Repeated,Long-Term Cycling of Putative Stem Cells between Niches in a Basal Chordate

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Highlights? Identification of a niche for germline and somatic stem cells in a basal chordate ? Stem cells repeatedly migrate between aged or damaged niches into developing niches     

POT1-TPP1 Regulates Telomeric Overhang Structural Dynamics

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Highlights? POT1 binds the telomere overhang sequentially one OB fold at a time ? POT1 binding exhibits 3′ to 5′ directionality ? POT1-TPP1N induces dynamic folding and unfolding of telomeric overhang ? POT1-TPP1N slides back and forth on the telomeric overhang     

Structure of a bacteriophytochrome and light-stimulated protomer swapping with a gene repressor

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Highlights? Bacteriophytochrome structure containing photosensory and output transducing domain ? RpBphP1 binds to the cognate repressor RpPpsR2 on illumination with far-red light ? HOS domain is distantly related to Dhp and is essential for binding to the repressor ? Light-induced protomer swapping mechanism between dimers     

Snx3 Regulates Recycling of the Transferrin Receptor and Iron Assimilation

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Highlights? Snx3 is highly expressed in vertebrate hematopoietic tissues ? Silencing of Snx3 results in anemia and hemoglobin defects in vertebrates ? Snx3 and Vps35 physically interact with Tfrc ? Snx3 is required for endosomal recycling of Tf-Tfrc complex     

Variable lymphocyte receptor recognition of the immunodominant glycoprotein of Bacillus anthracis spores

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Highlights? VLRBs use their C-terminal LRRs and the LRRCT-loop to interact with antigen ? Sequence-related VLRBs exhibit differential recognition of their BclA epitopes ? VLR4 binds a conserved protein epitope, yet is specific for B. anthracis spores     

A novel aux/IAA28 signaling cascade activates GATA23-dependent specification of lateral root founder cell identity

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Highlights? GATA23 is involved in lateral root founder cell specification ? A coordinated migration of pericycle nuclei precedes the first asymmetric division ? An Aux/IAA28-dependent auxin signaling cascade controls GATA23 expression     

Architecture of a dodecameric bacterial replicative helicase

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Highlights? Crystal structure of the ATPase domain of DnaB from Helicobacter pylori ? MALLS analysis shows that HpDnaB forms dodecamers ? EM reconstruction shows that HpDnaB forms head-to-head double hexamers     

The metabolic profile of tumors depends on both the responsible genetic lesion and tissue type

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Highlights? MYC and MET affect glucose and glutamine metabolism differently in the liver ? Tissue context affects the outcome of metabolic reprogramming by MYC ? MYC overexpression sensitizes cells to inhibition of Gls1 glutaminase     

Interplay between the Dividing Cell and Its Neighbors Regulates Adherens Junction Formation during Cytokinesis in Epithelial Tissue

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Highlights? During cytokinesis, neighboring cells accumulate MyoII at the edges of the furrow ? MyoII nonautonomously sets the initial geometry of the daughter cell interface ? Neighboring membranes impede adherens junction (AJ) formation until a midbody forms ? Arp2/3-dependent actin accumulation in the dividing cell maintains AJ geometry     

Klf15 orchestrates circadian nitrogen homeostasis

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Highlights? Nitrogen homeostasis exhibits circadian rhythmicity in mammals ? Klf 15 regulates rhythmic amino acid utilization and ammonia detoxification ? Krüppel-like factor 15 is regulated by the circadian clock ? Feeding is a major external cue regulating Klf15 rhythmicity and nitrogen homeostasis     

HSF-1 regulators DDL-1/2 link insulin-like signaling to heat-shock responses and modulation of longevity

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Highlights? C. elegans DAF-2 insulin-like signaling negatively regulates HSF-1 activity ? DDL-1 and DDL-2 are negative regulators of HSF-1 ? Formation of a complex containing DDL-1/2 and HSF-1 inhibits HSF-1 activity ? DAF-2 signaling promotes DHIC formation by inhibiting DDL-1 phosphorylation     

Trachea-Derived Dpp Controls Adult Midgut Homeostasis in Drosophila

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Highlights? Trachea-derived Dpp/Bmp is required for midgut homeostasis ? Dpp expressed in tracheal cells reach intestinal cells through visceral muscles ? Dpp signaling is activated in enterocytes (ECs) in the Drosophila adult midgut ? Dpp signaling stabilizes ECs to restrict intestinal stem cell proliferation     

Deletion of Iron Regulatory Protein 1 Causes Polycythemia and Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice through Translational Derepression of HIF2α

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Highlights? Irp1 deficiency causes polycythemia and pulmonary hypertension ? Irp1 regulates HIF2α translation and expression of EPO and endothelin 1 ? Irp1 represses erythropoiesis to protect tissue iron levels during iron deficiency ? A low-iron diet worsens polycythemia and causes sudden death in Irp1?/? animals     

Sprouty1 Regulates Reversible Quiescence of a Self-Renewing Adult Muscle Stem Cell Pool during Regeneration

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Highlights? Pax7⁺ skeletal satellite cells regenerate muscle in their endogenous environment ? Quiescent satellite cells express the RTK inhibitor Spry1 ? Spry1 is needed for satellite cells to return to quiescence after muscle injury ? Deletion of Spry1 in satellite cells depletes the muscle stem cell pool     

The bacterial stressosome: a modular system that has been adapted to control secondary messenger signaling

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Highlights? Regulation of cyclic di-GMP biosynthesis in Moorella thermoacetica ? Stressosome signal transduction and resetting ? X-ray crystal structure of type 2C phosphatase MtX ? X-ray crystal structures of phosphorylated MtS and the N-terminal domain of MtR     

Mycobacterium tuberculosis activates the DNA-dependent cytosolic surveillance pathway within macrophages

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Highlights? M. tuberculosis permeabilizes phagosomes and activates cytosolic signaling pathways ? Host cytoplasmic DNA receptors sense M. tuberculosis extracellular DNA ? DNA recognition activates the STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathway ? Cytosolic sensing promotes M. tuberculosis infection     

Kinetic Competition between RNA Polymerase II and Sen1-Dependent Transcription Termination

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Highlights? Fast Pol II elongation rate leads to Sen1-dependent termination defects ? Deletion of Rrp6 reveals a noncoding RNA termination window sensitive to Pol II rate ? Slow Pol II rate promotes earlier Sen1 termination events, rescues sen1 defects ? Fast Pol II rate promotes later Sen1 termination events, worsens sen1 defects     

Characterization and In Vivo Pharmacological Rescue of a Wnt2-Gata6 Pathway Required for Cardiac Inflow Tract Development

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Highlights? Wnt2 is required for atrial and inflow tract morphogenesis ? Wnt2 regulates expansion of secondary heart field progenitors ? Defects in Wnt2^?/? mutants can be rescued using Wnt signaling agonists ? Wnt2 cooperates with Gata6 to regulate cardiac inflow tract development     

Mesenchymal stem cells as therapeutic agents of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

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Highlights? Immunomodulatory properties of MSCs in vitro and in vivo are discussed. ? Safety and efficacy of treatments with allogeneic MSCs are discussed. ? Future directions to improve efficacy of MSC treatments are proposed.     

The Glove-like Structure of the Conserved Membrane Protein TatC Provides Insight into Signal Sequence Recognition in Twin-Arginine Translocation

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Highlights? Crystal structures of TatC from the thermophile Aquifex aeolicus are presented ? The architecture of TatC generates a glove-shaped pocket buried in the bilayer ? Molecular dynamics reveal destabilization of the membrane around the pocket ? Correlation to biochemical results suggest the signal sequence binds in this pocket