中介因子复合体在基因转录调控中的作用

近二十年来,人类在不断探索基因转录调控的机制方面取得了长足的进步,其中包括对中介因子复合体(mediator complex)的克隆、鉴定及作用机制的研究。中介因子是由20多种不同蛋白亚基组成的复合体,广泛存在于各种真核生物的细胞中,并且与RNA聚合酶一起构成RNA聚合酶Ⅱ全酶。中介因子复合体可与转录因子和RNA聚合酶Ⅱ相互作用,因而在基因转录过程中发挥着桥梁的作用。中介因子复合体不但能够促进基因转录的激活,有时也能抑制基因转录。本文总结了中介因子复合体的组成、结构及功能方面的研究进展。     

Yeast Mediator facilitates transcription initiation at most promoters via a Tail-independent mechanism

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Diverse roles of the Mediator complex in plants

Since its original discovery in yeast, the Mediator complex has been identified in a wide range of organisms across the eukaryotic kingdom. Despite being experimentally purified from a number of fungal and metazoan organisms, it was not until 2007, thirteen years after its initial discovery, that the Mediator complex was successfully isolated from plants. With a number of papers now beginning to emerge on the plant Mediator complex, this review aims to provide an overview of the diverse functions that have been identified for individual plant Mediator subunits. In addition to demonstrating roles in plant development, flowering, hormone signaling and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance; recent findings have revealed novel functions for plant Mediator subunits, including mRNA, miRNA and rRNA processing, as well as controlling DNA and protein stability. These diverse activities have expanded the known functions of the Mediator complex and demonstrate a variety of new insights that have been gained from investigations into the plant Mediator complex. Future directions for research into this multi-functional protein complex will be discussed.