用RACE技术快速扩增五指山猪来源的猪内源性反转录病毒3'LTR

测定我国小型猪来源的猪内源性反转录病毒(PERV)3'LTR,以便于PERV全基因的克隆和分析.用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术,从五指山猪外周血淋巴细胞mRNA中扩增到PERV-3'LTR,并克隆入pGEM-T easy载体,将阳性克隆进行序列测定和同源性分析.测序结果显示该克隆3'端的尾部有一个由12个A组成的poly(A)信号;其R区与PERV-MSL的R区(约64 bp)基本一致,同源性分析表明其与PERV-MSL的3'LTR具有81%的序列同源性.说明成功扩增了我国五指山猪来源的PERV-3'LTR,将有利于PERV全基因的克隆.     

猪内源性反转录病毒5′端非编码区的克隆及结构分析

通过五指山猪内源性反转录病毒5′端非编码区(5′UTR)cDNA的克隆,分析其一级结构和调控元件,为进一步研究其在PERV复制、转录中的调控机制奠定基础。本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)获得全长约1035bp的PERV 5′UTR。通过NCBI公共数据库BLASTn序列进行同源性分析,并应用KEGG数据库对该转录调控区进行顺式作用元件定位分析,结果发现PERV 5′UTR与GenBank公布的部分PERV 5′UTR相比较,同源性在82.6~94.8%之间。一级结构分析发现PERV 5′UTR由U3、R、U5区、引物结合区(PBS)及前导序列组成,可能的核心启动子序列与具有增强子作用的39bp重复序列分别位于U3区的-67~ 1与-97~-59区段。在5′UTR转录调控区(-428~ 507)鉴定出31个有效的顺式作用元件位点,其中NF-Y、TBP、Oct-1、HSF、GATA-1和GATA-2等与PERV的转录、调控密切相关。     

猪内源性反转录病毒5'端非编码区的克隆及结构分析

通过五指山猪内源性反转录病毒5'端非编码区(5'UTR)cDNA的克隆,分析其一级结构和调控元件,为进一步研究其在PERV复制、转录中的调控机制奠定基础.本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)获得全长约1035bp的PERV 5'UTR.通过NCBI公共数据库BLASTn序列进行同源性分析,并应用KEGG数据库对该转录调控区进行顺式作用元件定位分析,结果发现PERV 5'UTR与GenBank公布的部分PERV 5'UTR相比较,同源性在82.6～94.8%之间.一级结构分析发现PERV 5'UTR由U3、R、U5区、引物结合区(PBS)及前导序列组成,可能的核心启动子序列与具有增强子作用的39bp重复序列分别位于U3区的-67～+1与-97～-59区段.在5'UTR转录调控区(-428～+507)鉴定出31个有效的顺式作用元件位点,其中NF-Y、TBP、Oct-1、HSF、GATA-1和GATA-2等与PERV的转录、调控密切相关.     

猪内源性反转录病毒囊膜基因env真核表达质粒的构建及鉴定

目的:构建猪内源性反转录病毒(PERV)囊膜基因env的真核表达质粒pHCMV-env并加以鉴定,为研究PERV的细胞嗜性和宿主范围奠定基础。方法:用RT-PCR方法扩增五指山猪来源PERV的env基因,将其插入pGEM-T easy载体中,构建重组质粒pGEM-T-env,酶切鉴定正确后,将pGEM-T-env与pHCMV-VSV-G表达质粒同时经EcoRⅠ酶切消化后连接,构建重组表达质粒pHCMV-env,并进行酶切、测序鉴定;将鉴定正确的质粒pHCMV-env转染HEK293T细胞,采用PCR、RT-PCR检测转染后env基因的整合和转录情况。结果:扩增得到五指山猪来源PERV的env基因,并构建了pHCMV-env真核表达质粒,转染HEK293T细胞系后,该细胞系中有目的基因的整合和转录。结论:构建了真核表达质粒pHCMV-env,并且在HEK293T细胞中能够整合并转录,为研究PERV的细胞嗜性和宿主范围奠定了基础。     

猪内源性反转录病毒在中国实验小型猪中的存在与表达

目的对中国实验小型猪中内源性反转录病毒的存在与mRNA的表达进行检测,摸清中国实验小型猪中内源性反转录病毒的携带情况.方法根据已发表的PERV的序列设计并合成了三对引物,分别用于检测PERV核心蛋白基因(gag)、多聚酶基因(pol)及囊膜基因(env)的存在与表达;同时,根据目前通用的env基因分型方法合成了三对用于分型检测的引物env-A、env-B、env-C.应用PCR、RT-PCR扩增的方法,对来自于中国实验小型猪外周血淋巴细胞的DNA和RNA样品进行了检测.结果在6个被检DNA样品中均检出了PERV特异性DNA的存在;同样,在被检RNA样品中均有PERV特异性RNA的表达,且所表达的PERV均为A型和B型,在所有样品中均未检出C型PERV的表达.结论初步表明中国实验小型猪中存在内源性反转录病毒序列,且能以mRNA的形式表达,这一结果为我国特有小型猪的开发、利用及其病毒安全性评价奠定了基础.     

猪SOCS-2基因的克隆及序列分析

从中国地方猪品种八眉猪(BaMei)肾脏组织中提取总RNA,采用RT-PCR方法克隆了猪SOCS-2(suppressor of cytokinesignaling-2,细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-2)基因的cDNA序列,经T/A克隆,插入到pMD19-T载体上,导入大肠杆菌DH-5α,阳性克隆经PCR鉴定后进行测序,将测序结果与GenBank中已登录的人、大鼠和小鼠SOCS-2基因的序列进行同源性比较,利用生物信息学和分子生物学软件对猪SOCS-2基因编码的蛋白进行结构预测。结果表明:首次成功克隆了猪SOCS-2基因的cDNA序列(GenBank登录号为EF121242),其长度为822bp,该基因ORF区核苷酸序列与其他物种相比同源性达到93%以上,氨基酸同源性则达到89%以上,生物信息学分析表明该蛋白分子量为22.25kD,等电点pI=8.30,包含199个氨基酸残基。该基因cDNA序列的克隆,有利于进一步研究SOCS-2调节机体发育的分子机理。     

猪白细胞介素-18基因克隆、序列分析及其真核表达载体的构建

采集6月龄河南良杂猪的脾脏,分离淋巴细胞后直接提取总RNA,进行反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）扩增,扩增产物进行T-A克隆、测序,获得了河南良杂猪IL-18全基因序列,序列测定表明,plL-18全基因核苷酸长度为579bp,编码 192个氨基酸。与GenBank上已发表序列ABO10003进行比较,核苷酸同源性为99.8%,在第550位处 (以ATG为1计)由A→G,存在有意义突变。与GenBank下载读取的ABO10003、AF176949、AY262109、NM1997序列进行比较分析,氨基酸同源性分别为99%、98.5%和99.8%、99%。将该基因片段克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1,构建重组质粒pcDNA-ILl8m,所获重组质粒经过酶切、测序鉴定,证实含有目的片段,且连接、构建正确,为核酸疫苗的研究应用奠定了基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型福建株的全基因组克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank上公布的猪圆环病毒2型全基因序列设计一对扩增PCV-2全基因的引物,建立扩增PCV-2全序列的PCR方法,并应用此方法从福建省不同地区采集的疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)的仔猪肺组织病料中扩增出PCV-2全基因组(1 767 bp),将此基因片段克隆入pMD 18-T载体,筛选获得重组质粒pMD-PCV-2,并对其进行序列测定,然后对全基因组进行同源性和遗传进化分析。结果表明,福建省不同地区采集的猪肺组织扩增出的PCV-2全序列与GenBank上公布的的全基因组同源性介于94.9%-99.8%之间,ORF1的同源性介于97.2%-99.9%,ORF2的同源性也很高,介于97.7%-99.8%之间。其中福州株、福清株和漳州株与中国农大报道的12株、郑州株5株、杭州4株、武汉株3株、上海株2株、扬州2株、南京1株和兰州1株共30株在一个进化分支上,同源性也高达99.3%。本研究有助于监测PCV-2的疫源和进化关系,为进一步深入研究福建省生猪猪圆环病毒来源奠定一定基础。     

猪Fas基因的克隆及序列分析

广西大学动物科技学院李军、李晓宁、杨坚和罗建荣四位科研工作者从pk-15细胞中提取总RNA,用RT—PCR方法扩增出猪Fas基因,将其克隆到PMD18-T载体上,再进行序列分析,结果表明：克隆的猪Fas基因序列与genBank上登录的猪Fas基因同源性为100％,与人、牛、羊的Fas基因核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性分别为73．4％、79．2％、76．4％和56．2％、67．0％、64．6％。Fas蛋白胞内区的死亡域,其氨基酸序列在猪、牛、羊与人的基因中呈现较高的同源性。[第一段]     

荷包猪SLA-DRB基因cDNA的克隆及分子进化特征分析北大核心CSCD

旨在研究荷包猪SLA-DRB基因的分子特征,设计引物用RT-PCR扩增3头荷包猪DRB基因c DNA,并克隆至p MD18-T Vector,阳性克隆测序并做序列分析,分别进行同源性、分子进化及主要氨基酸变异位点分析。结果表明,成功从3头荷包猪中扩增得到SLA-DRB基因,分别命名为SLA-DRB-HB01-03,经序列测定后,证实c DNA全长为836 bp,其中1-801为ORF区,共编码266个氨基酸。同源性分析显示,SLA-DRB-HB与其他SLA-DRB等位基因的同源性介于90.3%-99.8%之间。分子进化分析表明,荷包猪SLA-DRB-HB独立分支,与其他等位基因相比较,进化更加原始。氨基酸变异位点和多态性分析结果显示,SLA-DRBHB本身存在一定的多态性。     

Construction of a swine BAC library: application to the characterization and mapping of porcine type C endoviral elements.

A porcine bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was constructed using the pBeloBAC11 vector. It comprised 107,520 clones with an average insert size of 135 kb, representing an almost fivefold coverage of the swine haploid genome. Screening of the library allowed recovery of one to eight clones for 142 unique markers located all over the genome, while it failed for only one marker. About 4% chimeric clones were found. The library was also screened for the protease gene of type C porcine endoviral sequences (PERVs), and 62 clones were recovered, all but two of which contained one protease gene. We found 20 protease sequences (PERV-1 to PERV-20) which, despite differing by point mutations, were all coding sequences. The most frequent sequence, PERV-2, was 100% similar to a protease sequence expressed in the porcine PK-15 cell line. Most of the clones harbored envelope genes. Thirty-three BAC clones were mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to 22 distinct locations on 14 chromosomes, including the X and Y chromosomes. These overall results indicate that there is generally one PERV copy per integration site. Although PERV sequences were not tandemly arranged, clusters of integration sites were observed at positions 3p1.5 and 7p1.1. Southern blot experiments revealed 20-30 PERV copies in the Large White pig genome studied here, and variations in PERV content among pigs of different breeds were observed. In conclusion, this BAC collection represents a significant contribution to the swine large genomic DNA cloned insert resources and provides the first detailed map of PERV sequences in the swine genome. This work is the first step toward identification of potential active sites of PERV elements.     

禽痘疫苗病毒中网状内皮组织增生病病毒5'LTR整合位点序列分析

参照国外发表的禽网状内皮组织增生病病毒（REV）5’长末端重复序列（LTR）在禽痘病毒（FPV）疫苗株基因组上的整合位点及相关序列,合成一对来自FPV的引物,从国内5个不同厂家生产的禽痘疫苗中经PCR均扩增到REV-5’LTR。通过序列比较发现,我国5个FPV疫苗毒株中REV-5’LTR整合位点与美国和澳大利亚的天然重组禽痘疫苗完全一致。其中,有3个的REV-5’LTR插入序列也与美国的Vac-3-Am株和澳大利亚的Vac-M3-Au株有100％的同源性。另2个中国疫苗毒株中的REV．LTR插入序列与美国疫苗毒株Vac-1-A。中的REV-LTR插入序列有99．6％的同源性。但是,这5个中国禽痘疫苗毒株中整合的REVLTR与中国近年分离到的REV野毒株HA9901的5’LTR的同源性只有75．4％-92．4％。     

Blastocysts cloned from the Putian Black pig ear tissues frozen without cryoprotectant at -80 and -196 degrees Celsius for 3 yrs

The Putian Black pig, as one of elite cultivars of endemic species in China, has been on the verge of extinction and urgently needs protection. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and noncryoprotected frozen tissue technology have successfully resurrected several mammalian species. Therefore, this study explored the primary feasibility of conserving this breed using a combination of both technologies. Skin tissues obtained from the ears of adult Putian Black boars were frozen without cryoprotectant at −20, −80, or −196 °C and stored for 3 yrs. Primary cell culture, passage and subculture were performed on frozen samples after being rapidly thawed at 39 °C and on fresh pig ear tissues (control). Cloned embryos were reconstructed using fibroblasts (from frozen and fresh tissues) with enucleated oocytes. Live cell lines were obtained from tissues frozen at −80 and at −196 °C and appeared to have normal proliferative activity after passage; furthermore, they directed cloned embryos to develop to the blastocyst stage after nuclear transfer. We concluded that the population of Putian Black pig might be increased in the future by transferring cloned blastocysts into synchronized recipient pigs.     

Evidence for a gapped linear duplex DNA intermediate in the replicative cycle of human and simian spumaviruses.

Two forms of linear DNAs have been found in simian (SFV1) and human (HSRV) spumaviruses: a linear duplex unsensitive to nuclease S1 and a sensitive structure with a single-stranded gap. Two nuclease S1 sensitive sites, mapping at the same position for both viruses, have been identified in the gapped structure. Using different molecular subgenomic clones of HSRV as probes in Southern blot analysis, one S1 site was localized in the 3'LTR and the other near the middle of the molecule at about 6.5 kbp from the 5' end of the viral genome. The latter site was shown to correspond to a single stranded region within the linear duplex DNA. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the polypurine tract (PPT) usually found at the 5' boundary of the 3'LTR of retroviruses, is duplicated in HSRV at the 3' end of the pol gene, near the gap. This suggests that the synthesis of plus strand DNA is discontinuous, generating the gap.     

Molecular evolution and geographic origins of type 1 human lymphotrophic virus in Colombia detected by RFLP polymorphism

The human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection is a public health problem in many endemic areas of Colombia. The subtyping of HTLV-I was based on the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in 3'LTR proviral DNA. From 31 HTLV-I isolates collected throughout Colombia, a RFLP analysis in a 737 bp 3'LTR fragment was performed. Fifty-eight percent (18/31) were identified as the Cosmopolitan subtype a, 19.4% (6/31) in the West African subtype b, 12.9% (4/31) in the Cosmopolitan subtype b and 9.6% (3/31) in the West African subtype c. The phylogenetic analysis of 3'LTR nucleotide sequences indicated that all the isolates in the current study were in the subgroup B or Japanese, in contrast with the highly divergent isolates from native Amerindians grouped in subgroup a or Transcontinental. The supported hypothesis was that of a post-Columbus introduction of virus represented in the African-American communities of the Colombian South Pacific. Some viral isolates from Colombian native Amerindians exhibited a nucleotide variation compatible with a Paleolithic introduction of the virus. The genetic diversity of HTLV-I in Colombia is complex and probably represents several independent introductions of lymphotropic virus.