The Madagascan click-beetle genus Crepicardus (Elateridae) and its relationship to the Pyrophorinae

The genus Crepicardus is endemic to Madagascar. Ten species are here recognized and redescribed; a key for their identification is given. The genus falls into three distinct species groups and one unassigned species: the klugii-group (klugii Castelnau, madagscariensis Fleutiaux, cribricollis Fleutiaux), the candezei-group (candezei Fairmaire stat.rev ., raffrayi Fairmaire, niger Candèze, puncticollis Fleutiaux), the trisulcatus-group (trisulcatus Candèze, mocquerysi Fleutiaux) and fleutiauxi Girard. Crepicardus costicollis (Castelnau) is again placed as a junior synonym of C.klugii (Castelnau) and candezei Fairmaire restored to specific status. Lectotypes are designated for klugii Castelnau, costicollis Castelnau, candezei Fairmaire, raffrayi Fairmaire, niger Candèze and mocquerysi Fleutiaux. On the basis of adult characters Crepicardus is here assigned to the Pyrophorinae sensu Stibick (1979) and its systematic position is discussed in relation to the widespread Pyrophorinae.     

Review of the flower beetle genera Neophaedimus Lucas and Herculaisia Seillière (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from East Asia

Two remarkable genera, Neophaedimus Lucas, 1870, and Herculaisia Seillière, 1910, that occur in China and Vietnam are reviewed. Neophaedimus castaneus Ma, 1989, n. syn. is regarded as a synonym of N. auzouxi Lucas, 1870. The genus Neophaedimus thus becomes monotypic again. N. auzouxi is newly recorded from Vietnam. Parameres of Herculaisia species, H. melaleuca (Fairmaire, 1899), originally described in Neophaedimus, and H. satanas Seillière, 1910, are illustrated for the first time. Presence in China of H. melaleuca, is confirmed, and its distribution in this country is specified. Color photographs of habitus and diagnostic characters for all species are provided, with comments on intraspecific variation. Lectotypes are designated for Neophaedimus melaleuca Fairmaire, 1899, and N. auzouxi Lucas, 1870, and distribution of each species is summarized.     

Generic revision of the New World tribe Hoplophorionini (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae)

Abstract. The tribe Hoplophorionini Goding, 1926, includes 105 species of treehoppers in 10 genera. All are apparently subsocial and lack mutualism with honeydew-collecting hymenopterans. In many species, parental investment in offspring is unique because of a specialized kicking defence (described herein) and construction of extra-ovipositional punctures in the host tissue through which nymphs feed. The tribe occurs from Canada to Chile, with most generic diversity in Central America but most species diversity near the equator. Three genera, Stalotypa Metcalf, Ramosella, new genus and Stirpis, new genus, are endemic to the Greater Antilles but do not constitute a monophyletic group; the first two genera appear most closely related to Turrialbia, new genus, from Costa Rica. Host plant specializations and other biological attributes are summarized for genera and species. A phylogenetic analysis of 23 hoplophorionine species produced 9 minimal-length cladograms that were similar in many respects. Potnia Stål appears to have retained the greatest number of ancestral features. Aposematic teneral coloration of adults probably evolved once. The modification of the ancestral kicking behaviour by the first hoplophorionines appears to have released them from a constraint on pronotal form. Diagnoses are given for adults of all genera and, when possible, for immatures. A key is presented for the 10 genera; three are described as New Genera based on the cladistic analysis: Ramosella, Stirpis, and Turrialbia. Three New Species are described: Ramosella thalli, Stirpis jamaicensis, and Turrialbia felina. The genus Micropepla Sakakibara is considered a junior synonym of Ochropepla Stal, New Generic Synonymy. Umbonia terribilis Walker is moved from synonymy under Alchisme virescens (Fairmaire) to a New Synonymy under Umbonia reducta Walker. The subspecies Platycotis vittata vittata (Fabricius), P. vittata lineata (Fairmaire), and P. vittata quadrivittata (Say) are returned to synonymy with Platycotis vittata (Fabricius), Reinstated Specific Synonymies. Three species are Reinstated as valid: Alchisme obscura (Walker) and A. veruta (Fowler), both from synonymy under A. turrita (Germar); and Umbonia reducta Walker, from synonymy under U. crassicomis (Amyot & Serville). Five New Combinations are proposed: Alchisme antigua (Funkhouser), referred from Umbonia; A. sordida (Germar), referred from Platycotis; A. sagittata (Germar), elevated from subspecific rank under Platycotis vittata; Ochropepla mourei (Sakakibara), referred from Micropepla; and Ramosella dominicensis (Ramos), referred from Platycotis. Platycotis nigrorufa (Walker), P. cornuta Plummer, P. salvini (Fowler), and P. fuscata (Fowler) were previously unplaced to subgenus; the first is referred to Platycotis (Lophopelta Stal) and the others to Platycotis (Platycotis Stål). Microschaema nigrostrigata Buckton is moved from synonymy under Alchisme recurva (Stål) to a New Synonymy under Ennya dorsalis (Fairmaire) of the tribe Polyglyptini, subfamily Smiliinae. A checklist with critical synonymies and indexes to hoplophorionine taxa and host plant associations are provided. Lectotypes are designated for Centrotus vittatus Fabricius, Hoplophora lineata Fairmaire, Membracis venosa Germar, Potnia affinis Buckton, and Triquetra obtusa Fowler.     

细花萤科分类概述与中国种类名录（鞘翅目：郭公总科）

介绍了细花萤科的识别特征,总结了该科分类历史,提供了属级检索表,编制了中国已知种类名录。基于标本检视信息,对一些物种地理分布地进行了补充,包括 Lobonyx guerryi (Pic, 1920)、Prionocerus bicolor Redtenbacher, 1868、P. coeruleipennis Perty,1831、Idgia deusta Fairmaire,1878和I. flavirostris Pascoe,1860。     

First record of the family Bothrideridae (Coleoptera) in Korea represented by the wood-boring beetle ectoparasite,Dastarcus helophoroides

The ectoparasitic beetle, Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire), was observed for the first time in Korea as a result of a study of the natural enemies of Monochamus alternatus Hope and M. saltuarius Gebler, the vector of the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhner)). Diagnostic illustrations are provided and the biology and host range of D. helophoroides (Fairmaire) are reviewed.     

A cladistically based reinterpretation of the taxonomy of two Afrotropical tenebrionid genera Ectateus Koch, 1956 and Selinus Mulsant & Rey, 1853 (Coleoptera,Tenebrionidae, Platynotina)

On the basis of a newly performed cladistic analysis a new classification of the representatives of two Afrotropical tenebrionid genera, Ectateus Koch, 1956 and Selinus Mulsant & Rey, 1853 sensu Iwan 2002a, is provided. Eleoselinus is described as a new genus. The genus Monodius, previously synonymized with Selinus by Iwan (2002), is redescribed and considered as a separate genus. Following new combinations are proposed: Ectateus calcaripes (Gebien, 1904), Monodius laevistriatus (Fairmaire, 1897), Monodius lamottei (Gridelli, 1954), Monodius plicicollis (Fairmaire, 1897), Eleoselinus villiersi (Ardoin, 1965) and Eleoselinus ursynowiensis (Kamiński, 2011). Neotype for Ectateus calcaripes and lectotypes for E. crenatus (Fairmaire, 1897), E. ghesquierei Koch, 1956 and Monodius malaisei malaisei Koch, 1956 are designated to fix the taxonomic status of these taxa. The following synonymies are proposed: Selinus monardi Kaszab, 1951 and Ectateus latipennis Koch, 1956 with E. crenatus (Fairmaire, 1897). Identification keys are provided to all known species of Ectateus sensu novum, Eleoselinus, Monodius and Selinus sensu novum.     

Note on the types of two Stenus‐species described by L. Fairmaire et Ph. Germain 1861 (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae)

Remarks on the species of Chilian Stenus described by Fairmaire et Germain are given, the holotype of S. anthrax was found, and a lectotype of S. pertusus is designated.     

Native parasitoids and recovery of Spathius agrili from areas of release against emerald ash borer in eastern Tennessee,USA

The parasitoid Spathius agrili Yang, introduced in the USA to suppress populations of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, has been recovered at a release site for the first time in eastern Tennessee after a single year of releases. Other native parasitoids, including Spathius floridanus Ashmead, undetermined species of Spathius (possibly Spathius elegans Matthews and Spathius parvulus Matthews) and Atanycolus cappaerti Marsh & Strazanac, also known to be associated with EAB, were recovered. These recoveries represent the first documentation of these four species, including the introduced S. agrili, associated with EAB in the southern USA. Implications for biological control efforts against EAB are discussed.     

Effects of intra‐ and inter‐specific competition on fitness of sweetpotato weevil and West Indian sweetpotato weevil

The sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) and West Indian sweetpotato weevil Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are major pests of sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., in tropical and subtropical regions. Effects of intra‐ and inter‐specific competition on the number of progeny (fecundity), body weight and developmental time of C. formicarius and E. postfasciatus were examined in single‐ and mixed‐species treatments under laboratory conditions. Cylas formicarius tended to outcompete E. postfasciatus, whereas E. postfasciatus rather than C. formicarius tolerated higher conspecific densities. We discuss the implications of the results for pest management and resource partitioning of pestiferous weevils.     

Evolution of the Malagasy endemic genus Nanos Westwood, 1842 (Coleoptera,Scarabaeidae, Epilissini)

The traditionally defined ‘Nanos group’, composed of the genera Nanos Westwood, 1842, Cambefortantus Paulian, 1986 and Apotolamprus Olsoufieff, 1947, represents the most recent Malagasy dung beetle radiation. Species in this group have been ecologically very successful with many being numerically dominant in local dung beetle communities in Madagascar. In this study the phylogenetic relationships of species in this group are inferred using molecular data from mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase I) and nuclear (rudimentary, topoisomerase I and 28S) genes.The monophyly of Apotolamprus is supported both by molecular and morphological characters, but that of Nanos, supported by only one morphological character, is questioned. Congruent species groups can be defined within Nanos on the base of morphology and molecular results. In addition to the phylogenetic study, the revision of the genus Nanos Westwood, 1842, s.l., is presented. Nanos antsihanakensis (Lebis, 1953) stat.n . is re‐established. Thirteen new species – Nanos pseudofusconitens sp.n ., Nanos magnus sp.n ., Nanos marojejyensis sp.n ., Nanos bemarahaensis sp.n ., Nanos andreiae sp.n ., Nanos mirjae sp.n ., Nanos pseudorubromaculatus sp.n ., Nanos pseudominutus sp.n ., Nanos mixtus sp.n ., Nanos ranomafanaensis sp.n ., Nanos manongorivoensis sp.n ., N. pseudoviettei sp.n . and N. constricticollis sp.n . – are described and compared with their most closely related taxa. Sphaerocanthon fallaciosus Lebis, 1953, is synonymised with Nanos fusconitens (Fairmaire, 1899) syn.n . and Nanos neoelectrinus Montreuil & Viljanen, 2007, with Nanos humeralis Paulian, 1975 syn.n . Lectotypes are designated for Epilissus fusconitens var. agaboides Boucomont, 1937, Epilissus punctatus Boucomont, 1937, Epilissus sinuatipes Boucomont, 1937, Epilissus semiscribrosus Fairmaire, 1898, Epilissus fusconitens Fairmaire, 1899, and Sphaerocanthon vadoni Lebis, 1953. Aedeagus and male pro‐ and metatibiae are illustrated for each species. This published work has been registered in Zoobank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C1F29A37‐E380‐4D87‐871F‐039227547156 .     

Initial screening of the stem-boring weevil Osphilia tenuipes, a candidate agent for the biological control of Bryophyllum delagoense in Australia

A stem-boring weevil, Osphilia tenuipes (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), from Madagascar, was screened in South Africa to determine its potential as a biological control agent for Bryophyllumdelagoense (Ecklon & Zeyher) Schinz(Crassulaceae) in Australia. Favourableattributes of the weevil include ease ofculturing, multiple generations per year, andhigh levels of damage inflicted on B. delagoense under laboratory conditions. Despite indications that O. tenuipes hasa narrow field host range, no-choice andmultiple-choice trials in quarantine revealedthat it could oviposit and develop to adulthoodon seven non-target species in the familyCrassulaceae, without an obvious loss offitness on four of those species. Despitethese results, O. tenuipes is consideredto have potential for release against B. delagoense in Australia because the continenthas very few native Crassulaceae which couldpotentially serve as alternative hosts in thefield.     

A review of the Malagasy endemic genus Cyrtolophus Fairmaire and description of Pseudocyrtolophus n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Adoretini)

Summary

After lectotype designations for both names, the synonymy between Cyrtolophus grandicornis Fairmaire, 1895 and Cyrtolophus viduus Ohaus, 1912, n. syn., is proposed. Pseudocyrtolophus n. gen. is described to accommodate Cyrtolophus limbicollis Ohaus, 1912, its type species, and a second species, Pseudocyrtolophus australis n. sp., which is described and compared to its most related species. The lectotype of Cyrtolophus limbicollis is designated. All species are illustrated. A map showing their distribution in Madagascar is given.     

Contribution à la phylogénie et la systématique des Aleocharinae hypogés d’Afrique du Nord (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

A l’occasion de la découverte d’une nouvelle espèce marocaine d’Apteranillus Fairmaire 1854: Apteranillus bichaini n. sp. provenant de l’extrémité occidentale de la chaîne de l’Atlas, de la découverte d’une nouvelle localité d’Apteranillus minosianus Lecoq & Quéinnec 2005 et de la capture du mâle de Typhlozyras camusi Jeannel 1960 jusqu’alors inconnu, toutes les espèces des genres Apteranillus, Typhlozyras et Apteraphaenops Jeannel 1907 sont redécrites et illustrées. Un tableau de détermination et une carte de répartition des genres et des espèces endogées et troglobies d’Aleocharinae d’Afrique du nord (Apteranillus, Anopsapterus, Drusilla (Apteranopsis), Apteraphaenops, Typhlozyras) sont donnés. La synonymie Apteranillus championi Bernhauer 1936=Apteranillus dohrnii Fairmaire 1854 n. syn. est établie. L’examen détaillé des caractères morphologiques des genres Typhlozyras et Apteraphaenops suggère l’appartenance de ces deux genres aux Athetini et non aux Lomechusini comme il est couramment admis jusqu’à présent, Apteraphaenops étant étroitement apparenté à Paraleptusa Peyerimhoff1901 et Typhlozyras à Geostiba Thomson 1858.     

Biology and damage traits of emerald ash borer planipennis Fairmaire）in China

Emerald ash borer （Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire） （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） is a major stem borer of ash （Fraxinus spp.）. It is univoltine in Tianjin, while it is semivoltine in Heilongjiang Province, and both univoltine and semivoltine in Changchun, Jilin Province, where the majority is univoltine. The longevity of emerald ash borer adults is 17.2 ± 4.6 days （n = 45）, eggs 9.0 5：1.1 days （n = 103）, univoltine larvae 308 days, semivoltine larvae 673 days, and pupae 61.2 ± 1.6 days （n = 45）. It takes about 100 days from the time larvae bore into the phloem to when they complete the pupal cell. In a 10-year-old velvet ash （Fraxinus velutina Tort.） plantation in Tianjin, emerald ash borer preferred to oviposit on the regions of boles from 50-150 cm above ground, accounting for 76.7% of the total girdling. Girdling on the south side of the tree boles accounted for 43.40% of the total girdling. The emerald ash borer population density is higher at the edge of the plantation compared with the center.     

A review of species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oobius</Emphasis> Trjapitzin, 1963 (Hymenoptera,Encyrtidae)—Egg parasitoids of jewel beetles,longicorn beetles (Coleoptera,Buprestidae, Cerambycidae), and robber flies (Diptera,Asilidae)

The review contains diagnosis of the genus Oobius Trjapitzin, 1963 (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), a key to the females of its 9 species described in the world fauna, and synopsis of the species with data on their distribution and hosts. Special attention is paid to an economically important species, Oobius agrili Zhang et Wang, 2005, introduced from China into USA and Canada for biological control of the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera, Buprestidae), a very dangerous pest of ashes (Fraxinus spp.). This buprestid has also recently penetrated into Russia, which necessitates introduction of its egg parasitoid, O. agrili. Coccidencyrtus pinicola Mercet, 1921 from Spain is transferred to the genus Oobius, hence a new combination, O. pinicola (Mercet), comb. n., is proposed. The lectotype of Tyndarichus rudnevi S. Nowicki, 1928 (type species of the genus Oobius) is designated in the collection of the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid and this is formally fixated in the present review. The material of Oobius has been studied in depositories of St. Petersburg, Warsaw, Madrid, and Monterrey (Mexico).     

Euserica modesta Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): a new record for a chafer insect pest attacking citrus orchards in Egypt

Many pests and diseases are widely spread and attack several plants and agricultural products. During September 2008, a new chafer insect pest, Euserica modesta Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was recorded for the first time in the south Sinai region, north of Egypt. This insect was shown to attack and destroy flowers and leaves of citrus orchards. It was identified by the Department of Classification, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. In the present study, preliminary investigations offered some information about infestation symptoms. Sites of damage in the host plant and suggested control of the pest E. modesta were described.     

A new synonym in the Tribe Blaptini (Coleoptera,Tenebrionidae)

Type specimen of Platyscelis provostii Fairmaire, 1888 has been examined and is re-described herein. The following new synonymy is established: Platyscelis provostii Fairmaire, 1888 = Itagonia ganglbaueri Schuster, 1914, syn. n.     

The Neotropical genera of Acanthocinini Blanchard, 1845 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) with the third antennomere modified

The genera of Acanthocinini which have males with antennomere III modified are discussed and redefined, a key to identify them is provided. Additionally, Alcathousites Gilmour, 1962 is proposed as a junior synonym of Xenocona Gilmour, 1960, and the following five new combinations are proposed: Xenocona asperipennis (Fairmaire & Germain, 1859) n. comb.; X. forsteri (Tippmann, 1960) n. comb.; X. penicillata (Monné, 1990) n. comb.; X. senticosa (Monné & Martins, 1976) n. comb.; and X. superstes (Erichson, 1847) n. comb. Moreover, a new species from Colombia (Huila) is described and illustrated, Xenocona antonkozlovi n. sp., and the male of X. penicillata is illustrated for the first time.