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1.
Aycan Bilisik Ayse Yenigun Adem Bicakci Kayi Eliacik Yakup Canitez Hulusi Malyer Nihat Sapan 《Aerobiologia》2008,24(1):61-66
Pollen grains in the atmosphere of Didim, collected using a Durham sampler, were investigated in 2004 and 2005. Weekly pollen
grains per square centimetre were calculated. Over a period of 2 years, 17,518 pollen grains/cm2 belonging to 40 taxa and unidentified pollen grains were recorded. In 2004, 9,879 pollen grains were counted per cm2, and in 2005 the value was 7,639 per cm2. The majority of pollen grains investigated were Pinus spp. (45.58%), Cupressaceae/Taxaceae (13.49%), Olea spp. (9.19%), Platanus spp. (7.62%), Gramineae (6.33%), Pistacia spp. (4.34%), Morus spp. (3.81%), Quercus spp. (2.02%), Abies spp. (1.39%), and Plantago spp. (1.11%). During the month of April, 40.46% of total pollen grains were recorded. According to our results, pollen season
durations for the dominated pollen grains in Didim were: the 7th–33rd weeks for Pinus spp., nearly the whole year except summer for Cupressaceae/Taxaceae, the 17th–29th weeks for Olea spp., the 10th–24th weeks for Platanus spp., the 8th–46th weeks for Gramineae, the 8th–20th weeks for Pistacia spp., the 11th–21st weeks for Morus spp., the 17th–21st weeks for Quercus spp., the 9th–27th weeks for Abies spp., and the 7th–26th weeks for Plantago spp. 相似文献
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3.
Tan Ching Ong Soo Hwee Lim Xiaowei Chen Siti Dahlia Mohd Dali Hugh Tiang Wah Tan Bee Wah Lee Fook Tim Chew 《Aerobiologia》2012,28(2):135-151
Monitoring atmospheric fern spore and pollen loads in Singapore was initiated in June 1990. Aside from the more numerous fungal
spores, fern spores and pollen grains made up 6.2–8.6% and 4.4–5.4% of the total airspora sampled, respectively. The most
frequently encountered fern spores, in descending order, were those of Nephrolepis
auriculata, Dicranopteris
linearis, Stenochlaena
palustris, Asplenium
nidus, Pteridium
aquilinum, and Dicranopteris
curranii. For pollen grains, the most frequently encountered, in descending order, were Elaeis
guineensis, Casuarina
equisetifolia, Acacia
auriculiformis, Kyllingia
polyphylla, Podocarpus, and Poaceae pollen grains. Seasonal patterns for individual fern spore or pollen types were discernible despite the relatively
uniform tropical climate in Singapore. The fern spore and pollen calendar for the period 1991–1995 was compared to that of
2005–2006 as a follow-up study to keep abreast with the rapidly changing landscape of Singapore. Diurnal patterns showing
a late morning to afternoon peak period were seen in fern spores, while the peak period was in the morning for pollen types
studied with the exception to oil palm pollen. Additionally, association between fern spore and pollen counts and local meteorological
conditions were also analyzed and found to be highly correlated. This study has thus identified the fern spores and pollen
airspora components, and determined the calendars, as well as diurnal profiles of the Singapore airspora and provides invaluable
information for allergy studies by highlighting the trigger sources present in the environment. 相似文献
4.
An Assessment of the Phylogenetic Relationship Among Sugarcane and Related Taxa Based on the Nucleotide Sequence of 5S rRNA Intergenic Spacers 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
5S rRNA intergenic spacers were amplified from two elite sugarcane (Saccharumhybrids) cultivars and their related taxa by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 5S rDNA consensus primers. Resulting PCR
products were uniform in length from each accession but exhibited some degree of length variation among the sugarcane accessions
and related taxa. These PCR products did not always cross hybridize in Southern blot hybridization experiments. These PCR
products were cloned into a commercial plasmid vector PCR™ 2.1 and sequenced. Direct sequencing of cloned PCR products revealed
spacer length of 231–237 bp for S. officinarum, 233–237 for sugarcane cultivars, 228–238 bp for S. spontaneum, 239–252 bp for S. giganteum, 385–410 bp for Erianthusspp., 226–230 bp for Miscanthus sinensisZebra, 206–207 bp for M. sinensisIMP 3057, 207–209 bp for Sorghum bicolor, and 247–249 bp for Zea mays. Nucleotide sequence polymorphism were found at both the segment and single nucleotide level. A consensus sequence for each
taxon was obtained by Align X. Multiple sequences were aligned and phylogenetic trees constructed using Align X, CLUSTAL and
DNAMAN programs. In general, accessions of the following taxa tended to group together to form distinct clusters: S. giganteum, Erianthusspp., M. sinensis, S. bicolor, and Z. mays. However, the two S. officinarumclones and two sugarcane cultivars did not form distinct clusters but interrelated within the S. spontaneumcluster. The disclosure of these 5S rRNA intergenic spacer sequences will facilitate marker-assisted breeding in sugarcane.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Silvia Docampo Marta Recio M. Mar Trigo Marta Melgar Baltasar Cabezudo 《Aerobiologia》2007,23(3):189-199
An aeropalynological study was carried out in the atmosphere of the city of Nerja (southern Spain) during a period of 4 years
(2000–2003), using a Hirst type volumetric pollen trap. An annual pollen index of 59,750 grains, on average, was obtained
with 80–85% of the total pollen recorded from February to May, with Pinus, Olea, Urticaceae, Cupressaceae, Quercus and Poaceae being the principal pollen producers in abundance order. A total of 29 pollen types that reached a 10-day mean
equal to or greater than 1 grain of pollen per m3 of air is reflected in a pollen calendar. The results were compared with those obtained for nearby localities and a correlation
analysis was made between the daily fluctuations of the main pollen types and total pollen, and meteorological parameters
(temperature, rainfall and hours of sun). The daily, monthly and annual values reached by the most important pollen types
from an allergenic point of view (Olea, Urticaceae and Poaceae) confirms Nerja as a high-risk locality for the residents and the numerous tourists who visit the
area. 相似文献
6.
The prevalence of airborne fungal spores and pollen grains in the indoor and outdoor environments of a coir factory in Thiruvananthapuram
district of Kerala state, India was studied using the Burkard Personal Sampler and the Andersen 2-stage Sampler for 2 years
(September 1997 to August 1999). The concentration of pollen grains was remarkably lower than that of fungal spores (ratio
of 1:28). There was no large difference in the concentrations and types of fungal spores between the indoor and outdoor environments,
with 26 spore types found to be present indoors and 27 types outdoors; of these, 22 were common to both the environments. Aspergillus/Penicillium, Cladosporium, ‘other basidiospores’ and ascospores were the dominant spore types. The total spore concentration was highest in February
and lowest in September, and it was significantly higher in 1998–1999 than in 1997–1998. Twenty viable colony-forming types
were isolated from inside the coir factory. The most dominant viable fungi isolated were Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. The total pollen concentration was higher in the outdoor environment of the coir factory than indoors, with 15 and 17 pollen
types, respectively. Grass and Cocos nucifera pollen types were dominant. The dominant spore and pollen types trapped in the two environments of the coir factory are reportedly
allergenic and, consequently, workers are at risk of catching respiratory/allergic diseases. 相似文献
7.
An aerobiological survey was performed in Berhampore town of West Bengal, India, to know the frequency of three common airborne
pollen, namely Acacia auriculiformis, Eucalyptus citriodora and Madhuca indica using an ASTIR one day volumetric sampler. Acacia pollen showed its peak concentration in September, followed by Madhuca in April, while Eucalyptus showed its two peaks between September–October and January–April. Meteorological factors like temperature, RH, rainfall played
an important role in release and dispersal of pollen. Skin prick tests with the antigenic extracts of the three pollen types,
showed their allergenic potentialities. The highest markedly positive reactions were exhibited by Eucalyptus (34.04%), followed by Madhuca (22.93%) and Acacia (21.87%). 30–60% (NH4)2 SO4 cut fraction (Fraction II) of each pollen type showed maximum positivity in skin prick test. Biochemical analysis showed
that Acacia pollen was richer in protein and carbohydrate, than the other two types. The total protein component of the above
types were studied by SDS-PAGE showing different protein bands with a range of molecular weight 29–110 KD. In isolated fraction
II (allergenically most potent) of Eucalyptus and Madhuca different protein band of 43–200 KD were obtained, while a single protein band of 57 KD was obtained for Acacia. The IgE specific allergenic reactivity was confirmed by Dot-blotting technique.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
We studied the possibility of integrating flowering dates in phenology and pollen counts in aerobiology in Germany. Data were analyzed for three pollen types (Betula, Poaceae, Artemisia) at 51 stations with pollen traps, and corresponding phenological flowering dates for 400 adjacent stations (< 25 km) for the years 1992–1993 and 1997–1999. The spatial and temporal coherence of these data sets was investigated by comparing start and peak of the pollen season with local minima and means of plant flowering. Our study revealed that start of birch pollen season occurred on average 5.7 days earlier than local birch flowering. For mugwort and grass, the pollen season started on average after local flowering was observed; mugwort pollen was found 4.8 days later and grass pollen season started almost on the same day (0.6 days later) as local flowering. Whereas the peak of the birch pollen season coincided with the mean flowering dates (0.4 days later), the pollen peaks of the other two species took place much later. On average, the peak of mugwort pollen occurred 15.4 days later than mean local flowering, the peak of grass pollen catches followed 22.6 days after local flowering. The study revealed a great temporal divergence between pollen and flowering dates with an irregular spatial pattern across Germany. Not all pollen catches could be explained by local vegetation flowering. Possible reasons include long-distance transport, pollen contributions of other than phenologically observed species and methodological constraints. The results suggest that further research is needed before using flowering dates in phenology to extrapolate pollen counts. 相似文献
9.
Yuwadee Peerapornpisal Sutthawan Suphan Neti Ngearnpat Jeeraporn Pekkoh 《Biologia》2008,63(6):852-858
The distribution of phytoplankton was investigated in standing water bodies such as reservoirs, ponds and marshes. Thirty
sampling sites in Northern Thailand were studied during 1998–2005. The water quality could be classified as oligotrophic-mesotrophic
to eutrophic status. Twelve families, 51 genera and 181 species of chlorophytic phytoplankton were found. The dominant genera
were Staurastrum spp., Cosmarium spp., Scenedesmus spp. and Pediastrum spp. The distribution of these species was mainly affected by the water quality.
Presented at the International Symposium Biology and Taxonomy of Green Algae V, Smolenice, June 26–29, 2007, Slovakia. 相似文献
10.
Mariana V. Filipova-Marinova Eliso V. Kvavadze Simon E. Connor Per Sjögren 《Vegetation History and Archaeobotany》2010,19(4):351-364
Tertiary-relict plants are survivors from the pre-Quaternary periods. Today, most European Tertiary relicts are confined to
small, isolated stands distributed in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions. In the past, however, the fossil record indicates
that these species were probably distributed over large parts of the European continent and may have been important constituents
of the vegetation. Little is known about their pollen representation, which limits our ability to reconstruct this past vegetation
with any accuracy. This paper draws on the results of pollen trapping experiments in Bulgaria and Georgia, where relict stands
of Aesculus hippocastanum, Cercis siliquastrum, Fagus orientalis, Juglans regia and Pterocarya fraxinifolia are still in existence. We compared average pollen accumulation rates (PAR) to vegetation data from around the trapping locations
to derive estimates of absolute pollen productivity using various pollen dispersal functions. Composite dispersal functions
that model pollen components carried above the vegetation canopy and falling as rain provided better relationships between
PAR and plant abundance than functions that consider only a single component or the ‘trunk-space’ component carried under
the canopy. A composite dispersal function with a simple model for regional pollen and the best overall correlation statistics
gave the following estimates of absolute pollen productivity (grains cm−2 yr−1 with 1 SE intervals): Carpinus betulus 19,000–28,700; Fagus orientalis 15,600–20,400; Juglans regia 27,200–36,200; Pterocarya fraxinifolia 182,000–192,600; Quercus spp. 21,700–24,800; Tilia begoniifolia 51,600–68,300; and T. tomentosa 14,700–18,200. These estimates were applied to fossil data from the Black Sea coast to reconstruct palaeovegetation using
absolute and relative methods. 相似文献
11.
Based on the melissopalynology 38 honey samples collected in the central region of the Argentine province of Entre Ríos were classified by botanical and geographical origin. According to qualitative analysis, 20 honey samples were monofloral and 18 were multifloral. Dominant pollen types were Scutia buxifolia Reissek (Rhamnaceae) in six samples, Baccharis spp. (Asteraceae) in five, Lotus spp. (Fabaceae) in three, Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae) and Eryngium spp. (Apiaceae) in two, Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam. (Apiaceae) and Trithrinax campestris (Burmeist.) Drude & Griseb. (Arecaceae) in one sample. One hundred and nineteen pollen types were identified belonging to 52 families; 75% of which were native species. The families best represented in number of species were Asteraceae and Fabaceae. Pollen types such as Scutia buxifolia, Trithrinax campestris, Schinus spp. (Anacardiaceae), Mimosoideae from Prosopis spp., Acacia spp., Mimosa ostenii Speg. ex Burkart, and M. strigillosa Torr. & A. Gray are considered the indicators for this geographical origin. The studied honeys were also characterized by a high frequency of Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Astereae, Echium plantagineum L. and cultivated Papilionoideae forage species such as Melilotus albus Desr., Lotus spp. and Trifolium spp. Honeydew elements were scarce. 相似文献
12.
Meredith Hoag Lieux 《Economic botany》1977,31(2):111-119
Nine secondary pollen types (those comprising 16–45% of the pollen sample) were recovered from 54 honey samples (10 g) collected from the major beekeeping areas of Louisiana. The pollen types in order of decreasing importance are:Berchemia scandens, rattan vine;Rubus spp., blackberry and dewberry;Salix spp., willow;Trifolium repens, white clover;Glycine max, soybean;Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Virginia creeper; Rosaceae, rose family;Cephalanthus occidentalis, buttonbush; andCornus spp., dogwood. The first four secondary types also appeared as dominant pollen (over 45%) in some of the Louisiana honey samples investigated and were previously reported. The remaining five pollen types and the “bee plants” associated with each pollen type are identified and described. 相似文献
13.
Marco Giustini Francesco Paolo Miccoli Gaetano De Luca Bruno Cicolani 《Hydrobiologia》2008,605(1):183-191
The relationship between dry weight and body length for larvae of Plecoptera (Leuctra spp., Isoperla grammatica, Nemoura cinerea) and Ephemeroptera (Baetis spp., Habrophlebia fusca, Paraleptophlebia submarginata, Ecdyonurus helveticus, Rhithrogena semicolorata), collected from a carbonate stream in the Apennine (central Italy), is reported. The power equation f(x) = Ax
B
has been applied to fit the curves of dry weight vs. body size (length) in the ranges 0.03–13.00 mg and 2–14 mm, respectively;
a total of 674 larvae were examined. The power model was in very good agreement with experimental data. Moreover, the error
between measured and estimated weight was in the 4–20% range. The data on Isoperla grammatica, Leuctra spp., Rhithrogena semicolorata and Baetis spp. were compared to those in a previous study in a different geographical setting (south-western Germany’s Black Forest)
obtaining similar results but with lower errors. We used and compared two methods: the weighted least-square method (WLS)
and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The values of the A and B coefficients obtained with the two methods were very similar (<6% discrepancy for either A or B). We found the best fits for all the examined Plecoptera (species, genus, and order level), while the results for Ephemeroptera
were varied, with loose fits at the order level and also for Leptophlebiidae collectively considered.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Handling editor: R. Bailey 相似文献
14.
Emberlin J Smith M Close R Adams-Groom B 《International journal of biometeorology》2007,51(3):181-191
Previous work on Betula spp. (birch) in the UK and at five sites in Europe has shown that pollen seasons for this taxon have tended to become earlier
by about 5–10 days per decade in most regions investigated over the last 30 years. This pattern has been linked to the trend
to warmer winters and springs in recent years. However, little work has been done to investigate the changes in the pollen
seasons for the early flowering trees. Several of these, such as Alnus spp. and Corylus spp., have allergens, which cross-react with those of Betula spp., and so have a priming effect on allergic people. This paper investigates pollen seasons for Alnus spp. and Corylus spp. for the years 1996–2005 at Worcester, in the West Midlands, United Kingdom. Pollen data for daily average counts were
collected using a Burkard volumetric trap sited on the exposed roof of a three-storey building. The climate is western maritime.
Meteorological data for daily temperatures (maximum and minimum) and rainfall were obtained from the local monitoring sites.
The local area up to approximately 10 km surrounding the site is mostly level terrain with some undulating hills and valleys.
The local vegetation is mixed farmland and deciduous woodland. The pollen seasons for the two taxa investigated are typically
late December or early January to late March. Various ways of defining the start and end of the pollen seasons were considered
for these taxa, but the most useful was the 1% method whereby the season is deemed to have started when 1% of the total catch
is achieved and to have ended when 99% is reached. The cumulative catches (in grains/m3) for Alnus spp. varied from 698 (2001) to 3,467 (2004). For Corylus spp., they varied from 65 (2001) to 4,933 (2004). The start dates for Alnus spp. showed 39 days difference in the 10 years (earliest 2000 day 21, latest 1996 day 60). The end dates differed by 26 days
and the length of season differed by 15 days. The last 4 years in the set had notably higher cumulative counts than the first
2, but there was no trend towards earlier starts. For Corylus spp. start days also differed by 39 days (earliest 1999 day 5, latest 1996 day 44). The end date differed by 35 days and
length of season by 26 days. Cumulative counts and lengths of season showed a distinct pattern of alternative high (long)
and low (short) years. There is some evidence of a synchronous pattern for Alnus spp.. These patterns show some significant correlations with temperature and rainfall through the autumn, winter and early
spring, and some relationships with growth degree 4s and chill units, but the series is too short to discern trends. The analysis
has provided insight to the variation in the seasons for these early flowering trees and will form a basis for future work
on building predictive models for these taxa. 相似文献
15.
Seasonal variations in microalgal communities were compared between surface and subsurface paddy soils in Osaka, Japan. Soil
samples were collected from depths of 0–1 (surface), 8–9, and 17–18 cm. Diatom cells were counted directly, and the numbers
of other microalgae were estimated using a culture method. The microalgal community as well as the soil properties changed
drastically in the surface soil as a consequence of alternate flooding and drainage. In the soil collected at a depth of 0–1
cm, the cell density of diatoms and the viable count of other microalgae markedly increased, and Chlorella spp., Nitzschia spp., and Navicula spp. were predominant during the flooding period, whereas Scenedesmus spp. and Hantzschia spp. were predominant during the drainage period. In contrast, in the soils collected at depths of 8–9 and 17–18 cm, the
cell density of diatoms and the viable count of other microalgae remained constant. Despite the unavailability of light, a
large number of microalgae were present in these subsurface soils throughout the annual cultivation cycle, and Scenedesmus spp. and Nitzschia spp. were always dominant. Cyanophytes were also present at all the depths but had low relative frequencies. These results
suggest that the algae that are predominant in paddy soil can survive not only drastic changes in water content but also complete
darkness. 相似文献
16.
The dynamics of 15 taxa pollen seasons in Kraków, in 1991–2008 was monitored using a Burkard volumetric spore trap of the
Hirst design. The highest daily pollen concentrations were achieved in the first half of May, and they were caused mainly
by Betula and Pinus pollen. The second period of the high concentrations took place from the middle of July to the end of August (mainly Urtica pollen). Tree pollen seasons were shorter (18–24 days) in comparison with the most herbaceous pollen seasons (73–89 days),
except at Artemisia and Ambrosia seasons (30 and 24 days, respectively). The season phases (percentyles) of the spring and late-summer taxa were the most
variable in the consecutive years. The highest annual sums were noted for Urtica, Poaceae (herbaceous pollen seasons) and for Betula, Pinus, Alnus (tree pollen seasons), and the highest variability of annual totals was stated for Urtica, Populus, Fraxinus and the lowest for Ambrosia, Corylus, Poaceae. For the plants that pollinate in the middle of the pollen season (Quercus, Pinus and Rumex), the date of the season start seems not to be related to the season end, while for late pollen seasons, especially for Ambrosia and Artemisia, the statistically negative correlation between the start and the end season dates was found. Additionally, for the most
studied taxa, the increase in annual pollen totals was observed. The presented results could be useful for the allergological
practice and general botanical knowledge. 相似文献
17.
R. Khushiramani S. K. Girisha P. P. Bhowmick Indrani Karunasagar Iddya Karunasagar 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(10):2263-2268
Outer membrane proteins (Omps) are located at host–bacterial interface and are important for host immune responses and as
targets for drug therapy. In the present study, outer membrane protein profiling of 40 isolates of Aeromonas spp. (A. hydrophila, A. trota, A. caviae, A. veronii biovar sobria, A. jandaei and A. schubertii) obtained from different sources was done using SDS-PAGE, PCR and Western blotting techniques. The 3–4 high intensity bands
at the region of 25–45 kDa were obtained in all the isolates with minor differences. Twenty Omp patterns (M1–M20) were obtained.
The isolates were further tested for omp specific PCR and Omp specific antibody based Western blot. Positive reaction was obtained in 35 isolates of Aeromonas using ompTS-PCR and anti-OmpTS antibodies based Western blot. Primers specific for omp48 and antibodies to Omp48 reacted with 32 isolates. One mutant of A. hydrophila (AB-3-5-2 mutant) and 4 clinical isolates (one A. jandaei and three A. schubertii) were negative for both the genes. When both the assay systems were tested with bacterial cultures other than Aeromonas spp., anti-OmpTS antibodies were specific for Aeromonas spp. whereas, the anti-omp48 antibodies gave reaction with Escherichia coli and other Gram negative non-aeromonads. From the results we conclude the usefulness of OmpTS for identification of virulent
Aeromonas spp. and Omp48 as a potential recombinant vaccine candidate for Gram negative opportunistic infection of fish. Omp profiling
can be a useful molecular marker for characterizing Aeromonas isolates. 相似文献
18.
Damialis A Gioulekas D Lazopoulou C Balafoutis C Vokou D 《International journal of biometeorology》2005,49(3):139-145
We examined the effect of the wind vector analyzed into its three components (direction, speed and persistence), on the circulation of pollen from different plant taxa prominent in the Thessaloniki area for a 4-year period (1996–1999). These plant taxa were Ambrosia spp., Artemisia spp., Chenopodiaceae, Corylus spp., Cupressaceae, Olea europaea, Pinaceae, Platanus spp., Poaceae, Populus spp., Quercus spp., and Urticaceae. Airborne pollen of Cupressaceae, Urticaceae, Quercus spp. and O. europaea make up approximately 70% of the total average annual pollen counts. The set of data that we worked with represented days without precipitation and time intervals during which winds blew from the same direction for at least 4 consecutive hours. We did this in order to study the effect of the different wind components independently of precipitation, and to avoid secondary effects produced by pollen resuspension phenomena. Factorial regression analysis among the summed bi-hourly pollen counts for each taxon and the values of wind speed and persistence per wind direction gave significant results in 22 cases (combinations of plant taxa and wind directions). The pollen concentrations of all taxa correlated significantly with at least one of the three wind components. In seven out of the 22 taxon-wind direction combinations, the pollen counts correlated positively with wind persistence, whereas this was the case for only two of the taxon-wind speed combinations. In seven cases, pollen counts correlated with the interaction effect of wind speed and persistence. This shows the importance of wind persistence in pollen transport, particularly when weak winds prevail for a considerable part of the year, as is the case for Thessaloniki. Medium/long-distance pollen transport was evidenced for Olea (NW, SW directions), Corylus (NW, SW), Poaceae (SW) and Populus (NW). 相似文献
19.
Elżbieta E. Kopczyńska Nicolas Savoye Frank Dehairs Damien Cardinal Marc Elskens 《Polar Biology》2007,31(1):77-88
Variations of phytoplankton assemblages were studied in November–December 2001, in surface waters of the Southern Ocean along
a transect between the Sub-Antarctic Zone (SAZ) and the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ; 46.9°–64.9°S; 142°–143°E; CLIVAR-SR3 cruise).
Two regions had characteristic but different phytoplankton assemblages. Nanoflagellates(<20 μm) and pico-plankton (∼2 μm)
occurred in similar concentrations along the transect, but were dominant in the SAZ, Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF), Polar Front
Zone (PFZ) and the Inter-Polar Front Zone (IPFZ), (46.9°–56.9°S). Along the entire transect their average cell numbers in
the upper 70 m of water column, varied from 3 × 105 to 1.1 × 106 cells l−1. Larger cells (>20 μm), diatoms and dinoflagellates, were more abundant in the Antarctic Zone-South (AZ-S) and the SIZ, (60.9°–64.9°S).
In AZ-S and SIZ diatoms ranged between 2.7 × 105 and 1.2 × 106 cells l−1, dinoflagellates from 3.1 × 104 to 1.02 × 105 cells l−1. A diatom bloom was in progress in the AZ-S showing a peak of 1.8 × 106 cells l−1. Diatoms were dominated by Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Fragilariopsis spp., and Chaetoceros spp. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. outnumbered other diatoms in the AZ-S. Fragilaropsis spp. were most numerous in the SIZ. Dinoflagellates contained autotrophs (e.g. Prorocentrum) and heterotrophs (Gyrodinium/Gymnodinium, Protoperidinium). Diatoms and dinoflagellates contributed most to the cellular carbon: 11–25 and 17–124 μg C l−1, respectively. Small cells dominated in the northern region characterized by the lowest N-uptake and new production of the
transect. Larger diatom cells were prevalent in the southern area with higher values of N-uptake and new production. Diatom
and nanoflagellate cellular carbon contents were highly correlated with one another, with primary production, and productivity
related parameters. They contributed up to 75% to the total autotrophic C biomass. Diatom carbon content was significantly
correlated to nitrate uptake and particle export, but not to ammonium uptake, while flagellate carbon was well correlated
to ammonium uptake, but not to export. Diatoms have contributed highly to particle export along the latitudinal transect,
while flagellates played a minor role in the export. 相似文献
20.
Eugenio Domínguez-Vilches Paloma Cariñanos Carmen Galán Soldevilla Francisco Guerra Pasadas Félix Infante García-Pantaleón Francisco Villamandos de la Torre 《Aerobiologia》1995,11(2):129-135
During 1991 and 1992, hourly measurements were taken of solid particulates (size, 22–25 μm).Olea and grass pollen and spores. The results were then compared with symptoms recorded in patients consulting the Allergy Unit
during the period of highest pollen concentrations (April–June). The spore-trap slides were studied by spectrophotometry in
order to analyse the total solid particulates content in the air as a possible synergic agent of the pollen. This allowed
the volume of material present in the air to be determined and expressed as a percentage of total optical density (OD). Allergy
symptom data were obtained from the study of subjective clinical records completed by patients, who were required to note
down the severity of a selected series of symptoms every 4 h using a scale from 0–3. The results showed a clear link during
the season between hourly peaks and pollen concentrations, and the different patterns of response associated with the dominant
pollen types. An attempt has been made to determine whether a relationship exists between the increment of the optical density
and the symptomatic response. The positive relationship encountered seems to indicate that a synergic agent takes an active
part in the effects produced by pollen in the patients. 相似文献