蜡菊花的化学成分研究

从菊科植物蜡菊(Helichrysum bracteatumVent)花的乙醇提取物中分离出11个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为subscandenin(1),江户樱花苷(2),圣草素5-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(3),pyracanthoside(4),槲皮素(5),木犀草素(6),柯伊利素(7),异荭草素(8),咖啡酸(9),piperitol(10),4-hydroxymethyl-1-methoxycarbonylazulene(11)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

类芒齿黄芪地下部分化学成分研究

为了解类芒齿黄芪( Astragalus camptodontoides)主要化学成分,从其地下部分甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位分离出19个单体化合物,通过现代波谱分析及理化性质等手段分别鉴定为异补骨脂黄酮(1),4′-hydroxy-isolonchocarpin (2),5-去氧山豆根黄酮(3),shinflavanone (4),khonklonginols H (5),4′-O-methylpreglabridin (6),3′-hydroxy-4′-O-methylglabridin (7),4′-O-methylglabridin (8),8-prenyl-phaseollinisoflavan (9),xambioona (10),光甘草酚(11),粗毛甘草素H (12),methylnissolin (13),邻苯二甲酸异丁酯(14),邻苯二甲酸丁酯异丁酯(15),β-谷甾醇(16),胡萝卜苷(17),齐墩果酸(18),(2S,3S,4R,9E)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[(2′R)-2′- hydr-oxytetraco-sanoylamino]-9-octadecene (19)。化合物1~19均为首次从该植物中获得,化合物1~7为首次从黄芪属(Astraga-lus)植物中分离得到。     

艾纳香化学成分的研究

从艾纳香(Blumea balsamifera DC.)中分离得到12个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析分别鉴定为;商路素(1),花椒油素(2),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮(3),5,7-二羟基色原酮(4),金丝桃苷(5),异槲皮苷(6),3′,4′,5,7-四羟基-3-甲氧基黄酮(7),槲皮素(8),槲皮素-3′-甲氧基-3-O-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(9),4′,5,7-三羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基黄酮(10),3,5,7-三羟基-3′,4′-二甲氧基黄酮(11),木犀草素(12).其中,化合物3-7和9- 11为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

木荷茎皮化学成分研究

综合使用硅胶柱色谱、HP20大孔树脂柱色谱、ODS反相柱色谱及Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等色谱技术对木荷(Schima superba)茎皮进行分离纯化,并根据化合物理化性质以及应用MS、NMR技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。从木荷中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为三十烷酸(1)、棕榈酸(2)、Dodecanoic acid(3)、松脂素(4)、槲皮素(5)、山柰酚(6)、Americanin A(7)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)及槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(9)。化合物1～4 为首次从木荷中分离得到,化合物5、7、9 为首次从木荷属植物中分离得到。     

白叶香茶菜中的紫罗兰酮衍生物

从白叶香茶菜Isodon leucophyllus(Dunn)Kudo地上部分的丙酮提取物中,分离得到1个新的紫罗兰酮类化合物和6个黄酮类化合物,经IR,UV,MS,NMR波谱数据分析,其结构分别确定为：13—羧基布卢姆醇C(1),5,7,3′,4′—四甲氧基黄酮(2),线蓟素(3),5—羟基—6,7,3′,4′—四甲氧基黄酮(4),3′—羟基—5,7,8,4′—四甲氧基黄酮(5),异甜橙素(6)和异槲皮素(7)。其中,化合物2—7均为首次从该植物中得到。     

艾纳香中的黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

本文对艾纳香Blumea balsamifera DC.叶中的黄酮类成分及其抗氧化与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性进行了研究。从艾纳香叶中分离得到9个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为:4'-甲氧基二氢槲皮素(1),柽柳黄素(2),3,3'-二甲氧基槲皮素(3),7,4'-二甲氧基二氢槲皮素(4),(2α,3β)-二氢鼠李素(5),艾纳香素(6),sterubin(7),enodicytol(8),二氢槲皮素(9)。化合物3、5、8为首次从艾纳香中分离得到。分别用DPPH法和PNPG法筛选化合物的抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果表明化合物2、5~9表现出强抗氧化活性;化合物1~3、5、9表现有较高的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。该结果为艾纳香的品质评价和深度开发利用提供了理论依据。     

构树皮中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的成分

本文报道构树皮中α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的分离鉴定。构树皮的乙醇浸膏通过溶剂萃取以及各种柱层析方法分离纯化得到6个化合物,通过波谱学方法鉴定为:broussonetine A(1),broussonetinine A(2),brous-sonetinine B(3),黑立脂素苷(liriodendrin)(4),butyrospermyl acetate(5)以及胡萝卜苷(6)。所有化合物均首次从构树中分离得到,其中1~3具有较强抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性,IC50有分别为0.530、0.445和0.460mg/mL。     

尾叶香茶菜水溶性部位化学成分研究

采用XAD16N大孔树脂、HW-40C凝胶柱和硅胶柱等色谱手段,从长白山产尾叶香茶菜甲醇提取物的水溶性部位中纯化得到山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(1)、芦丁(2)、异槲皮苷(3)、槲皮素-7-O-鼠李糖苷(4)、金樱子皂苷A(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6)、咖啡酸(7)、槲皮素(8)和熊果酸(9),其中化合物1,4,5,7,8为首次从尾叶香茶菜中分离得到,化合物1和5为首次从该属中分离得到。     

艾纳香黄酮类化学成分的研究(英文)

从艾纳香(Blumea balsamiferaDC.)的地上部分中分离得到13个黄酮类化合物,经鉴定分别为5,7-二羟基-3,3′,4′-三甲氧基黄酮(1),3,5,3′,4′-四羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(2),4,2′,4′-三羟基双氢查尔酮(3),儿茶素(4),阿亚黄素(5),davidioside(6),二氢槲皮素-7,4′-二甲醚(7),艾纳香素(8),二氢槲皮素-4′-甲醚(9),3,5,3′-三羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基黄酮(10),5,7,3′,5′-四羟基二氢黄酮(11),木犀草素(12),槲皮素(13)。其中化合物1和3~6为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

新疆甘草化学成分研究

从新疆甘草(GlycyrrhizauralensisFisch.)根中分离得到5个化合物,分别鉴定为:槲皮素(1)、甘草次酸(2)、阿魏酸(3)、5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-7-葡萄糖基二氢黄酮醇(4)、8,5′-二羟基3′α-鼠李糖黄酮(5)。其中化合物4,5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.