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1.
Molecular mapping of genomic regions underlying barley yellow dwarf tolerance in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Zhu S Kolb FL Kaeppler HF 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,106(7):1300-1306
Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is one of the most important viral diseases in small grains, including oat (Avena sativa L.). Breeding for BYD tolerance is an effective and efficient means to control the disease. Characterization of major sources of tolerance, and identification of marker and the trait associations, will directly benefit breeding for BYD tolerance. Genomic regions underlying BYD tolerance were mapped and characterized in an oat population consisting of 152 recombinant inbred lines from the cross of 'Ogle' (tolerant)/MAM17-5 (sensitive). Tolerance was evaluated in replicated field trials across 2 years under artificial inoculation with viruliferous aphids harboring BYD virus isolate PAV-IL. Composite interval mapping was used for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analysis with a framework map consisting of 272 molecular markers. Four QTLs, BYDq1, BYDq2, BYDq3 and BYDq4, for BYD tolerance were identified on linkage groups OM1, 5, 7 and 24, respectively. All but BYDq2 were consistently detected across both years. Significant epistasis was found between some QTLs. The final model including the epistatic effect explained 50.3 to 58.2% of the total phenotypic variation for BYD tolerance. Some QTLs for BYD tolerance were closely linked to QTLs for plant height and days to heading. Potential problems with QTL mapping for BYD tolerance have been discussed. The identified association of markers and tolerance should be useful to pyramid favorable alleles for BYD tolerance into individual oat lines. 相似文献
2.
Thomas Lüpken Nils Stein Dragan Perovic Antje Habekuß Albrecht Serfling Ilona Krämer Urs Hähnel Burkhard Steuernagel Uwe Scholz Ruvini Ariyadasa Mihaela Martis Klaus Mayer Rients E. Niks Nicholas C. Collins Wolfgang Friedt Frank Ordon 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2014,33(2):477-488
Barley yellow dwarf disease (BYD) is transmitted by aphids and is caused by different strains of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV). Economically it is one of the most important diseases of cereals worldwide. Besides chemical control of the vector, growing of tolerant/resistant cultivars is an effective way of protecting crops against BYD. The Ryd3 gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) confers tolerance to BYDV-PAV and BYDV-MAV and the locus was previously mapped on the short arm of barley chromosome 6H near the centromere. We applied a strategy for high-resolution mapping and marker saturation at the Ryd3 locus by exploiting recent genomic tools available in barley. In a population of 3,210 F2 plants, 14 tightly linked markers were identified, including 10 that co-segregated with Ryd3. The centromeric region where Ryd3 is located suffers suppressed recombination or reduced recombination rate, suggesting potential problems in achieving (1) map-based cloning of Ryd3 and (2) marker selection of the resistance in breeding programmes without the introduction of undesirable traits via linkage drag. 相似文献
3.
Pathogenicity of three RPV isolates of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on barley, wheat and wheat alien addition lines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barleys with and without the Yd2 resistance factor, wheat alien addition stocks with other barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance factors and true wheats were challenged with three Australian isolates of BYDV-RPV. Yd2 resistance was effective against two of the BYDV-RPV isolates and inoculated barleys which carry Yd2 did not develop BYD symptoms and shoot growth was not affected. However, barleys with Yd2 were susceptible to the third BYDV-RPV isolate. All barley lines inoculated with the third virus isolate developed typical BYD symptoms (yellowing), shoot growth was reduced compared to uninfected controls and virus titres determined by ELISA were high and similar in barleys with and without Yd2. In contrast, resistances from Thinopyrum intermedium and Agropyron pulcherrimum in wheat backgrounds were effective against all three BYDV-RPV isolates. Shoot growth of inoculated plants with either of these resistance factors did not differ from uninfected controls and virus titres determined by ELISA were very low. 相似文献
4.
Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping of Morphological, Resistance, and Other Agronomically Relevant Traits in Modern Spring Barley Cultivars 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A. T. W. Kraakman F. Martínez B. Mussiraliev F. A. van Eeuwijk R. E. Niks 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2006,17(1):41-58
A set of 148 modern spring barley cultivars was explored for the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between genes governing
traits and nearby marker alleles. Associations of agronomically relevant traits (days to heading, plant height), resistance
traits (leaf rust, barley yellow dwarf virus (BYD)), and morphological traits (rachilla hair length, lodicule size) with AFLP
markers and SSR markers were found. Known major genes and QTLs were confirmed, but also new putative QTLs were found. The
LD mapping clearly indicated the common occurrence of Rph3, a gene for hypersensitivity resistance against Puccinia hordei, and also confirmed the QTL Rphq2 for prolonging latency period of P. hordei in seedlings. We also found strong indication for a hitherto not reported gene for resistance or tolerance to BYD on chromosome
2, linked to SSR marker HVM054. Our conclusion is that LD mapping is a valuable additional tool in the search for applicable
marker associations with major genes and QTLs.
Electronic supplementary material Electronic supplementary material is available for this article at
and accessible for authorised users. 相似文献
5.
Xi Liang Mahnaz Rashidi Christopher W. Rogers Juliet M. Marshall William J. Price Arash Rashed 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2019,167(2):98-107
Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is one of the most common diseases of cereal crops, caused by the phloem‐limited, cereal aphid‐borne Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) (Luteoviridae). Delayed planting and controlling aphid vector numbers with insecticides have been the primary approaches to manage BYD. There is limited research on nitrogen (N) application effects on plant growth, N status, and water use in the BYDV pathosystem in the absence of aphid control. Such information will be essential in developing a post‐infection management plan for BYDV‐infected cereals. Through a greenhouse study, we assessed whether manipulation of N supply to BYDV‐infected winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), in the presence or absence of the aphid vector Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), could improve N and/or water uptake, and subsequently promote plant growth. Similar responses of shoot biomass and of water and N use efficiencies to various N application rates were observed in both BYDV‐infected and non‐infected plants, suggesting that winter wheat plants with only BYDV infection may be capable of outgrowing infection by the virus. Plants, which simultaneously hosted aphids and BYDV, suffered more severe symptoms and possessed higher virus loads than those infected with BYDV only. Moreover, in plants hosting both BYDV and aphids, aphid pressure was positively associated with N concentration within plant tissue, suggesting that N application and N concentration within foliar tissue may alter BYDV replication indirectly through their influence on aphid reproduction. Even though shoot biomass, tissue N concentration, and water use efficiency increased in response to increased N application, decision‐making on N fertilization to plants hosting both BYDV and aphids should take into consideration the potential of aphid outbreak and/or the possibility of reduced plant resilience to environmental stresses due to decreased root growth. 相似文献
6.
Hadi BA Flanders KL Bowen KI Murphy JF Halbert SE 《Journal of economic entomology》2011,104(4):1167-1173
Yellow dwarf is a major disease problem of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., in Alabama and is estimated to cause yield loss of 21-42 bu/acre. The disease is caused by a complex of viruses comprising several virus species, including Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV. Several other strains have not yet been classified into a specific species. The viruses are transmitted exclusively by aphids (Hemiptera:Aphididae). Between the 2005 and 2008 winter wheat seasons, aphids were surveyed in the beginning of each planting season in several wheat plots in Alabama and western Florida Collected aphids were identified and bioassayed for their yellow dwarf virus infectivity. This survey program was designed to identify the aphid species that serve as fall vectors of yellow dwarf virus into winter wheat plantings. From 2005 to 2008, bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.); rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki); and greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), were found consistently between October and December. The species of aphids and their timing of appearance in wheat plots were consistent with flight data collected in North Alabama between 1996 and 1999. Both R. padi and R. rufiabdominale were found to carry and transmit Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV. The number of collected aphids and proportion of viruliferous aphids were low. Although this study has shown that both aphids are involved with introduction of yellow dwarf virus to winter wheat in Alabama and western Florida, no conclusions can be made as to which species may be the most important vector of yellow dwarf virus in the region. 相似文献
7.
A single copy of a virus-derived transgene encoding hairpin RNA gives immunity to barley yellow dwarf virus 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Barley yellow dwarf virus–PAV (BYDV-PAV) is the most serious and widespread virus of cereals worldwide. Natural resistance genes against this luteovirus give inadequate control, and previous attempts to introduce synthetic resistance into cereals have produced variable results. In an attempt to generate barley with protection against BYDV-PAV, plants were transformed with a transgene designed to produce hairpin (hp)RNA containing BYDV-PAV sequences. From 25 independent barley lines transformed with the BYDV-PAV hpRNA construct, nine lines showed extreme resistance to the virus and the majority of these contained a single transgene. In the progeny of two independent transgenic lines, inheritance of a single transgene consistently correlated with protection against BYDV-PAV. This protection was rated as immunity because the virus could not be detected in the challenged plants by ELISA nor recovered by aphid feeding experiments. In the field, BYDV-PAV is sometimes associated with the related luteovirus Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV). When the transgenic plants were challenged with BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV together, the plants were susceptible to CYDV-RPV but immune to BYDV-PAV. This shows that the immunity is virus-specific and not broken down by the presence of CYDV. It suggests that CYDV-RPV does not encode a silencing-suppressor gene or that its product does not protect BYDV-PAV against the plant's RNAi-like defence mechanism. Either way, our results indicate that the BYDV-PAV immunity will be robust in the field and is potentially useful in minimizing losses in cereal production worldwide. 相似文献
8.
A single wheatgrass chromosome reduces the concentration of barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R. I. S. BRETTELL P. M. BANKS Y. CAUDERON X. CHEN Z. M. CHENG P. J. LARKIN P. M. WATERHOUSE 《The Annals of applied biology》1988,113(3):599-603
Seedlings of a series of addition or substitution lines of wheat containing different Thinopyrum intermedium chromosomes were inoculated with the PAV and RPV serotypes of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Reduced virus titres in infected plants were ascribed to a single pair of homoeologous group 7 chromosomes from Th. intermedium in the disomic addition lines L1 and TAF 2. The group 7 chromosome is associated with red pigmentation of coleoptiles, which was also observed in two lines ditelosomic for the α arm of the chromosome. However, when infected with the PAV serotype of BYDV, the ditelosomic lines had normal virus titres and it is concluded that potential determinants of BYDV resistance are located on the β arm of the Group 7 chromosome. 相似文献
9.
Frank Ordon Antje Habekuss Ute Kastirr Frank Rabenstein Thomas Kühne 《Journal of Phytopathology》2009,157(9):535-545
In cereals, soil-borne viruses transmitted by the plasmodiophorid Polymyxa graminis (e.g., Barley mild mosaic virus , Barley yellow mosaic virus or Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus ), have increased in importance due to the increase of the acreage infested and because yield losses cannot be prevented by chemical measures. Due to global warming, it is also expected that insect transmitted viruses vectored by aphids (e.g., Barley yellow dwarf virus , Cereal yellow dwarf virus ), leafhoppers ( Wheat dwarf virus ) or mites (e.g., Wheat streak mosaic virus ), will become much more important even in cooler regions. The environmentally most sound and also most cost effective approach to prevent high yield losses caused by these viruses is breeding for resistance. Therefore, in contrast to other reviews on cereal viruses, this study briefly reviews present knowledge on cereal-infecting viruses and emphasizes especially the sources of resistance or tolerance to these viruses and their use in molecular breeding schemes. 相似文献
10.
The aphid Schizaphis graminum is an important vector of the viruses that cause barley yellow dwarf disease. We studied the genetic architecture of virus transmission by crossing a vector and a non-vector genotype of S. graminum. F1 and F2 hybrids were generated, and a modified line-cross biometrical analysis was performed on transmission phenotype of two of the viruses that cause barley yellow dwarf: Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV)-RPV and Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-SGV. Our aims were to (1) determine to what extent differences in transmission ability between vectors and non-vectors is due to net additive or non-additive gene action, (2) estimate the number of loci that determine transmission ability and (3) examine the nature of genetic correlations between transmission of CYDV-RPV and BYDV-SGV. Only additive effects contributed significantly to divergence in transmission of both CYDV-RPV and BYDV-SGV. For each luteovirus, Castle-Wright's estimator for the number of effective factors segregating for transmission phenotype was less than one. Transmission of CYDV-RPV and BYDV-SGV was significantly correlated in the F2 generation, suggesting that there is a partial genetic overlap for transmission of these luteoviruses. Yet, 63% of the F2 genotypes transmitted CYDV-RPV and BYDV-SGV at significantly different rates. Our data suggest that in S. graminum, the transmission efficiency of both CYDV-RPV and BYDV-SGV is regulated by a major gene or set of tightly linked genes, and the transmission efficiency of each virus is influenced by a unique set of minor genes. 相似文献
11.
12.
Fangpu Han Xiangqi Zhang Xiuling Bu Mengyuan He Shui Hao Youzhi Ma Zhiyong Xin 《中国科学C辑(英文版)》1998,41(4):367-371
The Karyotyp of the primary wheat-whastgrass alien addition line TAI-27 was 2n = 44 in which all d the chromosomes were metacentric and subrmetacentric. However, in the progeny of TAI-27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomea in the two morphologically different plants. Fluorescence in situ hybridizstionm (FISH) technique was used to analyze the two different plants. The observations indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one varietion line are from wheatgrass. In another variation line, a pair of small chromosomes are also from whest-grass, while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes. TAI-27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The pessible explanation for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly. 相似文献
13.
L. Ayala M. Henry D. González-de-León M. van Ginkel A. Mujeeb-Kazi B. Keller M. Khairallah 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(6-7):942-949
Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is the most important viral disease of small cereal grains. True resistance to the disease is not
found in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but it has been introgressed from Thinopyrum intermedium (Ti) on chromosome 7DL of recombinant wheat lines designated TC. The objectives of our study were to identify a high through-put
scoring tool for the presence of the translocated Th. intermedium fragment and to assess its suitability for evaluating resistance to BYDV in segregating populations. Segregation of the Ti fragment was followed in the F2 population of an Anza (bread wheat) by TC14/2*Spear (TC14) cross. Resistance to BYDV isolates PAV-Mex and MAV-Mex in F3, F4, and F5 populations was evaluated under field and/or greenhouse conditions by measuring the virus titers of infected plants using
ELISA, and the number of infected plants per plot. The SSR marker gwm37 was polymorphic for the translocation. In F4 lines it was associated with the physical presence of an intact translocation on chromosome 7DL and with low virus titers
of BYDV-PAV. Reductions in virus titer of 27% and 55% in the F3 and 18% and 45% in the F5 populations were observed when the fragment was present in the heterozygous and homozygous states, respectively, confirming
a dosage effect of the resistance allele. A lower proportion of infected individuals in the field was associated with the
presence of the fragment, indicating a mechanism that may interfere with aphid feeding or virus translocation within infected
plants. Despite significant differences between groups with and without the fragment, the OD values of infected lines overlapped,
and it was not possible to definitively detect the fragment based solely on ELISA. We conclude that gwm37 is a reliable marker for the Ti translocation that will allow efficient detection of the translocation in breeding populations and greatly assist in selecting
BYDV-resistant wheats in the absence of the disease.
Received: 13 April 2000 / Accepted: 9 August 2000 相似文献
14.
15.
Variation of wheatgrass chromosomes in wheat-wheatgrass alien addition line "TAI-27"revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HAN FangpuZHANG Xiangqi BU XiulingHE MengyuanHAO ShuiMA Youzhi XIN Zhiyong 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》1998,41(4):367-371
The Karyotyp of the primary wheat-whastgrass alien addition line TAI-27 was 2n = 44 in which all d the chromosomes were metacentric
and subrmetacentric. However, in the progeny of TAI-27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomea in the two morphologically
different plants. Fluorescence in situ hybridizstionm (FISH) technique was used to analyze the two different plants. The observations
indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one varietion line are from wheatgrass. In another variation line, a pair of
small chromosomes are also from whest-grass, while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes.
TAI-27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The pessible explanation
for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly. 相似文献
16.
Boulila M 《Biochimie》2011,93(2):242-253
In an effort to enhance the knowledge on molecular evolution of currently the known members of the families Luteoviridae and Tymoviridae, in-depth molecular investigations in the entire genome of 147 accessions retrieved from the international databases, were carried out. Two algorithms (RECCO and RDP version 3.31β) adapted to the mosaic structure of viruses were utilized. The recombination frequency along the sequences was dissected and demonstrated that the three virus genera of the family Luteoviridae comprise numerous members subjected to recombination. It has pointed out that the major viruses swapped a few but long genomic segments. In addition, in Barley yellow dwarf virus, heredity material might be exchanged between two different serotypes. Even more, putative recombination events occurred between two different genera. Based on Fisher’s Exact Test of Neutrality, positive selection acting on protein expression was detected only in the poleroviruses Cereal yellow dwarf virus, Potato leafroll virus and Wheat yellow dwarf virus. In contrast, several components of the family Tymoviridae were highly recombinant. Genomic portion exchange arose in many positions consisting of short fragments. Furthermore, no positive selection was detected. The evolutionary history showed, in the Luteoviridae, that all screened isolates split into three clusters corresponding to the three virus genera forming this family. Moreover, in the serotype PAV of Barley yellow dwarf virus, two major clades corresponding to PAV-USA and PAV-China, were delineated. Similarly, in the Tymoviridae, all analyzed isolates fell into four groups corresponding to the three virus genera composing this family along with the unclassified Tymoviridae. Inferred phylogenies reshuffled the existing classification and showed that Wheat yellow dwarf virus-RPV was genetically closely related to Cereal yellow dwarf virus and the unclassified Tymoviridae Grapevine syrah virus-1 constituted an integral part of the genus Marafivirus. 相似文献
17.
Previous studies on the occurrence of “barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) disease” in South Africa have led to the conclusion that, although this virus is present, the main causative agent of “yellow dwarf” disease in cereals appears to be the unrelated brome mosaic virus (BMV). In this study, material from South Africa, Britain and Australia that had been identified symprtomatically as being infected with BYDV, was found by serological testing to contain BMV. No BYDV could be detected in the same samples. This report discusses the hazards of relying on symptom expression for the diagnosis of a common world-wide disease problem. 相似文献
18.
Royer TA Giles KL Nyamanzi T Hunger RM Krenzer EG Elliot NC Kindler SD Payton M 《Journal of economic entomology》2005,98(1):95-102
The effects of planting date and application rate of imidacloprid for control of Schizaphis graminum Rondani, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae), and barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in hard red winter wheat were studied. The first experiment was conducted from 1997 to 1999 at two locations and consisted of three planting dates and four rates of imidacloprid-treated seed. The second experiment was conducted from 2001 to 2002 in Stillwater, OK, and consisted of two varieties of hard red winter wheat seed and four rates of imidacloprid. Aphid densities, occurrence of BYDV, yield components, and final grain yield were measured, and yield differences were used to estimate the economic return obtained from using imidacloprid. In the first study, aphid populations responded to insecticide rate in the early and middle plantings, but the response was reduced in the late planting. Yields increased as insecticide rate increased but did not always result in a positive economic return. In the second study, imidacloprid seed treatments reduced aphid numbers and BYD occurrence, protected yield, and resulted in a positive economic return. The presence of aphids and BYDV lowered yield by reducing fertile head density, total kernel weight, and test weight. Whereas the application of imidacloprid seed treatments often provided positive yield protection, it did not did not consistently provide a positive economic return. A positive economic return was consistently obtained if the cereal aphid was carrying and transmitting BYDV and was more likely to occur if wheat was treated with a low rate if imidacloprid and planted in a "dual purpose" planting date window. 相似文献
19.
20.
Baiyangdian (BYD) virus is a recently-identified mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes severe disease in ducks, with extremely rapid transmission, up to 15% mortality within 10 days and 90% reduction in egg production on duck farms within 5 days of infection. Because of the zoonotic nature of flaviviruses, the characterization of BYD virus and its epidemiology are important public health concerns. Here, we develop a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of this novel virus. We validate the model against BYD outbreak data collected from duck farms in Southeast China, as well as experimental data obtained from an animal facility. Based on our model, the basic reproductive number of BYD virus is high (R(0) = 21) indicating that this virus is highly transmissible, consistent with the dramatic epidemiology observed in BYDV-affected duck farms. Our results indicate that younger ducks are more vulnerable to BYD disease and that ducks infected with BYD virus reduce egg production (to about 33% on average) for about 3 days post-infection; after 3 days infected ducks are no longer able to produce eggs. Using our model, we predict that control measures which reduce contact between mosquitoes and ducks such as mosquito nets are more effective than insecticides. 相似文献