共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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为了弄清什么是公立医院的管理体制,公立医院管理体制改革的对象是什么等问题,通过系统阅读和整理若干文献, 认为:公立医院管理体制改革不是简单的“管办分开”,其本身并非改革的目的,而只是完善公立医院管理体制的手段;也不等于单纯地建立医院管理理事会。改革我国公立医院陈旧落后的管理体制就是要做到:在公立医院的外部治理上,转变政府职能,实现政府的宏观规划监管职能与微观经营管理职能分开,让医院获得经营管理的自主权;在公立医院的内部治理上,建立以医院管理理事会为核心的法人治理结构,在公立医院拥有充分自主权的前提下,实现公立医院的决策权、执行权与监督权的独立与相互制衡。 相似文献
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民办医院虚假非营利问题的经济原因是为了躲避较重的税费负担。其制度原因则是其法人治理结构与财务监管存在缺陷,以至其违反不分配约束的行为难以得到有效遏制。为解决这一问题,除应调整相关税费政策外,在治理结构方面,应完善公权力机构对民办非营利医院法人治理结构的干预措施,或扩大监事会权限以强化其内部监督机制;在财务监管方面,应明确此类医院应披露的财务信息,同时创造有利条件,使税务部门得以通过有效地税务监管来实现对此类医院有效的财务监管。 相似文献
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自县级公立医院改革试点以来,在各领域都有所探索并形成初步的改革思路。但是,在改革中仍有不少关键问题未得到解决,诸如:改革的多元顶层设计思路、补偿机制的持续性与稳定性、地方政府财政压力加重、医院管理体制机制改革未能协同进行、调动和保障医务人员积极性的机制亟待完善、医疗服务定价无法体现医疗服务价值、人才队伍建设滞后、医保基金的使用等。建议下一步县级公立医院改革应在多元化、多层次的顶层设计指导下,坚持公益性与医院经营效益相结合,建立县级公立医院的现代医院管理制度。改革要从创新人力资本管理机制、完善破除“以药补医”后的补偿机制和配套措施、推进法人治理和政事分开、加强医保基金对居民医疗需求的引导、加快医院信息化建设等方向上寻求突破。 相似文献
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Based on the policy background of China “13th Five-Year Environmental Protection Plan”, this paper empirically explores the influences of external corporate features and internal governance structure on the score of environmental responsibility (ER) rating. It is concluded that the score of ER rating is positively related to corporate scale and concentration of shareholding. Besides, the findings show that the score of ER rating of heavy pollution industry is significantly lower than that of other industries. The government in China should improve the supervision system of ER information disclosure so as to drive enterprises to earnestly fulfill their social responsibility. 相似文献
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The actual use of sustainability indicators and their steering potential is constrained by the particularities of governance contexts, by institutional patterns and changes, by the different interpretations of what sustainable development means and entails, and by the tensions around the main values nurturing the positions of the most relevant actors. This paper proposes a normative conceptual framework to further explore the role of sustainability indicators in local governance contexts, and applies it to the Portuguese municipality of Palmela. It aims to contribute to a better understanding of how, why and in what circumstances the processes of developing and using indicators can be important steering mechanisms for governance for sustainability, particularly at the local level. The methods used include primary literature review and official documents and data, interviews to local public officers and qualitative analysis. Palmela provides insights on concrete government achievements through the implementation of sustainability indicators, but clearly shows how they are insufficient to foster innovative governance arrangements for sustainability. The normative framework enables the identification of successes and failures of developing and using sustainability indicators in improving local governance and ultimately in helping to achieve sustainability goals. 相似文献
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《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》制定了未来一段时期全球范围内生物多样性保护的重要行动,包括将生物多样性及其多重价值纳入经济和社会活动的主流。中国作为联合国《生物多样性公约》(CBD)缔约方之一,在持续推进生物多样性主流化方面作出了不懈努力且成效显著。该文通过探讨解析生物多样性主流化的概念内涵,梳理总结我国生物多样性主流化的具体实践和阶段成效,对标《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》目标,围绕政府、企业、公众不同行为主体,提出新时期我国全方位推进生物多样性主流化的4个主要实施路径:(1)引入统一的行动框架;(2)发挥政府治理的主导作用;(3)联动企业采取共同行动;(4)提高公众意识以促进其广泛参与,致力于将生物多样性融入各级政府部门政策机制及社会生产生活实践活动中,为完善生物多样性治理决策提供参考。 相似文献
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Road building, land use and climate change: prospects for environmental governance in the Amazon 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Perz S Brilhante S Brown F Caldas M Ikeda S Mendoza E Overdevest C Reis V Reyes JF Rojas D Schmink M Souza C Walker R 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2008,363(1498):1889-1895
Some coupled land-climate models predict a dieback of Amazon forest during the twenty-first century due to climate change, but human land use in the region has already reduced the forest cover. The causation behind land use is complex, and includes economic, institutional, political and demographic factors. Pre-eminent among these factors is road building, which facilitates human access to natural resources that beget forest fragmentation. While official government road projects have received considerable attention, unofficial road building by interest groups is expanding more rapidly, especially where official roads are being paved, yielding highly fragmented forest mosaics. Effective governance of natural resources in the Amazon requires a combination of state oversight and community participation in a 'hybrid' model of governance. The MAP Initiative in the southwestern Amazon provides an example of an innovative hybrid approach to environmental governance. It embodies a polycentric structure that includes government agencies, NGOs, universities and communities in a planning process that links scientific data to public deliberations in order to mitigate the effects of new infrastructure and climate change. 相似文献
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医疗机构混合所有制是当前热点之一。文章通过对混合所有制及混合所有制医院概念与内涵的阐述,提出了混合所有制在医疗卫生领域的实现形式,并从理论上分析其可能对医院产生的影响。同时,以浙江Z医院为例,通过其改制前后变化和同地区规模最大、综合实力最强的R医院作了对比分析,发现其在社会效益、成本效率、服务质量和治理结构方面均取得了成功。最后,剖析了混合所有制改革能够在医疗卫生领域取得成功的原因,从而得出结论:医疗机构混合所有制改革应坚持公益性,建立科学的法人治理结构和良好的制度保障。 相似文献