大花萱草新品种"金娃娃"的组织培养和快速繁殖

1 植物名称大花萱草(Hemerocallis middendorfii)新品种金娃娃. 2 材料类别茎尖. 3 培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS+ NAA 0.5 mg*L-1 (单位下同)+6-BA 0.1;(2)MS+IBA 0.5;(3)MS+6-BA 1.0+IBA 1.5.生根培养基:(4)MS+IBA 0.2;(5)MS+NAA 0.5;(6)1/2MS+NAA 0.2.以上培养基均加入0.55%琼脂,3%蔗糖,pH 5.8,培养温度22～26℃,光照度2 000～2 500 lx,光照14 h*d-1.     

大花细辛的组织培养

1植物名称大花细辛(Asarum maximum Hemsl.). 2材料类别茎段. 3培养条件基本培养基为MS.芽增殖培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0～2.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1;壮苗培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA 0.1;生根培养基:(3)1/2MS IBA 1.0 NAA 0.2.以上培养基蔗糖浓度(1)和(2)为3.0%,(3)为2.0%;琼脂7.0g·L-1,pH 5.4～5.6.培养温度为(25±2)℃,连续光照12 h·d-1,光强40μmol·m-2·s-1.     

大花红景天的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称大花红景天[Rhodiola crenulata(Hook.f.et Thoms.)S.H.Fu],采自海拔4000～4500m的西藏恰拉山区. 2材料类别幼茎和幼叶.     

野生大花溲疏的组织培养和快速繁殖

1 植物名称 野生大花溲疏（Deutzia grandiflora Bge．）。     

大花天竺葵的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称大花天竺葵(Pelargonium domesticumL. H.Bailey),又名蝴蝶天竺葵、家天竺葵、洋蝴蝶、毛叶入腊红等.     

大花象牙参的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称大花象牙参(Roscoea humeana). 2材料类别潜伏芽.     

莲雾的组织培养和规模化生产

1 植物名称 莲雾[Syzygium samarangense（Bl．）Merr．et Perry],别名洋蒲桃、爪哇蒲桃、软雾、辇雾、琏雾等。     

大花蕙兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　大花蕙兰 (Ｃｙｍｂｉｄｉｕｍ ｇｒａｎｄｉｆｌｏ ｒｕｍ)。2　材料类别　茎段。3　培养条件　 (1 )原球茎诱导增殖培养基 :ＭＳ +6 ＢＡ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) +ＮＡＡ 1 .0。 (2 )原球茎分化培养基 :ＭＳ +6 ＢＡ 2 .0 +ＮＡＡ 1 .0 +香蕉泥 1 5 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 。 (3 )生根培养基 ,1 /2ＭＳ +ＮＡＡ1 .0。ｐＨ 5 .6～ 5 .8,蔗糖 3 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 、琼脂 5 ｇ·Ｌ- 1固化培养 ,培养温度 (2 5± 2 )℃ ,环境湿度 6 0 %～80 % ,光照度 2 5 0 0ｌｘ ,每天光照 1 2ｈ。4　生长与分化情况4.1　启动培养　取大花蕙兰茎段 ,流…     

大花萱草‘金娃娃’雌雄蕊发育进程及其与花蕾长度的相关性研究

采用石蜡切片法对大花萱草'金娃娃'(Hemerocallis hybridus cv.'Stella de oro')不同花蕾长度时雌雄蕊的形态及其发育时期进行观察,以探讨花营长度与雌雄蕊发育进程的相关性.结果显示:(1)'金娃娃'雄蕊发育正常,小孢子发生及雄配子体的发育过程与常见单子叶植物类似,成熟花粉属二胞型;雌蕊子房具多胚珠,但各胚珠中雌配子体发育进程不同步,出现大量无胚囊或胚囊内核发育紊乱、解体的现象而导致雌配子体发育不正常,大田结实率不到5%且种子干瘪不能发芽.(2)'金娃娃'花蕾长度与花粉发育时期具有相关性,为花蕾长度作为组织培养外植体取材外形标准提供丁植物胚胎学依据.     

忘萱草新品种‘红宝石’花托的离体培养与规模化生产

1植物名称忘萱草[Hemerocallis fulva（L．）L．var．disticha（Donn）Baker]红色系新品种‘红宅石’。 2材料类别花托。     

大花萱草组培快繁体系的研究

以大花萱草的6个品种为试材,主要研究了其组织培养中的激素配比、外植体类型、基因型以及不定芽的生根条件。结果表明：适合于大花萱草紫蝶的最佳愈伤组织及不定芽诱导培养基为MS+1 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA,出愈率、分化率和平均出芽数分别为63.33%、91.11%和5.86;但是,上述指标在基因型间表现出差异;花茎是诱导不定芽的最佳外植体;1/2MS+0.2 mg·L^-1 NAA是紫蝶较适宜的生根培养基,生根率81.11%,平均生根数6.08;本实验建立了3个品种的再生体系,平均出芽数均在4个以上,其中“金娃娃”最高,是6.88。     

东亚七筋姑的传粉生物学研究

以陕西镇坪化龙山地区的东亚七筋姑自然居群为对象,通过重力玻片法、套袋法和人工授粉对其进行连续的传粉生物学观察和研究,以明确其散粉规律和繁育系统.结果表明,东亚七筋姑的花期在五月中下旬,单花花期2～3 d,整个花序的花期随花序大小的不同而异,一般为3～7 d;东亚七筋姑为虫媒传粉,其访花昆虫大多为小型昆虫,主要种类有小型甲虫、蚁类和蝇类等;东亚七筋姑自花传粉是可育的,存在异花传粉,不存在无融合生殖,自然条件下结籽率为58%,人工异株异花授粉结籽率为82%.可见,东亚七筋姑的繁育系统为兼性异交类型,需要传粉者.     

Clonal diversity of Clintonia udensis Trautv. et Mey. populations and its correlation with ecological factors

The clonal diversity of Clintonia udensis Trautv.et Mey.was detected by ISSR markers among 16 populations,and its correlation with ecological factors was analyzed as well in this work.Results showed that individuals(clonal ramets)per genotype were 1.12 and 1.149 at population and species levels,respectively,and that the 16 populations were all multiclonal.The detected genotypes were localized,without exception,within populations but demonstrated relatively high clonal differentiation among populations.The clonal diversity of the studied populations was high,with the average Simpson's index of 0.975,while the genets showed a clonal architecture of"guerilla".The population genetic diversities revealed by genet were consistent with those by ramet,further confirming their genetic differentiation among populations.And its genotype diversity within populations probably resulted largely from the frequent seedling regeneration and self-compatibility.In addition,the correlation analysis further revealed that,among the ecological factors,Simpson's index of C.udensis had a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)with pH values in the soil but not others.     

大苞萱草染色体的核型分析

对大苞萱草体细胞染色体计数,并对其核型进行分析,结果表明:大苞萱草的染色体数目为 2n=22;核型公式为2n=2x=22=10m 6sm 4st 2T,染色体相对长度组成为2n=22=4L 6M2 10M1 2S, 属于2A型。全组染色体总长31．26μm,长臂总长为21．05μm,核型不对称系数为67．34％。     

大苞萱草ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

分别采用正交设计和单因子试验两种方法对影响大苞萱草ISSR-PCR反应体系的4个因素(Taq酶,Mg2+,dNTP,引物)在3个水平上进行优化试验。正交设计选用L9(34)方案,采用直观分析法获得影响因素最佳反应水平。单因子试验分别研究各因素对ISSR-PCR反应的影响情况,找出最佳反应水平。两种方法所得影响因素最佳水平存在差异,通过综合比较与分析,最终建立了大苞萱草ISSR-PCR的最佳反应体系。在20μL的反应体系中:Taq酶1 U,Mg2+1.5 mmol/L,dNTP0.20 mmol/L,引物0.4μmol/L,1×PCR buffer,30 ng模板DNA。在此基础上筛选出10个扩增稳定、多态性丰富的ISSR引物,并通过梯度PCR试验,确定引物最佳退火温度。     

Karyotype Evidence for Distinguishing Between Hemerocallis esculenta and H. middendorfii

Hemerocallis dumortierii, H. esculenta and H. middendorfii were considered to belong to a biological complex, and were treated as different varieties of the same species, H. dumortierii. The present authors observed and compared the karyotypes of H. esculenta and H. middendorfii. Two plant samples for each of the species were studied. One sample of H. esculenta was from Wuán County, Hebei Province, at an altitute of 1000 m, the other from Shennongjia, Hubei Province, altitute 2100 m. The two samples of H. middendorfii were respectively from Antu County, at an altitute of 700 m, and Tonghua, altitute 500 m, in Jilin Province. The karyotypes are 2n＝2x=22=12m+8sm+2T for H. esculenta, while 2n＝2x＝22=10m+6sm+4st+2T for H. middendorfii. The karyotypical difference between the two taxa was obviously not intraspecific but interspecific. Based on the karyotype data as well as the morphological and phytogeographical data available, it is considered that H. esculenta and H. middendorfii should be recognized as different species, instead of different varieties of the same species as in literature, and that H. mid-dendorfii is more advanced than H. esculenta.     

基于叶绿体DNA序列分析东亚七筋姑的遗传进化

通过对东亚七筋姑(Clintoniaudensis Trautv.etMey.)19个居群的cpDNA基因间隔区(cpDNA intergenic regions)rpl20-rps12和trnL-F进行序列分析,结果表明,当空位(Gap)作缺失处理时,trnL-F全序列排序后的长度为754个位点,G C含量为35.2%～35.8%,rpl20-rps12序列排序后长度为814bp,G C含量为34.1%～34.3%.聚类结果显示四倍体居群没有单独聚为一支,其多倍体可能是同源多倍体,起源方式属于异地多起源.     

斑叶兰的组织培养

1 植物名称斑叶兰（Goodyera schlechtendalianaRchh．f．）。 2 材料类别 茎段。     

广东石斛的组织培养

1植物名称广东石斛(Dendrobium wilsonii Rolfe). 2材料类别幼芽.