Précisions sur la structure et la microstructure du genreRoemeria Milne-Edwards & Haime 1851 (Tabulata,Dévonien moyen d’Allemagne et de Belgique)

Three Middle Devonian tabulate coral species assigned to the genusRoemeria Milne-Edwards & Haime 1851 are described:R. infundibulifera (Goldfuss 1829), the type species of the genus, andR. minor SCHLÜTER 1885, both from the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, and a new species,R. cubiniensis, from the Couvin area of Belgium. Their external and internal characters and microstructures are described in detail. The dominant morphological features they have in common are cerioid and locally fasciculate corallites and tabulae with an infundibuliform profile. The microstructure of the corallite walls is characterized by an hitherto undescribed association of an internal fibrous zone and a peripheral lamellar zone flanking a median plate made of small granules and larger elements of stellate form. The only micro-structural variation between the three species lies in the proportions of these components. Kurzfassung: Drei mittel-devonische tabulate Korallen-Arten werden zur GattungRoemeria Milne-Edwards & Haime 1851 gestellt und beschrieben: die Typus-ArtenR. infundibulifera (Goldfuss 1829) sowieR. minor SchlÜter 1885, beide aus dem Rheinischen Schiefergebirge, und eine neue Art,R. cubiniensis, aus der Umgebung von Couvin in Belgien. Äußere und innere gemeinsame Merkmale sind cerioide und nur stellenweise bündeiförmige Koralliten mit einem infundibuliformen Profil der Tabulae im Längsschnitt. Die MikroStruktur der Koralliten-Wände ist durch die bisher nicht beschriebene Verbindung einer internen fibrösen Zone mit einer peripheren Lamellenschicht gekennzeichnet, die um eine Median-Lamelle aus kleinen und großen Granulae mit Stern-Profil angeordnet sind. Nur das Größen-Verhältnis dieser Struktur-Elemente ist bei den drei beschriebenen Arten verschieden.     

L'effet de β-mercaptoéthanol et de l'urée sur la structure du phragmoplaste

Résumé Les fibrilles constitutives du phragmoplaste sont de nature protéique. L'action du-mercaptoéthanol permet de conclure que ces protéines sont liées par des ponts S-S. En présence d'urée, la structure du phragmoplaste est détruite, ce qui indique l'existence de liaisons hydrogènes.

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Zusammenfassung Unsere Arbeit führt zu folgenden Resultaten: 1. Die im Phragmoplast befindliche Faserstruktur besitzt einen Eiweißstoffcharakter. 2. Der Effekt des-Merkaptoäthanols gestattet die Annahme, daß die Proteine mit S-S-Brücken verbunden sind. 3. Bei Anwesenheit von Harnstoff wird die Phragmoplaststruktur zerstört, was für das Vorhandensein von H-Brücken spricht.

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Boursière de la Fondation Rockefeller     

Réinterprétation de Peltoceratoides athletoides (Lahusen), 1883 (Ammonitina,Aspidoceratidae). Conséquences sur la biozonation du Callovien supérieur et de l'Oxfordien inférieur

Peltoceratoides athletoides (Lahusen) is currently used in the Tethyan domain (Submediterranean province) as an index-species for two separate biochronological units: one a horizon near the top of the Callovian, the other a zone at the base of the Oxfordian. Paleontological revision of the species, from specimens collected in situ in South East France and in Normandy shows that species is strictly localized in the lowermost Oxfordian. Consequently, the Callovian horizon, originally defined in Anjou, should be renamed the Schroederi horizon. The usefulness of Peltoceratoides athletoides as an indicator of the first Oxfordian zone in the Tethyan domain, the counterpart of the Mariae zone, is confirmed. In addition, strict localization of the species makes it is possible to define a subzone and a horizon for the base of the Oxfordian, which are the boreal equivalents of the Scarburgense subzone and Scarburgense horizon. These new data contribute to build a standard West Tethyan scale entirely independant of the boreal zonation for the Upper Callovian and Lower Oxfordian.     

Suoidea du Miocène inférieur de Laugnac (Lot-et-Garonne, France)

The fossil vertebrate locality of Laugnac is the type locality of the Neogene mammalian zone MN2b. It has yielded many remains of Suoidea belonging to two different genera.Xenohyus venitor is characterized by its large size and especially its large central upper incisors, I1/ and I2/. It is quite difficult to know its phyletic relationships because the material is not abundant.Hyotherium cf.meisneri is more abundant with a quite good skull, pieces of skull, jaws and isolated teeth. It belongs to a peculiar lineage different from that ofH. major from Saint Gérand-le-Puy, France. It has some similarities withAureliachoerus aurelianensis from later geological levels (MN3-MN5).     

La Formation du Faou (Dévonien inférieur du finistère):Nouvelles observations biostratigraphiques et mise en évidence d'une écozone

enDetailed biostratigraphic analysis of a section in the Faou Formation (Lower Devonian, western Armorican Massif) provides new data about the vertical distribution of benthic faunas in this lithostratigraphic unit. A new interpretation of the Siegenian-Emsian boundary is proposed and a Leptaenopyxis kerfornei Ecozone is recognized. The repetition of this ecozone in the succession, with the presence of brachiopods in life position, shows that the hydrodynamic flow, the nature and the volume of the deposits were irregular during the sedimentation of the Faou Formation.     

Site du Paléolithique inférieur de Bogatyri/Sinyaya Balka dans la péninsule de Taman,Kraï de Krasnodar,Russie

The paper aims to present new multidisciplinary results obtained from the study of the Lower Palaeolithic Bogatyri/Sinyaya Balka site (the Taman peninsula), organized after 2010. The particular attention is given to the estimation of the age of the site and to the unique way of adaptation of the Homo erectus to the special environmental conditions of the Taman peninsula.     

Une riche faune de Sélaciens dans le bassin à phosphatede Kpogamé-Hahotoé (Éocène moyen du Togo): Note préliminaire et précisions sur la structure et l'âge du gisement

The study of the phosphate-bearing series of Kpogame-Hahotoe permits to identify four successive fossiliferous levels which yielded a rich Middle Eocene selachian fauna. The field observations and the sequence of faunal associations lead to revise the interpretation and age of the phosphate deposit.     

Etude histochimique des Mucopolysaccharides de lépiderme et des organes récepteurs du système de la ligne latérale du gymnarque,Gymnarchus niloticus

Résumé Diverses réactions histochimiques (A.P.S. et bleu de toluidine) démontrent que l'épiderme du Gymnarchus niloticus est riche en mucopolysaccharides. Ils se rencontrent à la fois dans le cytoplasme des cellules superficielles de l'épiderme et au niveau des organes récepteurs cutanés de la ligne latérale. Les mucopolysaccharides dans les cellules épidermiques superficielles sont neutres.Les mucopolysaccharides des cavités intraépidermiques des organes de type B et C et du canal de l'organe de type A sont métachromatiques, La métachromasie est due à la présence d'un radical acide carboxylé. Les particularités dans la constitution et la répartition du mucus au niveau de ces trois organes résident dans le fait que l'invagination de la cellule sensorielle de l'organe de type A est occupé par du mucus neutre et que le cytoplasme de la petite cellule de l'organe de type C contient du mucus acide de même nature que celui de la cavité intraépidermique.Il faut admettre que l'origine des mucopolysaccharides réside dans les cellules de soutien qui entourent la cellule sensorielle.

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Histochemical investigation of the mucopolysaccharides in the epidermis and lateral line sensory organs of gymnarchus niloticus

Summary The mucopolysaccharide content of different epidermal structures in Gymnarchus niloticus has been demonstrated by two histochemical methods, periodic acid Schiff (P.A.S.) and toluidine blue. Mucopolysaccharides are present in the cytoplasm of the superficial cells and in the three specific cutaneous sensory organs of the lateral line system, type A, B and C.The superficial epidermal cells contain only neutral mucopolysaccharide.The mucopolysaccharides of the intraepidermal cavities in the type B and C organs as well as in the pores of the type A organ are acid; the metachromatic reaction of the toluidine blue demonstrates the presence of an acid carboxylic radicle.Histochemical analysis of the pore contents of the type A organ reveals that the mucus in the pore is acid while that of the sensory cell invagination is neutral.Histochemical differences were determined between the two sensory cells of the organ type C: the cytoplasm of the small sensory cell contains acid mucopolysaccharides while that of the large sensory cell is free of it, although the cytoplasmic invagination (extracellular) of the latter is filled with acid mucus.The results suggest that the mucus in each organ type is produced by the supporting cells surrounding the sensory cells.

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Je tiens à remercier le Docteur T. Szabo, dont les conseils pour la présentation de ce travail m'ont été des plus précieux.

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Ce travail a été aidé par le contrat No. 659-535 de la D.R.M.E. conclu avec le Docteur T. Szabo, Maître de Recherche au C.N.R.S. Avec la participation de Madame L. Planque, technicienne au C.N.R.S.     

Ostracodes du bathonien moyen et supérieur des grands-causses,sud de la France. Associations et paléoenvironnements

This work describes new species of ostracodes collected in the Middle and Upper Bathonian outcrops of the Grands-Causses, Southern France: Kirtonella vignesensis n. sp., Marslatourella bathonica n. sp., Micropneumatocythere montmejeaneansis n. sp., Praeschuleridea alzonensis n. sp., and illustrates the predominating species in the assemblages: Limnocythere larzacensis, Theriosynoecum aveyronensis et Fastigatocythere juglandiformis.Ostracode assemblages are characteristic of lacustrine to polyhaline and inner marine environments, and they vary according to changes in salinity, oxygen and trophic level.     

Les phases précoces de la formation des cils et le problème de l'origine du corpuscule basal

Summary Developing cilia and non-ciliated centrioles are both present in the rat choroid cell studied with the electron microscope. The development of the cilium begins with the appearance of a thick-walled vesicle close to the centriole or in contact with it. Very soon this vesicle lines the distal extremity of the centriole. The growing ciliary shaft invaginates the vesicle, forming a temporary ciliary sheath. This sheath isolates the growing cilium from its environment.Degenerating ciliary shafts are by no means rare. They are interpreted as evidence of a biological cycle of the cilia. Club-shaped forms are also frequent.Non-ciliated centrioles are sometimes in contact with striated structures consisting of alternating dark and light bands, separated by a distance of 600 Å. These formations (treillis) are different from the pericentriolar satellites. On morphological grounds, they might be considered as centriole precursors.     

Les rongeurs du miocène inférieur en Bas,Languedoc et les corrélations entre échelles stratigraphiques marine et continentale

The discovery of continental interstratified fossiliferous layers within the lower Miocene marine deposits of Bas Languedoc and the rather unexpected occurrence of rodents within the marine deposits of the same period enables us to refine the mammalian biochronological scale, but above all enables us to establish correlations between the latter and the marine stratigraphic scale. Thus the standard mammalian level of Paulhiac is correlated to the «formation bioclastique de Carry-le-Rouet. As for the standard level of Laugnac it might correspond to the marine Burdigalian whereas it is traditionally allocated to the Aquitanian.The abundance of rodents has allowed to complete our knowledge of still imperfectly known faunas and to formulate new data concerning some evolutive lineages of Cricetid, Eomyid and Glirid rodents.     

Action du CCC et de l'Amo 1618 sur la germination,la croissance et les activités AIA-oxydasique,peroxydasique, catalasique in vitro et in vivo de la racine de la Lentille

Summary Amo 1618 inhibits germination and root growth of Lentil seedlings in the dark and in the light, with some symptoms of toxicity; CCC has no effect.Both CCC and Amo 1618 inhibit the catalase activity of a lentil root extract.Increasing concentrations of Amo 1618 progressively increase the activity of peroxidase and IAA-oxidase in vivo; the catalase activity remains unchanged.The effect of Amo 1618 on root growth can thus be explained by a diminished auxin level mediated by an increased auxin catabolism.The effect of Amo 1618 and that of kinetin on root growth and enzymes are parallet. Gibberellic acid has an opposite effect on auxin catabolism.

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Une partie de ce travail a fait l'objet du mémoire de Licence de J. L. et a été réalisée au Laboratoire de Biochimie végétale de l'Institut de Botanique de Liège.     

Précautions,pièges et artefacts en TEP/TDM au 18FDG : généralités et cas particulier des pathologies de la tête et du cou

The PET/CT imaging with 18F-FDG is an essential diagnostic tool in the management of many diseases today. However, because of its functional and metabolic nature, it requires for its realization the respect of certain precautions to avoid abnormal images or false negative tests. Moreover, in the context of head and neck diseases, knowledge of anatomy and physiological uptakes appears essential for quality interpretation. In this paper, we illustrate with several personal circumstances or particular clinical situations from literature, the potential pitfalls and artifacts that could lead to misinterpretation.     

Nouvelles données sur le Magdalénien inférieur de la Région Cantabrique : le Niveau F de la grotte de El Cierro (Ribadesella,Asturies, Espagne)

El Cierro Cave (Ribadesella, Asturias, Spain), located near the mouth of the River Sella, has yielded one of the most important Upper Palaeolithic sequences in northern Spain. To date, three major occupation periods at the cave have been identified and dated. The first was at the beginning of the Holocene (ca. 8500 BP; ca. 9000 cal BP); the second at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic, in the Younger Dryas (YD) or Greenland Stadial 1 (GS1) (ca. 11.200 BP; 12.700 cal BP) and the third during Greenland Stadial 2 (GS2) (ca. 16.300–15.500 BP; ca. 19.200–18.700 cal BP). This paper describes the stratigraphy documented in the excavations performed by F. Jordá Cerdá and A. Gómez-Fuentes between 1977 and 1979 and presents the first radiocarbon determinations for the first two occupation periods, together with the study of the archaeological materials found in Level F. This level, dated to 15.500 BP (ca. 18.700 cal BP) is characterised by specialised red deer hunting and the gathering of marine resources (winkles). Various artefacts made from animal raw materials have been documented; both finished products and items in the process of being manufactured, as well as portable art objects. The lithic assemblage, consisting mainly of local raw materials with a small proportion of allochthonous flint, is characterised by an abundance of small bladelet cores and backed bladelets. These archaeological remains and the radiocarbon date mean Level F can be attributed to the so-called “Cantabrian Lower Magdalenian”. This period has been documented archaeologically and dated to a similar time at other sites in the River Sella valley and in the rest of northern Spain.     

Les bélemnites de la carrière de Serra San Quirico (Province d'Ancona,Apennin Central,Italie) et la paléobiogéographie des Bélemnites de la Téthys Méditerranéenne au Tithonique inférieur

About a hundred belemnites, together with numerous other fossils, were collected in a quarry near Serra San Quirico (Ancona Province, Central Apennines). The belemnite fauna is studied with a palaeontological — systematical and palaeogeographical regard. In regard to systematics, thirteen species ascribed to five genera are described, particularly Duvalia apenninica nov. sp., D. aesinensis nov. sp., Rhopaloteuthis siciliensis nov. sp. and Quiricobelus italicus nov. gen., nov. sp., of the Diplobelidae family. During the Tithonian, this family was represented, up to day, only by the genus Diplobelus.According to literature, the geographical distribution of the species recognized in the quarry of Serra San Quirico allows us to think that in a mobilist palaeogeography, the Apulian plate was a diffusion center, with an evident dispersion towards the southern margin of the euroasiatic craton, from Spain to Iran. The African margin, with the exception of Sicily, does not seem to have been affected by this dispersion, probably for palaeogeographic reasons.     

Nouvelles données chronologiques,technologiques et typologiques sur le Paléolithique supérieur ancien de la Plaine roumaine du Danube : le gisement de Giurgiu-Malu Rosu

The optical luminescence dating (OSL) method has been applied to loess deposits associated with a “Late” Aurignacian industry already dated by ¹⁴C. Both dating results are in good agreement. This study demonstrates that lithic industries with some aurignacian tools are still present few thousand years before the Last Maximum Glacial in the Romanian Danube Plain.     

Baïraki – un site du Paléolithique inférieur sur le territoire de la Plaine d’Europe orientale

The paper presents the preliminary results of five years’ multidisciplinary researches (2010–2014 years) of the new Lower Palaeolithic Bayraki site, situated in the vicinity of Dubossary town in Moldavia, on the high terrace (VII) of the Dniester River. In the Lower and Middle Pleistocene deposits are discovered six layers including lithic artefacts of Lower Palaeolithic character. Two layers (I and II) relate to deposits dated by the Brunhes period and four layers (III, IV, V and VI) are attributed to the Matuyama period. The highest number of artefacts (884 objects) is issue from the layer V (the Jaramillo period), whose lithic industry has an Oldowan character. In other layers are found few flint archaeological objects and sporadic fragments of indeterminable bones. In the layer III is found a fossil horse mandibular (Equus sussenbornensis). At present, this site presents the oldest Low Pleistocene across all East European Plain.     

Découverte d’une industrie du Paléolithique inférieur en bordure de la commune de Nice,au Vallon obscur à Saint-Isidore

An archaic lithic assemblage has just been brought to light in border of the municipality of Nice (Alpes-Maritimes, France), in secondary position in a geologic context of middle fluviatile terrace in left bank of the Var. Lithic artefacts collected gather some shaping products (worked or broken pebbles) and débitage products (cores, flakes, angular fragments), obtained on pebbles mainly in marly limestone, stemming from the local plio-Pleistocene conglomerate and the alluviums of the Var. This lithic production shows essentially the beginnings of chaînes opératoires, with the first phases of pebbles cortex removing. Flakes are very mainly cortical or semi-cortical, and cores reveal a weak technical investment, with a reduced enough number of removal negatives. The débitage of orthogonal type is the most frequent, and the bipolar technique on anvil is attested. Some rare flakes are retouched by notches or by abrupt continuous retouches. The sector where was brought to light this lithic industry, in sediments reshaped below a level of fluviatile terrace of the Var in 70 m of height, made us suggest a very ancient age for these vestiges, being able to go back up at the beginning of Middle Pleistocene, even of Lower Pleistocene, what is in agreement with the technical characteristics noticed on this lithic assemblage.