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最近研究表明,即便是处于同一种群中的微生物细胞,在基因转录和翻译、蛋白活性、以及代谢物丰度等多个水平都可能存在显著差异,说明微生物细胞间存在着多个层次上的异质性;同时,传统微生物学研究方法需要将所研究的微生物对象在实验室实现再次培养,然后对纯培养的微生物种群进行研究,这样往往造成实验室的研究结果无法真实地反映微生物细胞在自然界中的原始状态,急需发展新的原位研究手段;此外,自然界中的微生物目前只有极少部分可以在实验室中进行培养,仍有大量微生物无法通过传统方法进行发掘和研究。单细胞尺度微生物学为解决这些微生物学研究中的重要挑战提供了一种新的策略和技术思路,有望帮助我们更为直观、深入地了解每个细胞内部的状态,以及其在自然界的生理生态功能。本文对单细胞尺度微生物学研究的意义以及当前单细胞尺度微生物学的研究方法,特别是新兴的微生物单细胞组学方法进行了介绍。 相似文献
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Zhejun Chen Ting Zhang Kaiqiong Mao Xinghua Shao Yao Xu Minyan Zhu Hang Zhou Qin Wang Zhenyuan Li YuanYuan Xie Xiaodong Yuan Liang Ying Ming Zhang Jiajia Hu Shan Mou 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2021,25(10):4684-4695
Glomerulonephritis is the one of the major causes of the end-stage kidney disease, whereas the pathological process of glomerulonephritis is still not completely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) emerges to be a powerful tool to evaluate the full heterogeneity of kidney diseases. To reveal cellular gene expression profiles of glomerulonephritis, we performed scRNA-seq of 2 human kidney transplantation donor samples, 4 human glomerulonephritis samples, 1 human malignant hypertension (MH) sample and 1 human chronic interstitial nephritis (CIN) sample, all tissues were taken from the biopsy. After filtering the cells with < 200 genes and > 10% mitochondria (MT) genes, the resulting 14 932 cells can be divided into 20 cell clusters, consistently with the previous report, in disease samples dramatic immune cells infiltration was found, among which a proximal tubule (PT) subset characterized by wnt-β catenin activation and a natural killer T (NKT) subset high expressing LTB were found. Furthermore, in the cluster of the podocyte, three glomerulonephritis related genes named FXYD5, CD74 and B2M were found. Compared with the mesangial of donor, the gene CLIC1 and RPS26 were up-regulated in mesangial of IgA nephropathy(IgAN), whereas the gene JUNB was up-regulated in podocyte of IgAN in comparison with that of donor. Meanwhile, some membranous nephropathy (MN) high expressed genes such as HLA-DRB5, HLA-DQA2, IFNG, CCL2 and NR4A2, which involve in highest enrichment pathway, display the cellular-specific expression style, whereas monocyte marker of lupus nephritis (LN) named TNFSF13B was also found and interferon alpha/beta signalling pathway was enriched in B and NKT of LN comparing with donor. By scRNA-seq, we first defined the podocyte markers of glomerulonephritis and specific markers in IgA, MN and LN were found at cellular level. Furthermore, the critical role of interferon alpha/beta signalling pathway was enriched in B and NKT of LN was declared. 相似文献
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《Developmental cell》2023,58(12):1071-1086.e8
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脂肪组织是动物和人体内重要的能量储存场所,具有内分泌调节,参与免疫反应以及为机体提供机械保护等多种功能。根据解剖位置及功能,脂肪组织可分为白色脂肪组织、棕色脂肪组织、米色脂肪组织和粉色脂肪组织等类型。早期脂肪组织研究多聚焦于其形态和功能的整体特性,但随着单细胞转录组学技术的兴起,揭示了即使在相同条件下,同一种细胞类型在形态、结构、功能和基因表达等方面仍可能表现出显著的差异,即细胞异质性。单细胞转录组学技术如单细胞RNA测序和单细胞核RNA测序,能够从单细胞水平上深入分析脂肪细胞的异质性和多样性,识别可能涉及脂肪细胞功能的新细胞类型和基因表达模式。本综述深入探讨了单细胞转录组学技术在揭示脂肪组织异质性和多样性方面的新进展,并进一步讨论了其在不同细胞亚群间的通讯模式和分化轨迹研究方面的应用,以及在疾病治疗中的潜在作用,为开发新的治疗策略提供了重要指导。 相似文献
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Hyun-Bum Kim Youtao Lu Seonkyung C. Oh Jacqueline Morris Kevin Miyashiro Junhyong Kim James Eberwine Jai-Yoon Sul 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2022,298(8)
Astrocytes play a critical role in brain function, but their contribution during ethanol (EtOH) consumption remains largely understudied. In light of recent findings on the heterogeneity of astrocyte physiology and gene expression, an approach with the ability to identify subtypes and capture this heterogeneity is necessary. Here, we combined measurements of calcium signaling and gene expression to define EtOH-induced astrocyte subtypes. In the absence of a demonstrated EtOH receptor, EtOH is believed to have effects on the function of many receptors and downstream biological cascades that underlie calcium responsiveness. This mechanism of EtOH-induced calcium signaling is unknown and this study provides the first step in understanding the characteristics of cells displaying these observed responses. To characterize underlying astrocyte subtypes, we assessed the correlation between calcium signaling and astrocyte gene expression signature in response to EtOH. We found that various EtOH doses increased intracellular calcium levels in a subset of astrocytes, distinguishing three cellular response types and one nonresponsive subtype as categorized by response waveform properties. Furthermore, single-cell RNA-seq analysis of astrocytes from the different response types identified type-enriched discriminatory gene expression signatures. Combining single-cell calcium responses and gene expression analysis identified specific astrocyte subgroups among astrocyte populations defined by their response to EtOH. This result provides a basis for identifying the relationship between astrocyte susceptibility to EtOH and corresponding measurable markers of calcium signaling and gene expression, which will be useful to investigate potential subgroup-specific influences of astrocytes on the physiology and pathology of EtOH exposure in the brain. 相似文献
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Zizhen Yao Cindy T.J. van Velthoven Thuc Nghi Nguyen Jeff Goldy Adriana E. Sedeno-Cortes Fahimeh Baftizadeh Darren Bertagnolli Tamara Casper Megan Chiang Kirsten Crichton Song-Lin Ding Olivia Fong Emma Garren Alexandra Glandon Nathan W. Gouwens James Gray Lucas T. Graybuck Michael J. Hawrylycz Hongkui Zeng 《Cell》2021,184(12):3222-3241.e26
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《Cell metabolism》2021,33(9):1869-1882.e6
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Gary Freeman 《Historical Biology》2013,25(4):430-432
In this rejoinder to Xiao et al., I will concentrate on two issues: the methodology used by Shen et al. and the assertion that the data supporting the existence of crown-group sponges, cnidarians and stem-group bilaterians, which pre-date the beginning of the Cambrian by at least 40–55 million years, is so weak that it should be dismissed. 相似文献
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《Cell reports》2020,30(3):905-913.e6
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Qianhui Yu Umut Kilik Emily M. Holloway Yu-Hwai Tsai Christoph Harmel Angeline Wu Joshua H. Wu Michael Czerwinski Charlie J. Childs Zhisong He Meghan M. Capeling Sha Huang Ian A. Glass Peter D.R. Higgins Barbara Treutlein Jason R. Spence J. Gray Camp 《Cell》2021,184(12):3281-3298.e22
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《Cell Stem Cell》2022,29(6):973-989.e10
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Wenwen Wang Pu Liu Wendi Zhu Tianwei Li Ying Wang Yujie Wang Jun Li Jie Ma Ling Leng 《蛋白质与细胞》2025,16(4):240-259
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