人源Plk1及其结构域蛋白的融合表达及纯化

目的:表达纯化GST-Plk1及GST-Plk1 KD、GST-Plk1 PBD融合蛋白,以用于Plk1与其结合蛋白相互作用的研究。方法:PCR扩增Plk1全长及其KD、PBD结构域基因,定向克隆至p GEX-4T-1原核表达载体中,在大肠杆菌中分别表达其融合蛋白,并利用GSH交联的琼脂糖珠纯化。结果:人源Plk1及其结构域基因被克隆至p GEX-4T-1载体中;通过亲和纯化获得带有GST标签的Plk1及其结构域的融合蛋白。结论:构建了GST-Plk1、GST-Plk1 KD、GST-Plk1 PBD表达质粒并表达了相应的融合蛋白,为研究Plk1体外相互作用蛋白提供了基础。     

人Polo样激酶1活性缺失突变体和结构域在293细胞中的瞬时表达

目的:构建人Polo样激酶1(Plk1)活性缺失突变体及结构域突变体的真核表达载体,并在293细胞中表达。方法:用二次PCR方法扩增Plk1基因并点突变,将82位赖氨酸突变为精氨酸,定向克隆到pcDNA3-Flag载体中;用普通PCR方法扩增Plk1激酶区域及Polo盒区域(PBD)基因,定向克隆到pcDNA3-Flag载体中;将上述质粒转染293细胞进行瞬时表达,Western印迹检测Plk1蛋白的表达。结果:构建了Flag-Plk1(K82R)、Flag-Plk1KD、Flag-Plk1PBD真核表达质粒,在293细胞中均可有效表达,蛋白相对分子质量分别为68×103、45×103、31×103。结论:在293细胞中表达了Flag-Plk1(K82R)、Flag-Plk1KD、Flag-Plk1PBD蛋白,有助于进一步探究Plk1对底物的功能。     

SH2结构域：一个潜在的药靶

众多包含SH2结构域（Src homology 2 domain）的蛋白质在细胞内信号传导过程中起到重要作用,它们通过SH2结构域特异性结合包含磷酸化酪氨酸的蛋白质。SH2结构域保守的结构特征和重要的功能使它成为一种潜在的药物作用靶标。基于其结合靶蛋白序列设计的SH2结构域的抑制剂为治疗胞内信号通路异常引起的疾病提供了很好的方向。本文简述了SH2结构域的结构特征,结合特异性和抑制剂设计的进展。     

SH2结构域:一个潜在的药靶

众多包含SH2结构域(src homology 2 domain)的蛋白质在细胞内信号传导过程中起到重要作用,它们通过SH2结构域特异性结合包含磷酸化酪氨酸的蛋白质.sH2结构域保守的结构特征和重要的功能使它成为一种潜在的药物作用靶标.基于其结合靶蛋白序列设计的sH2结构域的抑制剂为治疗胞内信号通路异常引起的疾病提供了很好的方向.本文简述了sH2结构域的结构特征,结合特异性和抑制剂设计的进展.     

c-Kit 激酶抑制剂的研究与开发

c-Kit 是典型的Ⅲ型受体酪氨酸激酶,在肿瘤的发生发展以及侵袭、迁移和复发过程中起着十分重要的作用,是目前肿瘤分子靶向治疗的热门靶标之一,其抑制剂也成为抗肿瘤药物研究与开发的热点。简介c-Kit 激酶及其激活型突变与肿瘤发生发展的关系,着重综述近年来已上市和处于临床试验阶段的c-Kit 激酶抑制剂及其耐药机制研究。     

新型2-喹诺酮类Polo样激酶1抑制剂的设计合成及分子对接研究

目的:设计合成新型2-喹诺酮类Polo样激酶1(Plk1)抑制剂。方法:以Plk1抑制剂ON 01910为先导化合物,利用生物电子等排原理设计一系列2-喹诺酮类衍生物,用Autodock软件将该类化合物与Plk1进行分子对接和虚拟筛选,计算结合自由能;以取代的氯(溴)苄为起始原料,先后经巯基乙酸取代、双氧水氧化、与(对甲氧基)苯胺酰化,再经环合、水解制得目标化合物。结果:设计的化合物大多数与Plk1的结合自由能均比ON 01910的低,结合强度高、稳定性好;合成了16个2-喹诺酮类衍生物,产物结构经1H-NMR确证。结论:所得化合物中有15个为新化合物,化合物的结构设计科学合理,虚拟筛选结果良好,为后续实体筛选和化合物结构优化提供了理论依据和参考。     

精氨酸激酶基因研究进展

磷酸原激酶(PKs)在细胞能量代谢过程中起着关键作用,其中在无脊椎动物、原生动物和细菌中普遍存在的精氨酸激酶(AKs)已成为开发新型高选择性杀虫剂的潜在靶标。本文从精氨酸激酶基因的表达及其调控、分子进化与功能以及精氨酸激酶基因在害虫防治中的应用等几个方面介绍了国内外有关精氨酸激酶基因的研究进展。     

酵母RNA聚合酶II羧基端结构域激酶CTDK-I及其亚基的结构与功能

RNA聚合酶Ⅱ最大亚基Rpb1的羧基端结构域（carboxyl-terminal repeat domain,CTD）是RNA聚合酶Ⅱ发挥转录延伸功能所必需的,对其执行精确的转录调节功能至关重要。酵母细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶CTDK-I（carboxyl-terminal repeat domain kinase,CTDK-I）由CTK1、CTK2和CTK3组成,作用于RNA聚合酶Ⅱ羧基端结构域,动态磷酸化CTD的七肽重复序列（YSPTSPS）来调控转录和翻译。酵母中的特异性蛋白CTK3与特殊的细胞周期蛋白CTK2结合形成异二聚体,再与CTDK-I的催化亚基CTK1结合以调节其活性。CTK1作为细胞周期蛋白CDK（cyclin dependent kinase,CDK）的同源蛋白,其结构与功能的研究可拓展人们对CDK蛋白家族的认识;CTK2-CTK3复合物对CTK1调控机制的研究也可为细胞周期蛋白抑制剂的研发提供新的思路。本文简述了酵母CTDK-I的功能特点及其亚基的结构与功能以及亚基间的相互作用,并展望了CTDK-I复合物的研究前景。     

环氧化酶-2及其抑制剂，现在何处？又应走向何方？

本文回顾环氧化酶-2（COX-2）抑制剂的发展史和分析新的筛选方法：如平衡抑制剂对COX-1／COX-2的选择性,寻找双靶点或多靶点的抑制剂。在计算机辅助药物设计中结合更多的灵活的动力学原理,在天然分子的基础上设计新的药物分子,辅以脂质体包裹剂型实现药物靶向投递,以图研究出新一代更为安全的COX-2抑制剂来预防、控制癌症和其他疾病。     

肿瘤血管靶向药物的研究进展

肿瘤血管在实体瘤的发生发展中具有重要的作用,靶向肿瘤血管的新药研发已成为一个热点领域.抗肿瘤血管的治疗策略分为肿瘤新生血管生成抑制剂（tumor angiogenesis inhibitor,TAI）和肿瘤血管靶向药物（vascular targeting agents,VTAs）两方面的研究.肿瘤新生血管生成抑制剂旨在抑制肿瘤新生血管生成的过程,而肿瘤血管靶向药物则是通过快速而有选择性地破坏肿瘤血管功能,使肿瘤血供受阻,导致肿瘤坏死.VTA类药物分为两类：一是小分子抑制剂（small molecule agents）,利用肿瘤血管和正常组织血管存在的差别选择性地破坏肿瘤血管;另一种是生物制剂（biological agents）,借助能够特异结合肿瘤血管的配体将毒素、凝血诱导剂、凋亡诱导分子等运送到肿瘤血管,引起血管阻塞使肿瘤坏死.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.