Ten polymorphic microsatellite markers for Scaphoideus titanus,the vector of flavescence dorée phytoplasma

The leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus is a vector of flavescence dorée phytoplasma, the causal agent of the most important grapevine yellow disease in European vineyards. Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed from a genomic library enriched for AC and AG repeats. Levels of polymorphism were evaluated in 106 individuals from S. titanus European and American populations. An average of 16 alleles per locus was detected and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.141 to 0.813. Cross‐species amplification was successful in four other Cicadellidae species. These 10 microsatellites are valuable markers for population genetic and phylogeographical studies of S. titanus.     

Spring dispersal ofSitona lineatus: The use of aggregation pheromone traps for monitoring

The spring dispersal ofSitona lineatus L. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) was investigated on a Danish farm.S. lineatus dispersed by flight in the early spring on sunny, calm days with temperatures above ca. 15°C. Two thirds of the population ofS. lineatus dispersed from perennial leguminous crops (clover and lucerne) in the first period of flight activity. The next dispersal did not occur until one month later despite several intermediate flight activity periods. The first period of dispersal occurred before the germination of the spring sown summer host crop,Vicia faba L. The field bean crop was infested in three later invasions during a period of more than three weeks. The aggregation pheromone, 4-methyl-3,5-heptanedione, had a significant effect on captures of both males and females in cone traps placed on the ground. There was no effect of the pheromone on captures in yellow sticky traps placed 1.5 m above ground. The pheromone effect is discussed in relation to behavioural observations. Both types of traps may be used in a survey system for monitoring spring dispersal ofS. lineatus and optimal timing of insecticide spraying. However, the pheromone cone traps were highly specific whereas all kinds of flying insects were caught in the yellow sticky traps, thus making the latter traps less suitable for monitoring.     

Efficient monitoring of maize orange leafhopper, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cicadulina bipunctata</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and small brown planthopper, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laodelphax striatellus</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), in forage maize fields using yellow sticky traps

The monitoring of insect pests in fields of forage maize is difficult because plants are tall and grow at a high density. We investigated the effectiveness of colored sticky traps and appropriate conditions for monitoring insect pests in forage maize fields. Large numbers of the maize orange leafhopper, Cicadulina bipunctata Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), were collected during the experimental period with yellow and blue sticky traps placed in summer crop forage maize fields. A greater number of insects were trapped in yellow traps relative to blue traps. Traps located at a lower height (40 cm above the ground) attracted larger numbers of C. bipunctata, whereas L. striatellus did not demonstrate a height-dependent preference. These results indicated that yellow-colored sticky traps located at low height are effective for collecting C. bipunctata and L. striatellus simultaneously. Seasonal occurrence data obtained by the yellow sticky traps showed clearer seasonal occurrences than that obtained by two previously developed methods, suction and light traps, indicating that sticky traps are effective for monitoring the seasonal occurrence of these two insects in forage maize fields.     

Seasonal changes in the flight apparatus of winged females and sexual males of the aphid <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tuberculatus quercicola</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Tuberculatus quercicola (Matsumura) feeds on Quercus dentata Thunberg, and has mutualistic interactions with ants. Tuberculatus quercicola has two winged morphs in its life cycle, winged females appear in summer and sexual males appear in autumn. Previous studies have shown that wing loading (ratio of body volume to wing area) is higher for the winged females, because of ant attendance, resulting in extremely low dispersal. It is known that the nutritional quality of host plants is high in spring and autumn, when leaves are growing or senescent, and low in summer when leaves are mature. This study examined the effects of seasonal plant deterioration on the development of flight apparatus (wing size and flight muscle) of winged females and males. Moreover, field intercept traps were used to examine the extent of dispersal of males. The results showed that seasonal plant deterioration affected development of the flight apparatus of winged females, particularly flight muscle. Flight muscle development was significantly higher in winged males in autumn than in winged females. However, winged males were not caught in any of the traps. The different resource allocation to the flight apparatus of winged females and males is discussed.     

New insights on Flavescence dorée phytoplasma ecology in the vineyard agro‐ecosystem in southern Switzerland

Phytoplasmas associated with Flavescence dorée (FDp) grapevine disease are quarantine pathogens controlled through mandatory measures including the prompt eradication and destruction of diseased plants, and the insecticide treatments against the insect vector, the ampelophagous leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus. In the present study, a multidisciplinary approach has been applied to investigate the FDp ecological cycle in a test vineyard agro‐ecosystem in Canton Ticino, south Switzerland. Despite the scarce population density of S. titanus, a regular trend of new infections (3.4% of the total vines) through the years was observed. The leafhopper Orientus ishidae was found as the most abundant among the captured insect species known as phytoplasma vectors (245 out of 315 specimens). The population of O. ishidae was evidenced prevalently (167 specimens) in the south‐western side of the vineyard and within the neighbouring forest constituted mainly by hazel (Corylus avellana) and willow (Salix spp.). These plant species were found infected by FDp related strains (30% of analysed trees) for the first time in this study. Interestingly, O. ishidae was found to harbour FDp related strains in high percentage (26% of the analysed pools). In addition, 16SrV phytoplasma group was detected for the first time in the insect Hyalesthes obsoletus and a FDp related strain in Thamnotettix dilutior, present in low populations within the test vineyard. Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analyses of methionine aminopeptidase (map) gene sequences of FDp and related strains, here identified, revealed the great prevalence of the map‐type FD2 in grapevines (97%) and in O. ishidae pools (72%). Such a map‐type was found also in hazel and in T. dilutior, but not in S. titanus. Moreover, map‐types FD1 and FD3 were identified for the first time in Switzerland in several host plants and phytoplasma vectors, including grapevine (FD1), S. titanus (FD1) and O. ishidae (FD1 and FD3). Based on the data obtained in this study, it is reasonable to hypothesise that the ecological cycle of FDp could be related not exclusively to the grapevine‐specific feeding diet of S. titanus, but it could include other insect vector(s) and/or plant host(s). Further studies will be needed to prove the role of O. ishidae as vector able to transmit FDp from wild plants (e.g. hazel) to grapevine.     

Seasonal activity and abundance of Orosius orientalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) at agricultural sites in Southeastern Australia

Orosius orientalis is a leafhopper vector of several viruses and phytoplasmas affecting a broad range of agricultural crops. Sweep net, yellow pan trap and yellow sticky trap collection techniques were evaluated. Seasonal distribution of O. orientalis was surveyed over two successive growing seasons around the borders of commercially grown tobacco crops. Orosius orientalis seasonal activity as assessed using pan and sticky traps was characterised by a trimodal peak and relative abundance as assessed using sweep nets differed between field sites with peak activity occurring in spring and summer months. Yellow pan traps consistently trapped a higher number of O. orientalis than yellow sticky traps.     

Flight Behaviour of Merolimnic Insects from the Leutra River (Thuringia,Germany)

1. The flight behaviour of adult merolimnic insects was studied on the first order limestone stream Leutra (Thuringia, Germany) using sticky traps. The focus of the present study was on testing the colonisation cycle hypothesis of Müller (1954) and on the small-scale dispersal of adult merolimnic insects. 2. A high number of sticky traps was used to guarantee a proper statistical analysis of the data and exclude effects of the heterogeneous environment on flight behaviour. 3. The flight behaviour of Leuctra hippopus, Nemoura cambrica, Nemoura flexuosa, Protonemura nitida, Protonemura praecox (Plecoptera), and Baetis rhodani (Ephemeroptera) was studied. 4. Specific flight corridors were observed for P. praecox, Nemoura spp., L. hippopus and B. rhodani. 5. Comparison of the catches on sticky traps set perpendicular to the water showed no significant flight upstream in any of the taxa studied. Thus, the results do not support the hypothesis of the colonisation cycle.     

Colour-coded sampling: the pan trap colour preferences of oligolectic and nonoligolectic bees associated with a vernal pool plant

1. Pan traps or water traps have been used widely to sample agricultural insect pests, but no formal studies have assessed the utility of these traps as sampling devices for bees. 2. Coloured pan traps, used as flower models, can efficiently and selectively sample an oligolectic bee, Andrena (Hesperandrena) limnanthis, and other bees associated with white-flowered Limnanthes douglasii rosea. 3. Females and males of A. limnanthis unexpectedly exhibit different colour preferences. Females are strongly attracted to white and blue traps, but discriminate against yellow traps. Males prefer white traps over blue and yellow traps. Consequently, blue traps are selective for females only, while white traps are selective for both sexes. 4. Non-A. limnanthis bees were caught in significantly greater numbers in yellow than in blue or white traps. These bees included generalists, as well as specialists that are oligolectic on mostly yellow-flowered species. 5. Colour of traps had a significant effect on the numbers of A. limnanthis females and males, and non-A. limnanthis bees caught in traps. These results indicate that quantitative sampling of bees by pan trap methods can be highly sensitive to trap colour.     

Visually and olfactorily enhanced attractive devices for thrips management

‘Lure-and-infect’ is an insect pest management strategy with high potential but so far there are few examples of its application. Using traps as surrogates for auto-dissemination devices, we tested the attractiveness to naturally occurring thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of three trap types differing in colour and structure, with and without the thrips lure methyl isonicotinate (MI), and sticky plate traps as a control. The aim was to find more effective traps that could be further developed into devices for auto-dissemination and lure-and-infect of thrips. The number of thrips captured varied substantially with trap type and the presence of the MI lure. We found a high visual response to a sticky ‘white ruffle’ trap (i.e., a 30-cm-long cylindrical outline of folded fabric), compared to a commonly used blue sticky plate trap (Bug-scan) as the control. This effect was seen both in a greenhouse with roses (Rosa spp.), where we encountered western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and in a grass field, where we encountered onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, and New Zealand flower thrips, Thrips obscuratus (Crawford). In the absence of MI, the white ruffle trap caught 7–22× more thrips than the control Bug-scan trap. A similarly designed blue ruffle trap and a modified Lynfield trap caught lower thrips numbers than the white ruffle and the control Bug-scan traps. Presence of MI substantially increased the captures of T. tabaci in all three trap types in the field (2.5–18×). In the greenhouse, without MI the white ruffle trap caught 3.5–14× more thrips than the Bug-scan, blue ruffle, or modified Lynfield traps. Presence of MI increased the captures of F. occidentalis males and females in the Lynfield and blue ruffle traps (1.4–2.8×), but not in the white ruffle trap in the greenhouse (ca. 1.1×). The importance of visual and olfactory factors for the design of effective auto-dissemination and lure-and-infect strategies for thrips management is discussed.     

Visual Responses of Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) to Colored Sticky Traps on Citrus Trees

The effects of five differently-colored sticky traps in capturing adult Diaphorina citri were evaluated in citrus orchards. Trap catches of D. citri were monitored fortnightly on blue, green, red, white and yellow sticky cards placed on three citrus varieties during D. citri active flight period from April to July in south Texas. Evaluation of mean trap catches of each color by repeated measures analysis of variance produced three separate groups: yellow traps caught significantly more D. citri adults than the other four traps; red and green traps caught significantly more D. citri than blue and white traps, which were not significantly different. Although the number of adult psyllid captured on all trap types significantly increased with time during the trapping period, the performance of traps did not change with time. Trap catches were also significantly influenced by the citrus species; traps placed on lemon trees captured more D. citri than those placed on sweet orange and grapefruit, suggesting that plant preference exhibited by D. citri may influence the performance of traps. The ratio of trap reflectance between the 680 to 700 nm and the 450 nm was significantly correlated with total trap catches in all host species studied. Thus, this index was a good indicator of the attractiveness of adult D. citri to colored traps. Additionally, we compared the reflectance values of young versus mature flush shoots of the three host plants used in this study as related to densities of D. citri recorded in colored traps. We discussed the importance of visual cues in the host finding behavior of adult D. citri.     

Studies on population dynamics and spatial distribution of leafhoppers in vineyards (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)

Thirty-two species of Cicadellidae, including the Macropsinae, Agalliinae, Penthimiinae, Aphrodinae, Cicadellinae, Typhlocybinae and Deltocephalinae, 10 of which were already known as phytoplasma vectors, were captured in vineyards using yellow sticky traps. Adult population dynamics of the most abundant species of Penthimiinae and Deltocephalinae were studied over the whole growing season. Penthimia nigra was captured in May and June, Anoplotettix fuscovenosus in June-August, Fieberiella florii in August-October, Macrosteles sexnotatus in May and October, Scaphoideus titanus in July-September, Thamnotettix spp. (Th. confinis, Th. dilutior, Th. exemtus, Th. zelleri) in April-June, while Euscelidius variegatus, Neoaliturus fenestratus, Platymetopius major and Psammotettix spp. (P. alienus, P. confinis) were trapped throughout the growing season. The aggregation level of the above species was investigated by means of Taylor's power law. A. fuscovenosus showed a nearly random distribution in vineyards (0.95 < b < 1.11), while N. fenestratus, P. major and S. titanus were strongly aggregated (1.32 < b < 1.81). The other species showed intermediate levels of aggregation (1.12 > b < 1.32). The results indicate that at least six Deltocephalinae species, A. fuscovenosus, E. variegatus, F. florii, M. sexnotatus, N. fenestratus and S. titanus, known as phytoplasma vectors and commonly found in vineyards, could play a role in Grapevine Yellows (GY) epidemiology. GY transmission trials with these species are needed.     

Diffusion of the Nearctic leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball in Europe: a consequence of human trading activity

Scaphoideus titanus Ball is a Nearctic leafhopper that was introduced for the first time in Europe probably at the beginning of the 20th century. In Europe, this species is a specialist on cultivated grapevines and is of great economic importance as the vector of Flavescence dorée (FD), a Grapevine Yellows disease caused by Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis. The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed to obtain genetic information about the diffusion and the structure of S. titanus populations. Two American and 14 European populations were analysed. A total of 188 reproducible bands, obtained from three arbitrary primers, were considered to assess the amount and the pattern of genetic variation within and among leafhopper populations. American populations showed high levels of intra-population polymorphism and dissimilarity and appeared to be the most isolated of all the tested samples. The results confirm the historical role of American samples as the sources for the more recently founded European populations. RAPD analyses revealed a weak genetic structure of European samples that could probably be explained invoking the human role in their diffusion. The non-natural spreading of S. titanus across Europe is in fact attributable to the exchange of grapevine canes and grafts carrying eggs that the insect laid under the bark to overwinter.     

Reduced fitness of the leafhopper vector Scaphoideus titanus exposed to Flavescence dorée phytoplasma

Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), a specialist and univoltine leafhopper on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) (Vitaceae), is a vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDP) in vineyards of European temperate areas. Males and females of the leafhopper were exposed to FDP by feeding on infected broad bean (Vicia faba L.) (Fabaceae). Detection of FDP by the amplification of phytoplasma DNA with polymerase chain reaction assays of individual insects revealed an acquisition rate of 91.4% (96/105) after an acquisition access period of 13 days. The adult life span of FD‐exposed males and females was much less than that of leafhoppers fed on healthy broad bean, as revealed by ANOVA on the quartiles of survival distribution and Weibull scale parameter. The progeny of exposed females (number of nymphs emerging from eggs deposited on woody cane segments) was significantly less than the progeny of unexposed females. Eggs produced by FD‐exposed females were slightly but significantly delayed in hatching. Reduced fecundity was confirmed by dissecting FD‐exposed and non‐exposed 42‐day‐old females and counting the number of fully sized eggs in each leafhopper. There was no evidence of transovarial passage of FDP in the offspring of infected females after 72 nymphs were reared on a healthy grapevine until the fifth instar or adult appearance and then confined on broad bean seedlings.     

Distributions of western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and its predatory bug Orius niger (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) assessed by coloured sticky traps and plant samplings in cotton

The capturing efficiency of four coloured (yellow, green, white and blue) sticky traps, placed at the top, middle and bottom strata of cotton plants, was tested for the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and its predatory bug, Orius niger (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), as well as spatial distributions of both insects on the plant in years 2006 and 2007. The white coloured trap was the most attractive to F. occidentalis and O. niger in the 2-year study. The blue coloured trap was the least attractive for Orius. The mean numbers of F. occidentalis and O. niger on the top plant parts (flowers and leaves) and in all coloured traps positioned on the upper parts of the plants were greater than those found in the lower two strata. Taylor's power law analysis showed that F. occidentalis and O. niger adults aggregated in the flowers or on the leaves. This study suggests that top flowers could be preferentially sampled to determine population densities of Frankliniella flower thrips and Orius species in cotton, and thus, sticky traps should be placed on the top level of plants. F. occidentalis: O. niger ratios in the flowers varied from 4 to 60 thrips per Orius adult in the three plant strata. This result may indicate that F. occidentalis experiences more predation from Orius.     

Design and selection of trap color for capture of the tea leafhopper,Empoasca vitis,by orthogonal optimization

The tea leafhopper, Empoasca vitis (Göthe) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a major pest of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae). In this study, the RGB color model was used to describe the colors of sticky traps. The most effective color for attraction of E. vitis was investigated by orthogonal optimization. The selected color was verified in tea gardens and the most effective height for positioning of color sticky traps for capturing tea leafhoppers was investigated. After the determination of the effect of the three color parameters and their interactions by orthogonal optimization, the color gold (RGB: 255, 215, 0) was selected as the most effective color to trap tea leafhoppers. In tea gardens, more leafhoppers were captured using gold sticky traps (RGB: 226, 204, 4) than using commercially available yellow sticky traps. The most effective height of gold sticky traps for trapping leafhoppers was 40–60 cm above the tea canopy. Few lady beetles were captured at this height. We conclude that the orthogonal optimization method is a convenient and efficient method to screen digitally generated colors for attracting and trapping of pests.     

Attachment of the Flavescence doree pathogen (MLO) to leafhopper vectors and other insects

Flavescence doree (FD) is an important yellows disease of grapevine, caused by mycoplasma-like-organism (MLO) and is transmitted in the field by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball. It can be transmitted in the laboratory between Vicia faba test plants by the leafhopper, Euscelidius variegatus Kbm. A technique to identify a specific attachment system between the MLO and the leafhopper vectors was developed. In this method, called “Double Dot”, extracts of macerated healthy whole insects or organs applied to a support membrane or cryosections of healthy whole leafhoppers, are incubated with a MLO-enriched extract from FD-infected V. faba or FD-infected E. variegatus. Attached MLO cells were identified by immunolabelling using FD-MLO specific monoclonal antibodies. Attachment of MLO cells was obtained on extracts of healthy S. titanus and E. variegatus and on tissues such as salivary glands, hemolymph and alimentary tract. On cryosections, MLO attachment was obtained on acini IV and V of the salivary glands and on some acini III, on the ventriculus of the alimentary tract, and on the abdomen fat bodies. “Double dot” experiments were done using other insect species, and MLO cells attachment was obtained on most MLO-vector insects but also on insects from a few non-vector species.     

Alnus glutinosa and Orientus ishidae (Matsumura, 1902) share phytoplasma genotypes linked to the ‘Flavescence dorée’ epidemics

Flavescence dorée (FD) is a grapevine disease caused by associated phytoplasmas (FDp) which are epidemically spread by their main vector Scaphoideus titanus. The possible roles of alternative and secondary FDp plant hosts and vectors have gained interest in terms of better understanding of the FDp ecology and epidemiology. The findings of a survey conducted in the surroundings of three vineyards in the southern Swiss Alps aimed at studying the possible epidemiological role of the FDp secondary vector Orientus ishidae and the FDp host plant Alnus glutinosa are reported. This work demonstrates that O. ishidae is able to complete its biological cycle on A. glutinosa and to acquire FDp and 16SrV phytoplasmas very efficiently with an infection rate of 69% for the nymphal instars and 85% for the imagoes. A high prevalence of the map genotype M50 (map type FD1), which is included in the S. titanus—grapevine epidemiological cycle, was found in O. ishidae and A. glutinosa. Additionally, M12 (map type FD3), M44 and M47 were also sporadically detected. Surprisingly, the grapevines tested during this work were all infected by M54 (map type FD2) only, while the few S. titanus caught in the vineyard canopy were all FDp free. In conclusion, the occurrence of infected common alder stands and O. ishidae nearby vineyards do not seem to play a prominent role in FD epidemics in southern Switzerland. Nevertheless, wild vegetation acts as a reservoir of the FDp inoculum, which may locally trigger a FD emergence if S. titanus populations are established inside vineyards.     

The behavioural basis of a pheromone monitoring system for pea moth, Cydia nigricana

The flight and mating behaviour of the pea moth (Cydia nigricana) was studied at overwintering sites and in pea fields to see whether it could be exploited to provide early warning of adult immigration into pea crops. The field threshold temperature for take-off is 18 ^CC. Most flight activity-occurred in June and July between 16.00 and 18.00 B.S.T. with peak activity at 17.04 h. Moths were not caught in suction traps at heights above 0–4 m, but they can probably travel several km by fluttering above vegetation in winds of up to 10 km/h. Female moths produce a sex pheromone(s) highly attractive to males; ‘calling’ by females and mating occur during the period of maximum flight activity. Suction traps and egg counts detected the presence of moths in crops at about the same time. On average, sticky and water traps containing live virgin females as a lure caught respectively 17 and 130 times more males than suction traps and, on occasions, 25 and 300 times more; these attractive traps should detect the arrival of immigrants sooner than suction traps or egg counts. Extracts of virgin females dispensed from filter paper at doses of one and five female-equivalents (FE) attracted males rapidly but temporarily. Rubber dispensers with extracts of twenty FE remained attractive for 6 days. Several synthetic attractants were screened using doses of o-i mg on rubber dispensers in sticky traps. CYs-8-dodecenyl acetate and erans-8, frans-io-dodeca-dienol at doses of o-i mg were slightly attractive; the latter at doses of 1 -o mg was more attractive than twenty FE doses of extract and could be used for experimental monitoring of pea moth until its own synthetic sex pheromone(s) is available.     

Response of Trichogramma egg parasitoids to colored sticky traps

The response of Trichogramma spp. egg parasitoids to colored sticky traps was evaluated in the field during two seasons (1995/1996, 1996/1997). Traps consisted of a glass tube coated with Bird-Tanglefoot® into which colored paper was inserted or clear traps without paper. Colors tested were white, green, blue, yellow and red in the first season and white, green, yellow and black in the second season. The proportion of both female and male parasitoids caught on the sticky traps was significantly different among colors, indicating that the parasitoids actively move between plants and are not solely carried along passively by wind. White was the color most preferred by female parasitoids, followed by clear and green traps. Yellow was preferred over black but was less attractive than green. Visual cues may be used by Trichogramma spp. during the habitat location process. The color preference of male Trichogramma spp. differed significantly from females with yellow and green being more attractive than white. For all colors, more female Trichogramma spp. were caught on the sticky traps (>85% of all wasps caught), indicating a lower activity level and/or shorter lifespan for males. The use of white cylindrical sticky traps for monitoring Trichogramma spp. populations in the field is recommended.     

6种颜色粘虫板对春季菜地昆虫的诱集效应

为筛选对春季蔬菜害虫具有较好诱集效果的粘虫板,促进蔬菜害虫绿色防控技术的研究与推广,采用红色、黄色、绿色、蓝色、白色和黑色6种颜色的市售粘虫板对菜地昆虫进行诱集试验.结果显示,粘虫板诱集的害虫以尖眼蕈蚊Bradysia minpleuroti、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、端大蓟马Megalurothrips distalis和黄蓟马Thrips flavus为优势种;黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata、南美斑潜蝇Liriomyza huidobrensis、灰地种蝇Delia platura、棉蚜Aphis gossypii、小绿叶蝉Empoasca flavescens、菜粉蝶Pieris rapae为常见种.试验中蓝色粘虫板诱集的灰地种蝇的数量显著高于其它处理组(P<0.05);黄色粘虫板诱集的南美斑潜蝇、棉蚜、小绿叶蝉的数量显著高于其它处理组(P<0.05);蓝色和白色粘虫板诱集的端大蓟马、黄蓟马的数量显著高于其它处理组(P<0.05);蓝色粘虫板诱集到的尖眼蕈蚊的数量显著低于其它处理组(P<0.05).各种颜色粘虫板诱集昆虫的益害比较低,诱集益虫总数仅占诱集昆虫总数的1.64％,表明该时段使用粘虫板防治菜地害虫,对益虫伤害较小,对保护利用天敌昆虫具有重要意义.本研究结果为科学使用粘虫板防治菜地害虫提供理论依据.