直立介蕨是假蹄盖蕨属的成员

对直立介蕨Dryoathyrium erectum (Z. R. Wang) W. M. Chu &; Z. R. Wang与介蕨属Dryoathyrium、假蹄盖蕨属Athyriopsis的叶、毛、孢子囊群和孢子的形态进行了比较研究。直立介蕨叶轴和羽轴上的沟槽不明显、具有单列细胞的节状毛、孢子囊群有双生一脉, 以及孢子的形态等特征与假蹄盖蕨属植物相似。结合叶绿体DNA trnL-F区序列分析结果, 所有形态及分子资料均表明该种植物应属于假蹄盖蕨属, 应恢复其原名直立假蹄盖蕨Athyriopsis erectum Z. R. Wang。     

山东产蹄盖蕨科2属植物形态解剖学的研究

采用光镜和扫描电镜对山东分布的蹄盖蕨科2属(蹄盖蕨属和假蹄盖蕨属)7种植物的根、根茎、叶柄、叶轴、叶表皮、表皮毛和孢子囊进行了形态解剖学的系统研究.结果表明,在形态解剖学方面2属植物的共同特征为:根均为无髓中柱;叶柄基部的双柱型维管束向上渐靠近联合形成1个周韧型维管束;叶上下表皮垂周壁均呈波状;气孔主要为胞环型、周胞型或极附型.2属植物的不同特征是:蹄盖蕨属植物体无毛;而假蹄盖蕨属植物叶片和叶轴上均生有腺毛;蹄盖蕨属植物根皮层外侧为薄壁细胞,假蹄盖蕨属则为棕色厚壁细胞环.研究结果表明蹄盖蕨科为一个自然分类群,并支持假蹄盖蕨属的成立.     

中国蹄盖蕨属耳蕨状蹄盖蕨组植物的分类与分布

报道了蹄盖蕨属耳蕨状蹄盖蕨组植物２系８种;有分种检索表、文献引证、标本引证以及本组植物的分布。     

中国蹄盖蕨属轴果蹄盖蕨系的研究

本文是中国蹄盖蕨属植物研究的系列论文的第三篇,对国产轴果蹄盖蕨系植物进行了分类学订正,详细记载了中国产该系植物11种,首次将20余个名称归入该系的一些种下做为异名处理。轴果蹄盖蕨系植物是蹄盖蕨属中自然的一群,以其铁角蕨类型的孢子囊群和囊群益与其它属下类群相区别。本系植物分布于亚洲热带和亚热带山地,常见于山地常绿阔叶林下,海拔500～1800m。在华中和华东地区其分布区北界不超过长江一线。中国西南地区和台湾及日本为该系的三个分化中心。     

黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科三属(蹄盖蕨属、羽节蕨属及冷蕨属)的遗传多样性分析

利用7种随机引物对分布于黑龙江省不同区域蹄盖蕨科中的蹄盖蕨属,羽节蕨属及冷蕨属三属的遗传多样性进行了初步分析,对蹄盖蕨科各种基因组的DNA进行了PCR扩增,并对其RAPD谱带进行了统计处理,得出不同区域种类的多态位点百分率,结果表明蹄盖蕨科植物具有较高水平的遗传变异,其种类的分布对周围环境变化有着较强的适应能力。利用Shannon指数和Nei指数对其分析,确定了三属之间的属内种间的亲缘关系:蹄盖蕨属的大部分变异仍存在于种源内;冷蕨属中的冷蕨和山冷蕨种类之间具有一定的遗传变异;羽节蕨属中,欧洲羽节蕨和羽节蕨种间有较大的遗传变异。     

蹄盖蕨科的系统发育: 叶绿体DNA trnL-F区序列证据

蹄盖蕨科Athyriaceae是蕨类植物中一个复杂的大科,由于属间关系不甚清楚,该科分类系统还有一些问题,比如新蹄盖蕨、拟鳞毛蕨属、假冷蕨属、肠蕨属、短肠蕨属和菜蕨属的系统位置常有争议。根据蹄盖蕨科34种植物和3种外类群植物的叶绿体DNA trnL-F区序列建立了系统发育树,结果显示:1.trnL_F区序列分析的结果与rbcL基因序列分析的结果几乎一致。2.新蹄盖蕨属Neoathyrium Ching&Z.R.Wang不应成立,该属应与角蕨属Cornopteris Nakai合并。3.假冷蕨属Pseudo     

假冷蕨属孢子形态研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对假冷蕨属4种植物的孢子进行了详细观察,并与亲缘关系较近的冷蕨属、蹄盖蕨属植物孢子形态进行比较。结果表明,假冷蕨属孢子均为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为肾形,周壁表面具不规则脊状褶皱,连接成网状。假冷蕨属与蹄盖蕨属孢子形态特征相似,亲缘关系较近。     

黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科(Athyriaceae)植物的RAPD分析及其系统学意义

在形态分类研究的基础上,利用RAPD技术,对黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科植物6属9种共15个种群进行了遗传多样性分析,分析结果表明：（1）假冷蕨属应包括在蹄盖蕨属中（2）角蕨属与蹄盖蕨属,羽节蕨属与冷蕨属亲源关系较近（3）短肠蕨属为独立一属,与其它属亲源关系较远。根据黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科植物的DNA水平的研究结果,再结合其形态学特征,建议将黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科划分为3个亚科：冷蕨亚科(Cystopterioideae)包括2个属：冷蕨属(Cystopteris)和羽节蕨属(Gymnocarpium)。蹄盖蕨亚科(Athyrioideae)包括3个属：蹄盖蕨属(Athyrium)、假冷蕨属(Pseudocystopteris)和角蕨属(Cornopteris)。双盖蕨亚科(Diplazioideae)包括短肠蕨属(Allantodia)。     

黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科（Athyriaceae）植物的RAPD分析及其系统学意义

在形态分类研究的基础上,利用RAPD技术,对黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科植物6属9种共15个种群进行了遗传多样性分析,分析结果表明：（1）假冷蕨属应包括在蹄盖蕨属中（2）角蕨属与蹄盖蕨属,羽节蕨属与冷蕨属亲源关系较近（3）短肠蕨属为独立一属,与其它属亲源关系较远。根据黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科植物的DNA水平的研究结果,再结合其形态学特征,建议将黑龙江省蹄盖蕨科划分为3个亚科：冷蕨亚科（Cystopterioideae）包括2个属：冷蕨属（Cystopteris）和羽节蕨属（Cemnocarpium）。蹄盖蕨亚科（Athyrioideae）包括3个属：蹄盖蕨属（Athyrium）、假冷蕨属（Pseudocystopteris）和角蕨属（Cornopteris）。双盖蕨亚科（Diplazioideae）包括短肠蕨属（Alhntodia）。     

国产蹄盖蕨属软刺蹄盖蕨组植物的研究

作者对国产蹄盖蕨属软刺蹄盖蕨组植物从形态分类和地理分布上进行了研究,共计载了23种。其中Athyrium densisorum,A.medogense和A.chingianum为新种,A.paranigripes为一新名称。文中还附有分类检索表,每种都有文献、异名和标本引证及地理分布。     

越南蕨类植物新记载(2)

Nine species of ferns are reported for the first time from Vietnam： Cyrtomium pachyphyllum （Rosenst.） C. Chr. C. shingianum H. S. Kung et P. S. Wang, Dryopteri bodinieri （Christ） C. Chr., D. gyrnnosora （Makino） C. Chr. Teratophyllum aculeatum （B1.） Mett. ex Kuhn, Elaphoglossunm sinii C. Chr. ex Wu, Tectaria herpetocaulos Holtt. T. hokouensis Ching et C. H. Wang, BoninieUa cardiophylla （Hance） Tagawa, distributions are discussed.     

中国25个蕨类植物名称原白中排印错误之更正

根据《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规》（深圳法规）规则9.2的精神,对我国25个蕨类植物名称的原白中指定的主模式标本错误做了更正,这些植物名称是粤里白、峨眉里白、云南姬蕨、阔基凤丫蕨、川西蹄盖蕨、无盖蹄盖蕨、贡山蹄盖蕨、哈巴蹄盖蕨、假轴果蹄盖蕨、大盖蹄盖蕨、金佛山蛾眉蕨、城口假冷蕨、墨脱红线蕨、镰羽复叶耳蕨、离脉柳叶蕨、弓羽柳叶蕨、木坪贯众、秦岭贯众、强壮鳞毛蕨、西天目鳞毛蕨、百山祖鳞毛蕨、离柄沙皮蕨、毛根蕨、长柄线蕨和长瓦韦。     

Some New Records of Ferns from Vietnam ( 2)

Nine species of ferns are reported for the first time from Vietnam: Cyrtomium pachyp hyllum ( Rosenst. ) C. Chr. , C1 shingianum H. S. Kung et P. S. Wang, Dryopteri bodinieri ( Christ) C. Chr. , D1 gymnosora (Makino) C. Chr. , Teratop hyllum aculeatum ( Bl. ) Mett. ex Kuhn, Elaphoglossunm sinii C. Chr. ex Wu, Tectaria herpetocaulos Holtt. , T1 hokouensis Ching et C. H. Wang, Boniniella cardiophylla ( Hance) Tagawa, distributions are discussed.     

On the systematic position of Athyrium crenulato-serrulatum Makino from North-eastern Asia

The fern Athyrium crenulato-serrulatum Makino is found in the whole of Northeastern Asia embracing Northeastern China, Korea, Japan, Ussuri and the Far East USSR. It is similar to the European Athyrium distentifolium, formerly known as A. alpestre, in having exindusiate round or ovate sori, but differs in several essential characters, such as the well-spaced fronds are biseriately arranged along a thick and long-creeping rhizome, the base of stipe is thickened and not attenuated towards the point of attachment, the deltoid-ovate lamina with the basal pinnae as long as those next above, which all are distinctly petiolate and the rachis, costis and especially the costules of pinnules clad in fine pale-colored generally septate hairs underneath. All these clearly show that the fern in question is not an Athyrium sen. str. neither Pseudoathyrium Newman to which latter the fern was referred by Nakai. However, we have been long suspicious of its proper systematic position. In his recent monograph on the genus Cornopteris (Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 30: 104. 1979.) Kato has pointed out that C.crenulato-serrulata (Makino) Nakai “has the northernmost destribution in the genus and exhibits a few characteristics similar to Athyrium, the swollen base of stipes with projections and cartilaginous lamina margin. By these characteristics the species is clearly discriminated from other species”. According to Kurita (1964), Mitui (1970) and Karo (1978) the species in question has chromosome numbers n=40, the base number of the subfamily Athyrioides instead of x=41, the base number of the subfamily Diplazioides including Cornopteris Nakai. Since thefern in question fits no other athyrid genera, hence a new genus is proposed.     

Taxonomic revision of and supplement to the Tectaria Cav. (Aspidiaceae) from Yunnan,China

Tectaria Cav. is a large fern genus of ca. 150 species distributed in the tropic and subtropic regions of the world, of which 27 species and two varieties occur in China. These species are mostly distributed in the southern part to the Yangtze River, mainly concentrated in Yunnan, only two species spreading northwards to Sichuan located in the northern part to the Yangtze River. Based on examination of specimens deposited in KUN and PE, many of which are recent collections, a new species is described, one species and one variety are recognized as new records for China, one species as new record for Yunnan, one species as new record for Guizhou, and four specific names, i. e., T. cosimilis Ching et C. H. Wang, T. decurrenti-alata Ching et C. H. Wang, T. fengii Ching et C. H. Wang, T. simaoensis Ching et C. H. Wang are reduced to synonymies. As a re-suit, 22 species and two varieties are recognized in the genus Tectaria from Yunnan.     

广东竹亚科新组合及新异名

报道了广东竹亚科13新组合,1新名称和3新异名,其中筋竹属3新组合1新名称,牡竹属4新组合,青篱竹属5组合1新异名,箬竹属2新异名及方竹属1新组合.     

渐尖毛蕨(金星蕨科)四个新异名

根据标本研究和野外观察,将疏羽毛蕨、拟渐尖毛蕨、慈利毛蕨和光叶毛蕨处理为渐尖毛蕨的异名。     

Three New Cytotypes of Dryopteris chrysocoma Complex

Two new species and one nataral hydrid close to Dryopteris chrysocoma (Christ) C. Chr. are found by means of cytological study, which shows that D. chrysocoma circumscribed in the past is not a single diploid in its range, but consists of several cytotypes. D. para-chrysocoma is a sexual diploid with narrowly lanceolate laminae that are almost glandless. The scales on the rachis and pinna rachis are pale brown, longer in length (4-7 mm) and denser. Indusium lacks glands too. The ultimate segments are narrower and separated by arrow spaces. These characters distinguish it from D. chrysocoma. D. zinongii is a sexual tetraploid. It is recognised by its ovate laminae, sparse, small and dark brown scales on the rachis and pinna rachis (1-2mm in length), broad segments closely adjacent one another and membranous indusia. D. × daliensis is shown to be an apomictic triploid which has rather irregular meiosis. There are some free chromosomes at the first metaphase, some lagging chromosomes and bridges at the first anaphase and some micronuclei in young spores. Some unpaired univalents can even be seen at diplotene. Approximately 14 univalents, 14 bivalents and 27 trivalents were observed at late diakinesis. Although a large number of SMCs were counted, a definite chromosome number has so far proved impossible to be obtained. This is possibly caused by variable pairing of the three genomes and different trivalent numbers formed in each SMC. As a result, generally less than 64 abortive spores are formed in each sporangium, but the sporangium with 32 spores could also be found rarely. All these show that this hybrid may be derived from the cross between a diploid and a tetraploid which have homoeologous genomes. D. × daliensis is morphologically intermediate between D. zinongii and D. paraChrysocoma. in respect to characters such as ovate-lanceolate laminae, brown rachis scales with a dark central stripe, 2-3 mm in length, and abortive spores in unequal size and different shapes etc. In addition, they are often found growing together in Cang Shan, Yunnan. It is therefore reasonable to consider that the latter two are probably the parents of the former. These new cytotypes show the presence of Dryopteris chry-socoma complex which is generally characterized by shell-shaped indusia and glandular fronds. Accoding to the morphology, D. woodsiisora Hayata, D. tenuissima Tagawa, D. alpicola Ching et Z. R. Wang, D. fangii Ching, Fraser-Jenkins et Z. R. Wang and D. pseudochrysocoma Ching etc. should be the members of this complex. In order to clarify the relationships between all the members of D. chrysocoma complex, a great deal of further cytogenetic study, including artificial hybridization and analysis of meiosis in both wild and synthesized hybrids, is required. The author is grateful to Prof. R. C. Ching and Mr. C. R. Fraser-Jenkins of the British Museum (Natural History) for their kind and helpful suggestion, and thank Mr. Q. Xia and Mr. Y. L. Ma for their help in the field work.