Highlights► Triacylglycerol assembly in microalgae might occur at plastid envelopes. ► Starch-less mutants provide clues for the engineering of carbon partitioning in algae. ► New algal species emerge as models for lipid and biofuel research. 相似文献
Highlights► Factors that limit bacteriocin application in the food industry may be addressed in a number of ways. ► Conjugation is widely exploited to facilitate bacteriocin production by specific LAB. ► Genetic manipulation can generate LAB producing greater concentrations and bacteriocin numbers. ► Bioengineering can greatly increase LAB bacteriocin activity and inhibitory spectra. 相似文献
Highlights► Microbial production of pharmaceutical and fuel molecules. ► Systems biology tools advanced our understanding about synthetic pathway design. ► Synthetic biology led us to cell factories tailor-made for chemical production. ► Combinatorial gene assembly for synthetic pathway diversification. ► Engineering static, dynamic and spatial control for better production phenotype. 相似文献
Highlights► Genome sequencing is an efficient, cost-effective way of characterizing microbes. ► Pangenome analysis gives new insight into texture formation in yoghurt. ► Pangenome analysis of probiotic strains has identified new effect or molecules. ► Pangenome analysis gives insight into probiotic–host specificity. ► Future perspectives include improved strains for food fermentations and probiotics. 相似文献
Highlights► Microbial interactions in food fermentations are crucial for product functionality. ► Complex microbial consortia tolerate more variation in the environment. ► Knowledge of communities of fermenting microbes drives diversification of starter cultures. ► Use of complex starter cultures requires new propagation methodologies. ► Immobilised cell technology is a high potential solution for propagating complex cultures. 相似文献
Highlights► Fermentation is being adopted by many companies for new and natural products. ► Fermentation is increasingly used as sustainable alternative for existing food processing. ► Innovation is achieved by applying traditional fermentation processes for novel substrates. 相似文献
Highlights► Probiotics are living cells and not typical food ingredients. ► Probiotics rapidly adapt to changing conditions in consumer products and the gut. ► Processing, consumer product, and host differences might influence probiotic efficacy. ► Clinical studies should include measurements of probiotic effector expression levels. 相似文献
Highlights► This review covers current know-how on cheese flavor development. ► Proteolysis, autolysis and amino acid catabolism by lactic acid bacteria are discussed. ► Systems biology approaches will drive future technology improvements. ► Next-generation sequencing holds promise for fast increase in exploitable knowledge. ► Culture heterogeneity may be significant for industrial flavor production by LAB. 相似文献
Highlights► Bacterial glycoproteins are potential drug targets and are worthy of study. ► Metabolic glycan labeling enables discovery and characterization of glycoproteins. ► Lectin arrays permit monitoring of bacterial glycoprotein dynamics. ► Crosslinking sugars reveal binding partners of glycoproteins to elucidate function. ► Bacterial glycosylation systems facilitate efficient glycoprotein production. 相似文献
Highlights► Production of novel pharmaceutical and commodity chemicals. ► Protein and pathway engineering pave the way for product diversifications. ► ‘Omics’ data have helped assembly of pathways from different species. ► Recombination of enzymatic domains and site-directed mutagenesis. ► Tunable control of pathways for better production. 相似文献
Highlights► Signaling in pluripotent stem cells is a complex, dynamic process. ► Multiple signaling pathways are required for maintenance of the stem cell state: Fgf/MAPK, TGFβ/SMAD2,3 and insulin/PI3K. ► These pathways are highly interactive and form a finely-balanced signaling network. ► Thresholds, temporal changes and combinatorial effects make important contributions to cell fate outcomes. 相似文献
Highlights► The application of Pichia pastoris for biopharmaceutical production is described. ► Synthetic biology approaches and perspectives to improve production are reviewed. ► Glycoengineering efforts to produce humanized, uniform glycoproteins are covered. ► The design and application of synthetic promoter variants are highlighted. ► The molecular toolbox available for synthetic biology in P. pastoris is discussed. 相似文献
Highlights► Electrofuels are non-photosynthetic, energy-dense fuels made from carbon dioxide. ► Herein, we review electrofuel production in hydrogen-utilizing organisms. ► We review both current and emerging electrofuel platforms and organisms. ► New advancements in genetic tools for electrofuel host organisms are examined. 相似文献
Highlights► Crop yield depends on efficiency of conversion of light energy into biomass. ► Models have estimated energy conversion efficiency in photosynthesis and metabolism. ► Research is exploring strategies to modify or suppress photorespiration. ► Energy loss during conversion of photosynthate to biomass is also large ► Research is addressing uncertainties over where these losses occur. 相似文献
Highlights► Transport engineering has the potential to increase nutritional value of crops. ► Transport engineering can increase yield of synthetic biology approaches. ► Neo-functionalization of primary metabolite transporters to specialized metabolism. ► Elimination of glucosinolate seed accumulation is achieved via transport engineering. ► Glucosinolates in Arabidopsis: a model for transport of specialized metabolites. 相似文献
Highlights► Poly(ω-hydroxy fatty acids) are polyethylene-like biobased polyester. ► Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate homopolymers are processed to stretchy film. ► Microbial lactate-based polyesters exhibit transparent and flexible properties. ► Enzyme and metabolic engineering facilitates the expanding of bio-based polymers. 相似文献
Highlights► Not all chelators are the same: more than metal sequestration and elimination. ► Metal chelates can redistribute metals across biological membranes. ► Metal-chelating fragments provide leads for metalloenzyme inhibition. ► Metal chelation can enhance metal reactivity and thus cytotoxicity. ► Prochelators provide site-activated metal chelation and passivation. 相似文献
Highlights► The intestinal microbiome is recognized as an important determinant of health. ► Galacto-oligosaccharides are non-digestible carbohydrates. ► Galacto-oligosaccharides stimulate growth and activity of gut bacteria. ► Subtle differences in structure can result in significant differences in activity. ► Less abundant oligosaccharides from bovine milk are similar to those from human milk. 相似文献
