蜡样芽胞杆菌在双歧杆菌四联活菌片治疗小鼠腹泻中的作用研究

目的研究双歧杆菌四联活菌片中的蜡样芽胞杆菌对小鼠腹泻治疗作用的影响。方法将SPF小鼠采用抗生素联合伤寒沙门菌和志贺菌诱导建立腹泻模型,取112只造模成功后的小鼠随机分为7组,其中三组分别喂养3种不同剂量的四联活菌片,三组分别喂养3种不同剂量的不含蜡样芽胞杆菌的三联活菌片,余下一组为对照组灌胃生理盐水。比较各组小鼠腹泻的治愈时间,测定粪便菌群、结肠组织耗氧能力及氧化还原电势、肠内sIgA含量及脾脏指数变化。结果相同剂量条件下,含蜡样芽胞杆菌的四联活菌片治愈腹泻时间比三联活菌片缩短48~72h。治疗48h后,四联活菌片组肠内sIgA水平明显增加,与三联活菌片组相比差异有统计学意义(t=5.5783,P=0.0002);治疗结束后,四联活菌片组的脾脏指数也显著高于三联活菌片组(t=18.8648,P=0.0001)。结论含蜡样芽胞杆菌的四联活菌片对小鼠腹泻的治疗及肠道菌群的恢复作用比三联活菌片效果更佳,能显著促进腹泻小鼠肠黏膜局部免疫力的提高。     

凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者内毒素及细胞因子的影响

目的探讨凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片（商品名：爽舒宝）对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者内毒素及细胞因子的影响。方法将41例非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加服凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片,对照组只给予常规治疗,治疗前后测定血内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6指标的变化。结果观察组治疗后各项指标的水平均显著低于对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片通过降低血内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6,对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者具有显著的治疗作用。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合益生菌低聚糖粉治疗妊娠期便秘的临床观察

【摘 要】 目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片（商品名：爽舒宝）联合益生菌低聚糖粉治疗妊娠期便秘的临床疗效。方法 将100例妊娠期便秘患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组60例,对照组40例,两组均给予基础治疗。其中治疗组在此基础上同时口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片和益生菌低聚糖粉,凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片首次2.1 g,以后1.05 g/次,3次/d;益生菌低聚糖粉10 g/次,3次/d,温水送服,疗程14 d。观察治疗前后便秘改善情况。结果 治疗组总有效率、大便频率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05 )。结论 凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合益生菌低聚糖粉治疗妊娠期便秘疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

蜡样芽胞杆菌对羔羊,仔猪和鸡腹泻控制的流行病学分析

本文报道了自中国土壤中分离出的一株蜡样芽胞杆菌(DM423)活菌制剂对羔羊、仔猪和鸡腹泻控制效果的流行病学分析,结果表明,蜡样芽胞杆菌的实验组的腹泻控制效果明显好于抗生素治疗组及未处置组,统计学处理具有显著意义。因此我们相信,利用蜡样芽胞杆菌制剂是一条控制人和动物腹泻的新途径。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合热毒宁注射液治疗手足口病的疗效观察

【摘 要】 目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片（商品名：爽舒宝）联合热毒宁注射液治疗手足口病的临床疗效。方法 将81例手足口病患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组41例,对照组40例,两组均给予中成药热毒宁注射液对症综合治疗。其中治疗组在治疗的同时加用凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,1周岁以下,0.70 g/次,1周岁以上,1.05 g/次,3次/d,温水送服,疗程为7 d或治愈为止。对两组患儿疱疹、食欲、体温变化情况及食欲不振等并发症进行统计分析。结果 治疗组起效快,疱疹和腹泻消失时间、食欲和体温恢复正常时间显著短于对照组,且痊愈率、总有效率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论 凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合热毒宁注射液治疗手足口病疗效显著,具有积极的临床意义。     

凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对实验性腹泻小鼠的治疗作用

目的 观察凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对氨苄青霉素钠诱发的小鼠腹泻的治疗作用。方法利用氨苄青霉素钠口服诱发小鼠实验性腹泻和肠道菌群失调,然后用凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片,口服,每天2次,共4d,观察治疗后的小鼠排便和肠道菌群变化。结果在各给药组中,治疗第1天有70％～85％的小鼠排正常便,生理盐水组只有10％排正常便（P〈0．01）;治疗第2天给药组中有80％～90％的小鼠排正常便,生理盐水组仅为50％（P〈0．01）。肠道菌群分析结果表明,凝结芽胞杆菌在治疗第2天开始定植,停药第7天后逐渐消失,定植期为10d左右。在各给药组中,治疗第2天肠道菌群开始恢复,第4天均升高到正常,而生理盐水组的恢复比各给药组显著的慢（P〈0．01）。结论 凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对小鼠实验性腹泻有明显的止泻作用,并能加速肠道菌群的恢复。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合甲硝唑栓治疗细菌性阴道病的临床观察

目的观察凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝)联合甲硝唑栓治疗细菌性阴道病的临床疗效。方法选取细菌性阴道病患者108例随机分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。两组患者均以甲硝唑栓放入阴道治疗,观察组在此基础上,口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,首次6片,以后3片/次,3次/d,连用14d。观察两组患者用药后的临床疗效及不良反应,并比较治疗后随访半年内的复发率。结果观察组患者临床总有效率(90.7%)明显高于对照组(74.1%)(P0.05),治疗期间均未见明显的药物不良反应。治疗后随访半年,观察组的复发率(14.3%)明显低于对照组(32.5%)(P0.05)。结论凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合甲硝唑栓治疗细菌性阴道病疗效显著,能降低复发率,值得临床推广应用。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片对妊娠剧吐的疗效观察

目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片（商品名：爽舒宝）对妊娠剧吐患者的临床疗效。方法 将56例妊娠剧吐患者随机分为两组,每组28例。分别给予静脉补液治疗（对照组）及静脉补液联合凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗（观察组）,评估两组患者治疗效果,统计患者尿酮体转阴率、主要症状消失率、呕吐症状彻底消失时间、整体治疗持续时间等指标。结果 观察组患者治疗总有效率（100.00%）高于对照组患者（85.71%）,观察组患者尿酮体转阴率（100.00%）高于对照组患者（64.29%）,观察组患者恶心、呕吐症状消失率（64.29%）高于对照组患者（35.71%）,观察组患者厌食症状消失率（75.00%）高于对照组患者（46.43%）,观察组患者整体治疗持续时间、呕吐症状消失时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗妊娠剧吐效果显著,值得临床推广。     

口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效及预防复发作用

目的探讨口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝)联合硝呋太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊治疗外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效及预防复发作用。方法选取外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者103例,随机分入观察组52例和对照组51例。两组患者均以硝呋太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊放入阴道,每晚1粒,连用7 d。观察组在此基础上,口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,首次6片,以后3片/次,3次/d,连用14 d。观察两组患者治疗后的临床疗效及不良反应,并比较治疗后随访半年内的复发率。结果治疗后,观察组患者临床总有效率为88.5%,明显高于对照组的72.5%(χ2=4.16,P0.05),两组患者治疗中未发生明显的药物不良反应。治疗后随访半年,观察组的复发率(15.2%)明显低于对照组(37.8%)(χ2=5.55,P0.05)。结论口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合硝呋太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊用于外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病治疗中取得了较好的疗效,安全性好,并能降低其复发率,具有预防病情复发作用。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片预防剖腹产术后胃肠功能紊乱的临床观察

目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝)预防剖腹产术后胃肠功能紊乱的临床疗效.方法 将60例妊娠期患者随机分为预防组和对照组,预防组和对照组均为30例.其中预防组住院后开始口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片,首次2.1g,以后1.05 g/次,3次/d,温水送服.观察两组患者剖腹产术后便秘、腹部不适、腹胀、腹痛、食欲不振等消化道症状.结果 预防组术后首次排便时间明显短于对照组,大便频率增加,腹部不适、腹胀、排便费力等伴随症状发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片预防剖腹产术后胃肠功能紊乱疗效显著,值得临床推广.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.