中国叶螨科一新属新种(蜱螨目)

在云南大理的竹子上采到一种叶螨,经鉴定是叶螨族Tetranychini Reck,1950的一新属新种。描述如下(文内量度单位为微米)。 云爪螨属Yunonychus新属 前足体背毛3对,后半体有肩毛1对,背中毛3对,背侧毛2对,骶毛2对,臀毛1对;第一对背侧毛缺如。腹面有肛毛和肛侧毛各2对,爪间突粗壮,开裂为二,爪状。足Ⅰ跗节有双毛2对,足Ⅱ跗节有双毛1对。     

中国齿棘圆属一新种(弹尾目:圆科)(英文)

本文记述了中国圆科齿棘圆属一新种,南京齿棘圆Arrhopalitesnanjingensissp.nov.。该圆的许多形态特征与A.octacathus相近,但可根据围肛附器等结构的不同将二者区分。     

我国细蠓属的一新种——郧县细蠓 Leptoconops(Holoconops)yunhsienensis sp.nov.(双翅目:蠓科)

细蠓属(Leptoconops Skuse,1890)是吸血蠓类之一,其主要特征为:两复眼相距很远;雌性成虫的触角除围角片(antennaria)外有13节(细蠓亚属Leptoconops sens str.)或12节(全蠓亚属Holoconops Kieffer,1918);翅乳白色;径脉后各脉轻度角化;在径脉之后有一褶痕状的附脉(additional vein);无径中横脉(r-m);爪简单,或基部有分叉;雌性尾端有较长的尾叶;雄性抱握器端节的端部有一小的棘状短节。     

巢蛾科一新属一新种

研究中国巢蛾属的工作中,发现巢蛾科一新属一新种,现记录如下。模式标本保存在西北农学院昆虫标本室。天则巢蛾属Choutinea Huang,新属 头顶有二簇竖立的鳞毛;触角各节无纤毛,但有排列整齐的鳞片而呈弱锯齿状;有退化的上顎。各足跗节末端的爪短小(仅略长于爪垫),且又被跗节末端的鳞片复盖住,外观似为“秃爪”。后翅S_c R_1完全愈合。腹部各节背板上的刺毛细小稠密。雄     

黑塞石蜈蚣属一新种(石蜈蚣目：石蜈蚣科)及分子系统学分析

本文报道黑塞石蜈蚣属Hessebius一新种:冰突石蜈蚣,新种Hessebius translucidus sp.nov.,对其进行了形态学、分子系统学研究。新种的主要鉴别特征:(1)触角18～22节,每侧单眼9～14个,约为3列排布。(2)基胸板前缘具2+2齿。(3)基节腺孔4～6个。(4)雌性生殖肢第1节着生2+2个圆锥形生殖棘;第2节背侧后端向后方突起,突起末端再向后延伸形成像冰一样的透明结构;第3节末端爪简单,腹侧基部有一刺状突起。基于COⅠ基因开展了分子系统发育分析,证明该新种的判定和分类地位正确无误。     

中国长白山齿棘圆珧属一新种(弹尾目:圆珧科)(英文)

本文记述了采自长白山的圆科齿棘贺圆属一新种。此物种与八棘齿棘圆Arrhopalitesocta-CanthusYosii1970相近,但前者通过不同的头顶强棘数弹器基背面刚毛数,不同的齿节刚毛类型及上爪被膜缺如等特征与后者分开。新种最显著的特征是第Ⅵ腹节具有特殊的C系列刚毛。     

云南省厉螨科一新属新种（蜱螨亚纲：革螨股）

在云南陇川县的蟋蟀Gryllus sp.体上采得一种革螨,系厉螨科Ltelapidae Berlese中未曾描述过的种类,并为之建立新属,订名为滇厉螨属Dianolaelaps gen.nov.,属模标本为蟋蟀滇厉螨Dianolaelaps gryllus sp.nov.。新属的主要鉴别特征是:雌螨螯钳动趾端部分三叉;颚角内侧有沟漕并具齿突;口下片末端,在颚角与下咽间有长圆形结构,其内缘并具透明的尖齿列;涎针有膜状结构包绕;足Ⅰ—Ⅲ基节各具一棘,各基节远端侧具细小毛列。     

中国岩螨属一新种记述(蜱螨目:叶螨科)

岩螨属(Petrobia Murray,1877)雌螨背面观椭圆形,具3对前足体背毛,9对后半体背毛和1对肩毛。背毛均不着生在结节上。足Ⅰ跗节具2对双毛。跗节爪垫状,具粘毛。爪间突钩状,具2列指向腹侧的粘毛。     

厚绥螨属一新种和我国一新纪录(蜱螨目:厚厉螨科)

厚绥螨属Pachyseius是Berlese于1910年建立的。该属的主要特征为:背板一块,上有简单刚毛30对。胸板具3对刚毛,第四对刚毛位于胸后板上。腹肛板紧邻后缘平直的生殖板,其后缘和后侧缘不与背板愈合。腹肛板具肛前毛2—4对,肛侧毛位于肛门之前。气门板狭窄。足后板细长。须肢跗节具三叉刚毛。足Ⅱ跗节具刺和棘。     

中国苔螨亚科新纪录

本文报导我国苔螨亚科中的1个中国新记录属和4个新记录种。 中苔螨属Mesobryobia Wainstein,1956 前足体背面有向前突出的檐突,两侧明显突出,突出部位各着生1根刚毛。内骶毛间距大于后半体3对背中毛间距,内骶毛未达边缘;最后3对后半体背毛部分或全部着生于明显的结节上。跗节真爪和爪间突爪状,着生有粘毛。气门沟末端缠结。背毛13对,其中前足体背毛3对,后足体背毛10对。基节毛式为2-2-1-1。     

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS SPHYROTHECA FROM CHINA (COLLEMBOLA: SMINTHURIDAE)

Abstract Sphyrothca stachi sp. nov. is described here. It comes closest to Sphyrotheca multifasciata , but many differences reveal they are two distinct species.     

Materials for Chinese Phyllanthoideae

The present paper is part of taxonomic study on Chinese Phyllanthoideae. Included in it are two new varieties, Leptopus esquirolii var. villosus and Drypetes hainanensis var. longistipitata, one new combination, Glochidion triandrum var. siamense, and seven new records in China: Drypetes salicifolia, D. hoaensis. Actephila subsessilis, Glochidion khasicum, G. nubigennum, Bridelia spiosa and B. poilanei. In addition, seventeen taxon names are newly reduced: Liodendron formosanum = Drypetes formosana, Liodendron matsumurae = Drypetes matsumurae, D. longipes = D. indica, Antidesma paxii = A. acidum, A. hiiranense, A. filipes and A. pentandrum var. hiiranense = A. japonicum, A. calvescens = A. montanum, A. microphyllum = A. venosum, Breynia stipitata var. formosana and B. jormosana = B. vitis-idaea, Glochidion zeylanicum var. tomentosum = G. hirsutum, G. rubidulum = G. thomsonii, G. acuminatum = G. triandrum, G. fagifolium and Phyllanthus fagifolius = Glochidion sphaerogynum, Bridelia penangiena = B. insulana, B. henryana = B. tomentosa. All the types are kept in SCBl and PE.     

Phylogenetic revision of the Taenogera Kröber genus-group (Diptera: Therevidae), with descriptions of two new genera

The phylogenetic relationships of the Taenogera genus-group, consisting of nine genera, are examined using cladistic methods. Twenty-one species representing nine genera and one outgroup were compared in a cladistic analysis across 99 states in 44 characters. The genus Taenogera Kröber is revised to contain only T. longa (Schiner), T. nitida (Macquart) and T. notatithorax Mann. Two new genera are described and figured: Actenomeros gen. n., with two species, A. corniculaticaudus sp. n. and A. onyx sp. n.; and Taenogerella gen. n., with four species, Ta. elizabethae sp. n., Ta. platina sp. n., Ta. schlingeri sp. n. and Ta . nigrapicalis (Mann) comb. n. Phylogenetic analysis also supports the removal of Nanexila gracilis (Mann) comb. n. from Taenogera .     

Relationships between host blood factors and proteases in Glossina morsitans subspecies infected with Trypanosoma congolense

Abstract. Host blood effects on Trypanosoma congolense establishment in Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina morsitans centralis were investigated using goat, rabbit, cow and rhinoceros blood. Meals containing goat erythrocytes facilitated infection in G. m. morsitans , whereas meals containing goat plasma facilitated infection in G. m. centralis. Goat blood effects were not observed in the presence of complementary rabbit blood components. N-acetyl-glucosamine (a midguMectin inhibitor) increased infection rates in some, but not all, blood manipulations. Cholesterol increased infection rates in G. m. centralis only. Both compounds together added to cow blood produced superinfection in G. m. centralis , but not in G. m. morsitans. Midgut protease levels did not differ 6 days post-infection in flies maintaining infections versus flies clearing infections. Protease levels were weakly correlated with patterns of infection, but only in G. m. morsitans. These results suggest that physiological mechanisms responsible for variation in infection rates are only superficially similar in these closely-related tsetse.     

Selection of Verticillium lecanii Isolates with High Potential for Biocontrol of Cucumber Powdery Mildew by Means of Components Analysis at Different Humidity Regimes

To identify characteristics for the selection of Verticillium lecanii isolates with high potential for biocontrol of Sphaerotheca fuliginea under glasshouse conditions, an exploratory study was performed on the effect of water limitation on the development of 14 isolates. The conidial germination, growth and sporulation of isolates of V. lecanii were studied in a tritrophic system on cucumber leaves and in a ditrophic system in Petri dishes. Their mycoparasitic ability was studied in S. fuliginea and Cladosporium cladosporioides . All characteristics were clearly affected by humidity. Four isolates showed good biocontrol potential. The performance of isolates on agar had less predictive value than on powdery mildew. The germination of isolates of V. lecanii was lower and the mycelial growth faster on agar than on mildewed leaves under corresponding humidity conditions. The results suggest that conditions in the phyllosphere differed from the set humidity in the surrounding air. A correlation was found between the lysis of C. cladosporioides growing in dual culture on agar with isolates of V. lecanii and the parasitism of powdery mildew on detached, rooted leaves. C. cladosporioides might offer a suitable substrate for testing isolates of V. lecanii for mycoparasitic potential under various environmental conditions. Conidial germination, growth and sporulation had limited predictive value.     

Evaluation of the Palaearctic Eurithia consobrina (Diptera: Tachinidae) as a Potential Biocontrol Agent for Mamestra configurata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Canada

The evaluation of Eurithia consobrina (Meigen) as a candidate for introduction against bertha armyworm, Mamestra configurata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in western Canada included studies of its host range, distribution, synchronization with host, constancy, abundance and life history in Europe. In addition, its diapause induction and its coldhardiness were compared with those of the target host M. configurata and its native tachinid parasitoid, Athrycia cinerea (Coq.). E. consobrina was found to fit criteria for a successful biocontrol agent reasonably well. It also had the potential to fill a largely unoccupied niche in the parasitoid complex of M. configurata. E. consobrina has a facultative diapause of the long-day type, similar to A. cinerea, but is less sensitive to diapause-inducing conditions. E. consobrina is at least as coldhardy as A. cinerea and more coldhardy than M. configurata. Laboratory exposures to temperatures of 0 C for 140 days apparently selected for greater coldhardiness, and later generations survived exposures of 140 days at -15 C without significant mortality. Adult E. consobrina were released at three locations in Manitoba in 1986 and 1987, but establishment has not been confirmed.     

Predation by Halmus chalybeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Ceroplastes destructor and C. sinensis (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Ceroplastinae) Infesting Citrus in Northland, New Zealand

Predation by Halmus chalybeus (steelblue ladybird) on two species of wax scale was studied on citrus orchards in Northland, New Zealand. Field experiments using an exclusion technique of enclosing citrus branches in bags, found that larval and adult H. chalybeus preyed on first and second instars of both Ceroplastes destructor (white wax scale) and C. sinensis (Chinese wax scale), but not third instar C. destructor. Third instar C. sinensis and adults of both species were not tested but are rarely, if ever, attacked by H. chalybeus. The sampling of scale and ladybird populations and field experiments showed that few scales of either species survived past the second instar stage where H. chalybeus was numerous. The feeding rate of H. chalybeus on settled first and second instar scales was estimated inside bagged branches. Adults consumed on average 15.6 C. destructor and 13.3 C. sinensis per day per ladybird, while larvae ate 9.7 C. destructor per day. These feeding rates accounted for the experimental reduction of scale populations. H. chalybeus is a useful natural enemy for the control of C. destructor and C. sinensis when its activity is not disrupted by pesticides.     

Further flavonoid studies onAttalea species and some related cocosoid palms

In a flavonoid survey of direct and hydrolysed leaf extracts of sixteenAttalea, sevenScheelea and fourOrbignya species free tricin, tricin 7-glycosides, tricin 5-glucoside and flavone C-glycosides were the most frequent constituents; present in 100, 89, 70, and 81% of species, respectively. Luteolin, quercetin and isorhamnetin were each found in only 15% of the sample. The present results confirm the findings of a previous survey thatAttalea, Scheelea andOrbignya are chemically heterogeneous with as much variation between species as between genera. Furthermore, threeAttalea species,A. allenii, A. guaranitica andA. victoriana showed some infraspecific variation. On the other hand all three accessions ofA. ferruginea and six ofA. geraensis examined gave identical flavonoid profiles. The results support the view thatA. geraensis andA. guaranitica are closely related but do not support the suggested close relationship based on morphology betweenA. oleifera, A. burretiana andA. piassabossu.