烟草环斑病毒IC-RT-Realtime PCR检测方法研究

本研究首次应用免疫捕捉反转录实时荧光PCR技术(IC-RT-Realtime PCR)检测烟草环斑病毒,由于综合运用了抗原抗体特异性结合、核酸分子杂交、高灵敏度实时荧光PCR技术的优点,从而使病毒检测在特异性、灵敏度、稳定性等技术指标上比传统的DAS-ELISA方法都有显著提高,解决了烟草环斑病毒检测工作中由于隐症、病毒浓度低、干扰物质存在而影响检测结果的问题.     

烟草环斑病毒IC-RT-Realtime PCR检测方法研究

本研究首次应用免疫捕捉反转录实时荧光PCR技术(IC-RT-RealtimePCR)检测烟草环斑病毒,由于综合运用了抗原抗体特异性结合、核酸分子杂交、高灵敏度实时荧光PCR技术的优点,从而使病毒检测在特异性、灵敏度、稳定性等技术指标上比传统的DAS-ELISA方法都有显著提高,解决了烟草环斑病毒检测工作中由于隐症、病毒浓度低、干扰物质存在而影响检测结果的问题。     

烟草环斑病毒的定量检测技术研究

目的:建立特异、灵敏、快速的TaqMam实时荧光定量PCR方法,用于烟草环斑病毒(TRSV)的定量检测。方法:用纳米磁珠法提取病毒RNA,构建包含烟草环斑病毒全CP序列的质粒标准品。根据CP保守序列设计特异性的引物和TaqMam荧光探针,构建标准曲线,建立TRSV的实时荧光绝对定量PCR方法,并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和重复性进行评估。结果:建立的方法特异性好,与南芥菜花叶病毒、马铃薯X病毒和马铃薯Y病毒均无交叉反应;至少能检测到767个病毒拷贝,灵敏度比普通PCR高100倍;同一样品试验内及试验间重复性实验的变异系数均小于3%,重复性好;检测结果准确可靠,构建的标准曲线有较好的线性关系(R2=0.997)。结论:建立的TRSV TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法可满足口岸高通量、快速、准确的检验检疫要求。     

齿兰环斑病毒的鉴定及其抗血清的制备与应用

根据病毒生物学特性、粒体形态和血清学性质等初步确定从在厦门地区种植的表现为褪绿、褐色坏死斑症状的卡特兰(Cattleya)病株上分离的一个病毒分离物为齿兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus,ORSV).通过摩擦接种6科27种(或品种)指示植物,结果其中4科8种(或品种)表现症状,与烟草花叶病毒不同;理化性质试验表明稀释限点为5×10-5,致死温度为92℃～94℃,体外存活期超过3个月.提纯病毒为长约300nm,宽约18nm杆状粒体.SDS-PAGE电泳分析表明其外壳蛋白分子量约为17kDa.该分离物与ORSV抗血清具有强阳性反应、而与TMV抗血清反应微弱,认为该病毒为ORSV分离物.用纯化病毒免疫家兔,成功地制备出特异性抗血清,并通过Dot-ELISA法对厦门地区种植的兰花病株进行了检测研究.     

齿兰环斑病毒的鉴定及其抗血清的制备与应用

根据病毒生物学特性、粒体形态和血清学性质等初步确定从在厦门地区种植的表现为褪绿、褐色坏死斑症状的卡特兰(Cattleya)病株上分离的一个病毒分离物为齿兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossumringspotvirus,ORSV)。通过摩擦接种6科27种(或品种)指示植物,结果其中4科8种(或品种)表现症状,与烟草花叶病毒不同;理化性质试验表明稀释限点为5×10-5,致死温度为92℃～94℃,体外存活期超过3个月。提纯病毒为长约300nm,宽约18nm杆状粒体。SDS-PAGE电泳分析表明其外壳蛋白分子量约为17kDa。该分离物与ORSV抗血清具有强阳性反应、而与TMV抗血清反应微弱,认为该病毒为ORSV分离物。用纯化病毒免疫家兔,成功地制备出特异性抗血清,并通过Dot-ELISA法对厦门地区种植的兰花病株进行了检测研究。     

烟草环斑病毒外壳蛋白基因的原核表达及抗血清的制备

烟草环斑病毒(Tobacco ringspot virus,TRSV)是我国二类进境检疫危险性有害生物,对农业生产危害较大.本研究依据TRSV外壳蛋白基因cp序列设计合成了2条引物,通过RT PCR扩增得到长约1500bp的目的片段.将目的片段与质粒pET-22b(+)连接,构建了含TRSV cp基因的融合蛋白原核表达载体pETRSV-CP.序列分析表明,TRSV-SD1的cp基因全长1548bp,编码515个氨基酸与GenBank中其它TRSV分离物cp基因相比,核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性为90.7%～94.6%.将pETRSV-CP转入大肠杆菌,诱导表达.SDS-PAGE结果显示,表达的TRSV CP融合蛋白的相对分子质量约为58kDa.以此融合蛋白制备的抗血清的效价为1/1024,抗血清与TRSV具有良好的特异性反应.     

烟草环斑病毒外壳蛋白基因的原核表达及抗血清的制备

烟草环斑病毒(Tobaccoringspotvirus,TRSV)是我国二类进境检疫危险性有害生物,对农业生产危害较大。本研究依据TRSV外壳蛋白基因cp序列设计合成了2条引物,通过RT-PCR扩增得到长约1500bp的目的片段。将目的片段与质粒pET-22b( )连接,构建了含TRSVcp基因的融合蛋白原核表达载体pETRSV-CP。序列分析表明,TRSV-SD1的cp基因全长1548bp,编码515个氨基酸与GenBank中其它TRSV分离物cp基因相比,核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性为90.7%~94.6%。将pETRSV-CP转入大肠杆菌,诱导表达。SDS-PAGE结果显示,表达的TRSVCP融合蛋白的相对分子质量约为58kDa。以此融合蛋白制备的抗血清的效价为1/1024,抗血清与TRSV具有良好的特异性反应。     

番木瓜环斑病毒检测技术的研究

本研究在37℃条件下,以硝酸纤维素滤膜(NCM)为载体:3％酪蛋白为封闭剂、辣根过氧化物酶标记的A蛋白为酶标结合物(SPA-HRP)和以稀释100倍兔抗PRV-Ys的IgG为其工作浓度,成功地建立了检测PRV的间接Dot-ELISA。其检测灵敏度达到了较满意的ng水平。同时,本研究以PRV-Ys株系RNA作模板、oligo(dT)~(12-18)作引物、pUC19作cDNA克隆载体和以E.coli JM107作受体,采用缺口翻译(Nick Translation)方法成功地制备了pYs6 cDNA分子探针(插入片段约300bp)。其检测PRV-RNA的灵敏度达到了较理想的pg水平。     

番茄环斑病毒单克隆抗体的制备

以纯化的番茄环斑病毒(Tomato ringspot virus,ToRSV)为抗原,注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,将免疫小鼠脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0进行融合,经多次细胞筛选及克隆化,获得3株(A8、B7和G9)可分泌抗ToRSV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并以之分别制备小鼠腹水单克隆抗体。经酶联免疫吸附试验检测表明,该3株杂交瘤细胞腹水抗体效价在10-5～10-6之间,且均具有与ToRSV反应的特异性。     

番茄环斑病毒HC-RT-PCR-ELISA检测

番茄环斑病毒（ToRSV）是我国对外检疫一类有害生物,目前国内尚无存在的报道。PCR技术是一种快速灵敏的植物病毒检测方法,但核酸内的聚合酶抑制物会导致漏检现象,而只通过凝胶电泳进行结果判定会出现假阳性,这两方面限制了PCR技术在对外检疫中的应用。利用共价结合在PCR管壁上的引物特异性杂交诱捕核酸粗提液中的靶标核酸,洗掉杂质及抑制物质,在同一管内作RTPCR,凝胶电泳检测液相产物的同时对固相产物进行杂交检测,提高了结果的可靠性及灵敏度。利用所建立的HCRTPCRELISA成功地从法国进口葡萄苗中检出ToRSV。本方法还可用于其他植物病毒及转基因产品的检测。     

宁夏甜菜丛根病的研究

发生在宁夏甜菜上的一种病毒病的病株叶丛主要表现为黄化、焦桔和叶脉黄化坏死。从其分离的病毒粒子呈杆状,宽约20nm,长度为65—110nm、270—300nm和390—420nm,能侵染甜菜、菠菜、昆诺阿藜、苋色藜、番杏,与甜菜坏死黄脉病毒(BNYVV)抗血清呈阳性反应。综上所述,认为该病害是由BNYVV引起的。     

Observations on Fertilization in Sugar Beet

The whole process of double fertilization in sugar beet has been observed, the main results are as follows: About 2 hours after pollination, the pollen grains germinate, the sperms in the pollen tube are long-oval. 15 hours after pollination, the pollen tube destroys a synergid and releases two sperms on one side or at the chalazal end of the egg cell. The sperms are spherical each having a cytoplasmic sheath. 17 hours after pollination, one sperm enters the egg cell, and the sperm nucleus fuses with the egg nucleus rapidly. 21 hours after pollination, the zygote is formed. In the meantime, the primary endosperm nucleus has divided into two free endosperm nuclei. 25 hours after pollination, the zygote begins to divide, forming a two-celled proembryo. The dormancy stage of the zygote is about 4 hours. In the meantime the endosperm is at the stage of four free nuclei. 17 hours after pollination, the sperm nucleus comes into contact and fuses with the secondary nucleus. The sperm nucleus fuses with the secondary nucleus, faster than the sperm with the egg. he first division of the primary endosperm nucleus is earlier than that of the zygote, it takes place about 20 hours after pollination, the dormancy stage of the primary endosperm is about 2 hours. The endosperm is free nuclear. The fertilization of sugar beet belongs to premitotic type of syngamy. From the stage of zygote to the two-celled proembryo, it can be seen that addition- al sperms enter the embryo sac, but polyspermy has not been observed yet.     

Serological Strains of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Transmitted by Xiphinema americanum

Five serological strains of tobacco ringspot virus isolated from naturally infected tobacco in North Carolina, and a strain isolated from watermelon in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas were transmitted from cucumber to cucumber by mass-screened and handpicked Xiphinerna americanum from North Carolina. The Eucharis mottle strain from Peru was not transmitted, indicating that a specific strain-vector relationship may exist between the geographically isolated strains from North and South America.     

Development of PCR Diagnostic System for Detection of the Seed-Transmitted Tobacco Ringspot Virus in Quarantine

Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) is a plant quarantine virus in Korea. As such, a TRSV examination is conducted when importing various crops. In this study, RT-PCR and nested PCR systems for TRSV detection in quarantine sites, and the modified-positive control plasmid for proving laboratory contamination and false positive reactions were developed. The developed diagnostic system was used to detect TRSV in the quarantine site. It revealed that from 2012 to August 2014, a total of 12 cases were detected in imported various crops. The system is expected to continue contributing to TRSV detection in plant quarantine.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12088-015-0518-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

番木瓜环斑病毒弱株系保护作用的研究

本文报道了在番木瓜环斑病毒（ＰＲＶ）弱株系保护作用中,保护接种与攻击接种的深度,以及攻击接种的部位等因素对ＨＡ５－１弱株系保护作用效果的影响结果。通过分析弱株系和强株系在保护接种后攻毒的植株体内的病毒浓度,表明ＨＡ５－１弱株系对Ｓｍ株系的保护作用的崩溃是由于强株系在植株顶端叶片听病毒浓度越来越高所致。本文还就ＰＲＶ弱株系在田间的应用技术作了一些讨论。