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目的:优化大肠杆菌基因组基因无痕敲除的方法,提高无痕敲除的效率。方法:以无痕敲除大肠杆菌nanKETA基因簇为模型,利用Red同源重组系统和核酸内切酶I-SceI的筛选作用,通过两步连续同源重组无痕敲除大肠杆菌CLM37基因组中的nanKETA基因,优化无痕敲除时同源DNA长度与诱导用于筛选阳性克隆I-SceI表达的诱导剂浓度。通过比较敲除nanKETA基因前后菌株的生长曲线,研究大肠杆菌CLM37缺失nanKETA基因后的生长状态。结果:成功无痕敲除大肠杆菌CLM37基因组中的nanKETA基因,并在无痕化处理时,通过延长与基因组同源DNA的长度,由通常使用的80碱基对延长到684碱基对;并通过提高诱导筛选基因表达的四环素的浓度,由500 μg/ml提高到1000 μg/ml后,使无痕敲除效率高达90%以上。生长曲线研究表明,缺失nanKETA基因后的菌株生长状态与原菌株基本一致。结论:通过延长与基因组同源的双链核苷酸的长度和诱导筛选基因表达的四环素的浓度可显著提高无痕敲除的效率。 相似文献
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基因组编辑技术的飞速发展,尤其是近年来CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑体系的出现,使得研究人员能高效地在细胞系和动物模型中对基因组进行精确编辑。基于基因组编辑技术的各种实验研究平台被相继开发,包括通过在细胞系中引入疾病相关突变位点建立疾病模型,通过高通量筛选寻找导致肿瘤耐药性的突变基因,通过体内原位靶向致病基因并修改突变进行基因治疗等。这些基因组编辑技术研究平台极大推动了精准医学研究领域的发展。本文对基因组编辑技术在精准医学领域的基础研究、转化应用、目前存在的问题以及未来发展的方向进行了讨论。 相似文献
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【目的】兽疫链球菌(Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus)中透明质酸主要的生物合成途径和相关基因已经被研究得比较透彻,探究一种挖掘与透明质酸合成相关新基因的策略。【方法】利用自杀质粒pSET4s::sacB在宿主基因组中的随机整合作用,筛选具有表型差异突变菌株构建突变体库,进一步利用连接介导PCR (Ligation mediated PCR,LM-PCR)方法和全基因组重测序,检测质粒整合位点,通过基因无痕敲除和回补实验验证插入位点。【结果】构建了包含150株具有表型差异突变株的突变体库;以荚膜合成能力缺失的1号突变株(M1)作为基础研究对象,检测到自杀质粒整合到基因组458 960位点上,破坏了编码塔格糖-6-磷酸激酶的lacC基因;无痕敲除lacC基因得到ΔlacC,表型分析发现ΔlacC表现为粘性荚膜特性;进一步全基因组重测序发现,除了lacC基因位点存在插入突变,206 613位点存在碱基G缺失,导致编码透明质酸合成酶的hasA基因发生移码突变,且回补hasA基因后,M1恢复粘性荚膜合成能力。【结论】M1突变株粘性荚膜合成能力的缺失由hasA基因功能缺失引起,与lacC基因功能缺失无关。初步建立了兽疫链球菌中高通量筛选与透明质酸合成相关新基因的策略,为今后挖掘新基因奠定了基础。 相似文献
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基因编辑技术是当今生物学研究领域最为重要的颠覆性技术之一,以CRISPR/Cas9系统为核心的基因编辑工具被广泛应用于包括人类体细胞、生殖细胞编辑相关的医学研究领域。虽然CRISPR/Cas9系统可以高效编辑靶基因,但其精准编辑能力依赖于效率极低的同源重组方式,这极大限制了其定点编辑的能力与应用范围,所以寻找一种能高效引入点突变的新型基因编辑工具具有重大的应用价值。以CRISPR/Cas9系统为基础的单碱基编辑系统可以在基因组靶位点实现精准、高效的C/G和T/A碱基间的转换,其编辑能力已经在动植物、人体细胞以及人类胚胎中得到证实。利用单碱基编辑技术,有望对人类超过70%的相关遗传性致病位点进行修复。现就人类胚胎单碱基编辑治疗遗传疾病的最新研究进展进行综述和展望。 相似文献
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CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统操作简单易行,无需引入外源基因,生物安全性高。但怎样快速筛选获得不含外源转化元件的基因编辑后代是一个关键技术问题。本研究创造性的将拟南芥种皮特异性启动子At2S3与荧光筛选标记基因mCherry组装进植物基因组定点编辑CRISPR载体pHDE中,以拟南芥as1为靶基因,构建一种通过荧光标记筛选、实现转化后代中Cas9 Free的基因高效编辑体系。结果表明,通过同源重组方法构建的带有筛选标记的CRISPR载体与设计相符,外源插入片段正确。挑选转化后种皮上带有红色荧光标记的阳性种子培育得到T1代植株,经PCR验证,成功获得as1定点敲除的纯合突变植株,纯合子比率达到40%;挑选T1代纯合突变上不带荧光的种子,培育得到的T2代植株中,PCR检测不到Cas9片段,实现了编辑后代的Cas9 Free。本研究构建的一种带有可视化筛选标记的基因高效编辑体系,成功实现编辑后代中无外源插入的Cas9等转化元件,生物安全性高,为基因组定点编辑技术在植物遗传资源改良中的高效利用提供了借鉴与参考。 相似文献
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合成生物学目前在全球得到迅猛发展。在此专刊中,综述了一些相关技术在合成生物学领域的进展,其中有:链霉菌无痕敲除方法、基因合成技术、DNA组装新方法、最小化基因组的方法及分析、合成生物系统的组合优化。也讨论了应用合成生物学策略优化光合蓝细菌底盘、产溶剂梭菌分子遗传操作技术、蛋白质预算(Protein budget)作为合成生物学的成本标尺。最后,用几个例子说明了合成生物学的应用,包括复杂天然产物合成人工生物系统的设计与构建、微生物木糖代谢途径改造制备生物基化学品以及构建酿酒酵母工程菌合成香紫苏醇。 相似文献
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《中国细胞生物学学报》2019,(11)
合成生物学被认为是继"发现DNA双螺旋"和"人类基因组测序计划"之后的又一次生物技术革命,有望在工业制造、医药、农业、环境和能源等诸多领域带来变革。DNA合成和基因编辑是合成生物学的基石,其技术进步也是推动合成生物学快速发展的主要动力。该文重点介绍了DNA合成和基因编辑领域的主要技术及其研究进展,包括利用芯片oligo池的高通量基因合成技术和CRISPR介导的第三代基因组编辑系统等。 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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H.-R. GREGORIUS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1984,23(2-3):157-165
For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献