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1.
    
Although the function and regulation of SnRK1 have been studied in various plants, its molecular mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses are still elusive. In this work, we identified an AP2/ERF domain-containing protein (designated GsERF7) interacting with GsSnRK1 from a wild soybean cDNA library. GsERF7 gene expressed dominantly in wild soybean roots and was responsive to ethylene, salt, and alkaline. GsERF7 bound GCC cis-acting element and could be phosphorylated on S36 by GsSnRK1. GsERF7 phosphorylation facilitated its translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and enhanced its transactivation activity. When coexpressed in the hairy roots of soybean seedlings, GsSnRK1(wt) and GsERF7(wt) promoted plants to generate higher tolerance to salt and alkaline stresses than their mutated species, suggesting that GsSnRK1 may function as a biochemical and genetic upstream kinase of GsERF7 to regulate plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Furthermore, the altered expression patterns of representative abiotic stress-responsive and hormone-synthetic genes were determined in transgenic soybean hairy roots after stress treatments. These results will aid our understanding of molecular mechanism of how SnRK1 kinase plays a cardinal role in regulating plant stress resistances through activating the biological functions of downstream factors.  相似文献   

2.
CIPK(calcineurin B-like-interacting protein kinase)是一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,在植物响应逆境胁迫和激素信号转导中发挥重要作用。本研究利用大豆基因组数据库,在全基因组水平鉴定获得52个CIPK蛋白激酶。蛋白比对分析发现所有Gm CIPK含有高度保守特征性的N端激酶区、连接区和C端调控区。系统进化树分析发现大豆Gm CIPK与拟南芥、水稻CIPK分类一致,分为4个亚家族,且每个亚家族含有3个不同物种的成员,表明Gm CIPK基因的分化早于物种的分化。启动子分析表明,多数Gm CIPK基因的启动子区含有逆境和激素应答元件。组织表达分析发现,Gm CIPK基因呈现多样化的组织表达特性。进一步选取组织表达量相对较高的14个Gm CIPK进行荧光定量PCR分析,结果表明这些菜用大豆CIPK基因在不同程度上均受高温、干旱、高盐胁迫以及ABA、ACC、SA、Me JA激素的诱导表达。采用蛋白同源比对和蛋白互作在线数据库对拟南芥及大豆同源CIPK蛋白激酶与其他蛋白的互作关系进行了预测分析,发现17对同源CIPK与其他蛋白(激酶、磷酸酶、转录因子等)存在互作。本研究为菜用大豆CIPK基因的功能研究与利用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

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Proteins in the PYR/PYL/RCAR family (PYLs) are known as receptors for the phytohormone ABA. Upon ABA binding, PYL adopts a conformation that allows it to interact with and inhibit clade A protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs), which are known as the co-receptors for ABA. Inhibition of the PP2Cs then leads to the activation of the SnRK2 family protein kinases that phosphorylate and activate downstream effectors in ABA response pathways. The PYL family has 14 members in Arabidopsis, 13 of which have been demonstrated to function as ABA receptors. The function of PYL13, a divergent member of the family, has been enigmatic. We report here that PYL13 differs from the other PYLs in three key residues that affect ABA perception, and mutations in these three residues can convert PYL13 into a partially functional ABA receptor. Transgenic plants overexpressing PYL13 show increased ABA sensitivity in seed germination and postgermination seedling establishment as well as decreased stomatal conductance, increased water-use efficiency, accelerated stress-responsive gene expression, and enhanced drought resistance. pyl13 mutant plants are less sensitive to ABA inhibition of postgermination seedling establishment. PYL13 interacts with and inhibits some members of clade A PP2Cs (PP2CA in particular) in an ABA-independent manner. PYL13 also interacts with the other PYLs and antagonizes their function as ABA receptors. Our results show that PYL13 is not an ABA receptor but can modulate the ABA pathway by interacting with and inhibiting both the PYL receptors and the PP2C co-receptors.  相似文献   

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植物逆境胁迫相关蛋白激酶的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
干旱、高盐、高温和低温等非生物胁迫及各种病虫害等生物胁迫严重影响植物的生长发育和作物产量.蛋白激酶主要通过激活不同的磷酸化途径介导外界环境信号的感知和传递,调控下游抗逆基因的转录表达,启动相应的生理生化等适应性反应来降低或消除危害.该文对近年来国内外有关与非生物胁迫和生物胁迫信号传导相关的受体蛋白激酶、促分裂原活化蛋白激酶、钙依赖而钙调素不依赖的蛋白激酶、蔗糖不发酵相关蛋白激酶和其它胁迫相关的植物蛋白激酶的研究进展进行综述,探索蛋白激酶介导的不同磷酸化途径应对逆境胁迫的信号传递网络,为进一步了解植物逆境分子应答机制提供依据.  相似文献   

5.
蔗糖非发酵-1-相关蛋白激酶2(sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2,SnRK2)是一类植物特有的Ser/Thr蛋白激酶,其主要通过磷酸化底物来调节下游基因的表达,实现不同组织部位的抗逆调控,使植物适应不利环境.该蛋白激酶家族成员数量较少,分子量约为40 k...  相似文献   

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植物蛋白激酶与作物非生物胁迫抗性的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
干旱、盐碱、高温等非生物逆境胁迫严重影响作物生长发育、产量和品质。在遭受非生物逆境的威胁时,植物通过信号受体,可感知、转导胁迫信号,启动一系列抗逆相关基因的表达,最终缓解或抵御非生物逆境胁迫对植物造成的危害。其中,蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酯酶的磷酸化/去磷酸化作用在植物感受外界胁迫信号的分子传递过程中起到开关的作用。正常情况下,蛋白激酶磷酸化开启信号转导途径,启动相应的抗逆基因表达反应;当信号消失后,蛋白激酶去磷酸化将信号转导途径关闭,达到调控植物正常生长的目的。因此,蛋白激酶在调控感受胁迫信号、启动各种非生物逆境胁迫响应中起到了极其重要的作用。近年来,对植物蛋白激酶参与非生物胁迫响应的研究倍受关注。本文阐述了不同类型蛋白激酶在改良作物非生物胁迫抗性上的应用,为进一步研究提供资料。  相似文献   

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干旱、盐渍、低温和高温等非生物胁迫严重影响植物的生长发育和作物的产量。在长期的进化过程中,植物逐渐形成了对外部刺激快速感知和主动适应的能力,其中植物体内逆境信号的传递在植物快速感知外部刺激和主动适应非生物胁迫过程中起着非常重要的作用。蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酶催化的蛋白质磷酸化和去磷酸化是植物体内存在的最普遍且最重要的信号转导调节方式。其中,蛋白激酶的主要作用是将ATP或GTP上的γ磷酸基团转移到特定的底物蛋白上,使蛋白磷酸化,被磷酸化的蛋白发挥相应的生理功能。近年来,利用生物技术和基因工程等手段从细胞、分子水平上研究有关蛋白激酶的抗逆机理,通过基因沉默、基因过表达等策略提高植物的抗逆性成为国内外抗逆分子生物学与分子育种学研究的热点。本文主要对植物蛋白激酶在介导非生物胁迫和激素信号通路中的作用进行综述,为进一步研究植物蛋白激酶功能提供有价值的信息。  相似文献   

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Abiotic stress is one of the most important factors reducing soybean yield. It is essential to identify regulatory factors contributing to stress responses.A previous study found that the tandem CCCH zincfinger protein Gm ZF351 is an oil level regulator. In this study, we discovered that the Gm ZF351 gene is induced by stress and that the overexpression of Gm ZF351 confers stress tolerance to transgenic soybean. Gm ZF351 directly regulates the expression of Gm CIPK9 and Gm SnRK, leading to stoma...  相似文献   

9.
In plants, the two-component systems (TCSs) play important roles in regulating diverse biological processes, including responses to environmental stress stimuli. Within the soybean genome, the TCSs consist of at least 21 histidine kinases, 13 authentic and pseudo-phosphotransfers and 18 type-A, 15 type-B, 3 type-C and 11 pseudo-response regulator proteins. Structural and phylogenetic analyses of soybean TCS members with their Arabidopsis and rice counterparts revealed similar architecture of their TCSs. We identified a large number of closely homologous soybean TCS genes, which likely resulted from genome duplication. Additionally, we analysed tissue-specific expression profiles of those TCS genes, whose data are available from public resources. To predict the putative regulatory functions of soybean TCS members, with special emphasis on stress-responsive functions, we performed comparative analyses from all the TCS members of soybean, Arabidopsis and rice and coupled these data with annotations of known abiotic stress-responsive cis-elements in the promoter region of each soybean TCS gene. Our study provides insights into the architecture and a solid foundation for further functional characterization of soybean TCS elements. In addition, we provide a new resource for studying the conservation and divergence among the TCSs within plant species and/or between plants and other organisms.  相似文献   

10.
Common mechanisms plants use to translate the external stimuli into cellular responses are the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. These MAPK cascades are highly conserved in eukaryotes and consist of three subsequently acting protein kinases, MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) and MAP kinase (MAPK) which are linked in various ways with upstream receptors and downstream targets. Plant MAPK cascades regulate numerous processes, including various environmental stresses, hormones, cell division and developmental processes. The number of MAPKKs in Arabidopsis and rice is almost half the number of MAPKs pointing important role of MAPKKs in integrating signals from several MAPKKKs and transducing signals to various MAPKs. The cross talks between different signal transduction pathways are concentrated at the level of MAPKK in the MAPK cascade. Here we discussed the insights into MAPKK mediated response to environmental stresses and in plant growth and development.  相似文献   

11.
    
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in various signal transduction pathways. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are a unique group of Ca2+ sensors that decode Ca2+ signals by activating the plant specific protein kinase known as the CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK). In plants, the CBL-CIPK signaling network regulates multiple signals in response to different extracellular cues including abiotic stress. However, the genome wide annotation and expression patterns of CBLs and CIPKs in woody cutting flower plants are still unclear. In this study, a total number of 7 CBLs (RcCBLs) and 17 CIPKs (RcCIPKs) genes, divided into four and five subfamilies, respectively, were identified from the rose genome. All RcCBLs possess a classic elongation factor-hand (EF-hand) domain, while all RcCIPKs possess both the classic kinase and NAF domains. Most RcCBLs were predicted to be plasma membrane localized, whereas most RcCIPKs were predicted to be cytoplasmic localized. Synteny analysis showed that one RcCBL gene pair and five RcCIPK gene pairs have gone through whole genome duplication events. Promoter cis-element prediction assays indicated that RcCBLs and RcCIPKs could function in different abiotic stress responses in rose plants. Further quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that RcCBLs and RcCIPKs were expressed in different organs with overlapped but distinct patterns in response to various abiotic stresses. The findings in this work will provide fundamental information and gene resources for further functional research on RcCBLs and RcCIPKs.  相似文献   

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Protein tyrosine phosphorylation plays an important role in cell growth, development and oncogenesis. No classical protein tyrosine kinase has hitherto been cloned from plants. Does protein tyrosine kinase exist in plants? To address this, we have performed a genomic survey of protein tyrosine kinase motifs in plants using the delineated tyrosine phosphorylation motifs from the animal system. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes 57 different protein kinases that have tyrosine kinase motifs. Animal non-receptor tyrosine kinases, SRC, ABL, LYN, FES, SEK, KIN and RAS have structural relationship with putative plant tyrosine kinases. In an extended analysis, animal receptor and non-receptor kinases, Raf and Ras kinases, mixed lineage kinases and plant serine/threonine/tyrosine (STY) protein kinases, form a well-supported group sharing a common origin within the superfamily of STY kinases. We report that plants lack bona fide tyrosine kinases, which raise an intriguing possibility that tyrosine phosphorylation is carried out by dual-specificity STY protein kinases in plants. The distribution pattern of STY protein kinase families on Arabidopsis chromosomes indicates that this gene family is partly a consequence of duplication and reshuffling of the Arabidopsis genome and of the generation of tandem repeats. Genome-wide analysis is supported by the functional expression and characterization of At2g24360 and phosphoproteomics of Arabidopsis. Evidence for tyrosine phosphorylated proteins is provided by alkaline hydrolysis, anti-phosphotyrosine immunoblotting, phosphoamino acid analysis and peptide mass fingerprinting. These results report the first comprehensive survey of genome-wide and tyrosine phosphoproteome analysis of plant STY protein kinases.  相似文献   

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CDPK-mediated abiotic stress signaling   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) constitute a large multigene family in various plant species. CDPKs have been shown to have important roles in various physiological processes, including plant growth and development and abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants. Functional analysis using gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutants has revealed the biological function of CDPKs in planta. Several CDPKs have been shown to be essential factors in abiotic stress tolerance, positively or negatively regulating stress tolerance by modulating ABA signaling and reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review summarizes recent results describing the biological function of CDPKs that are involved in abiotic stress tolerance.  相似文献   

19.
Root system architecture responds plastically to some abiotic stresses, including phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and water deficiency, but its response mechanism is still unclear. We cloned and characterized a vegetative β-expansin gene, GmEXPB2, from a Pi starvation-induced soybean cDNA library. Transient expression of 35S::GmEXPB2-GFP in onion epidermal cells verified that GmEXPB2 is a secretory protein located on the cell wall. GmEXPB2 was found to be primarily expressed in roots, and was highly induced by Pi starvation, and the induction pattern was confirmed by GUS staining in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Results from intact soybean composite plants either over-expressing GmEXPB2 or containing knockdown constructs, showed that GmEXPB2 is involved in hairy root elongation, and subsequently affects plant growth and P uptake, especially at low P levels. The results from a heterogeneous transformation system indicated that over-expressing GmEXPB2 in Arabidopsis increased root cell division and elongation, and enhanced plant growth and P uptake at both low and high P levels. Furthermore, we found that, in addition to Pi starvation, GmEXPB2 was also induced by Fe and mild water deficiencies. Taken together, our results suggest that GmEXPB2 is a critical root β-expansin gene that is intrinsically involved in root system architecture responses to some abiotic stresses, including P, Fe and water deficiency. In the case of Pi starvation responses, GmEXPB2 may enhance both P efficiency and P responsiveness by regulating adaptive changes of the root system architecture. This finding has great agricultural potential for improving crop P uptake on both low-P and P-fertilized soils.  相似文献   

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