下鼻道开窗术治疗慢性上颌窦炎32例

目的：探讨下鼻道开窗术替代传统的上颌窦根治术治疗慢性上颌窦炎的手术方法及治疗效果.方法：通过对慢性上颌窦炎患者32例进行下鼻道开窗术治疗,并与同期进行上颌窦根治术31例比较.结果：下鼻道开窗术组一次手术痊愈率93.7%,上颌窦根治术组一次手术痊愈率93.5%,两组手术效果统计学处理无显著性差异,（u=1.24,u〉0.05）.结论：下鼻道开窗术替代传统的上颌窦根治术,疗效相同,而且具有无面部肿胀麻木及牙齿酸胀等并发症.能够达到上颌窦根治的目的并具有微创的特点.     

真菌球型上颌窦炎鼻内镜下两种手术路径的临床研究

目的:比较鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术和单独下中鼻道开窗术治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的临床疗效。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照试验,将2013年8月~2015年5月在我院择期行手术治疗的50例真菌球型上颌窦炎患者分为观察组与对照组,每组25例,对照组行鼻内镜单独下中鼻道开窗术,观察组在对照组的基础上联合下鼻道小视窗术。术前及术后6个月采用鼻腔鼻窦结局测试20条量表(SNOT-20)对两组患者进行评分,术后6个月对鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能及疗效进行评估,比较两组手术时间及术中出血量。结果:术后6个月两组SNOT-20量表评分显著低于术前,且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月观察组粘膜纤毛传输时间(MTT)显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组总有效率、手术时间及术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:鼻内镜下以上两种手术路径治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的疗效相近,但鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术更有利于减轻患者症状及促进鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能恢复。     

超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙的疗效观察

目的:研究超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙的临床疗效。方法:选取2013年7月到2015年4月我院收治的上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙患者110例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组55例,研究组给予超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗,对照组给予传统开窗联合正畸牵引治疗,比较两组临床疗效。结果:研究组总有效率92.7%,对照组总有效率90.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组一次粘结成功率85.5%显著高于对照组的52.7%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组术后疼痛和肿胀程度均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:超声骨刀开窗术联合正畸牵引治疗上颌唇侧埋伏阻生尖牙疗效良好,且能显著降低术后反应。     

儿童慢性鼻窦炎120例诊治体会

儿童慢性鼻窦炎是一种多发病和常见病,其病因、症状、诊断和治疗与成人有所不同.1998年1月～2001年1月我们对120例慢性鼻窦炎患儿采用上颌窦穿刺、鼻窦负压置换疗法,并加用洁尔阴液冲洗窦腔等综合治疗,随访6个月～1年,取得了很好疗效,现报告如下.     

腹腔镜开窗术治疗单纯性肝囊肿的临床观察

目的:近年来,腹腔镜作为微创外科的代表,以创伤小、恢复快、治愈率高等优点被广泛应用于外科手术中。腹腔镜肝囊肿开窗术适用于孤立性的单纯性肝囊肿进行减压引流,手术效果较好。本文通过观察腹腔镜下开窗术治疗单纯肝囊肿的临床疗效,探讨腹腔镜手术的特点及优势,为临床肝胆疾病的手术治疗提供研究依据。方法:选取2009年2月-2012年12月在我院接受治疗的单纯肝囊肿患者76例,随机分为观察组和对照组。其中观察组患者采取腹腔镜下开窗术治疗,对照组患者采取传统开腹手术治疗。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间等。结果:观察组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、胃肠功能恢复时间及住院时间均优于对照组,差异显著具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜手术创伤小、术中出血量少、术后恢复快、最大程度的减轻患者痛苦,腹腔镜开窗术治疗单纯肝囊肿的临床效果显著,值得临床推广应用。     

慢性硬脑膜下血肿的手术治疗策略

目的:探讨慢性硬脑膜下血肿手术治疗的最佳术式策略及方法选择.方法:对330例390个(单侧血肿270例,双侧血肿60例)慢性硬脑膜下血肿的临床表现及手术方式,术后复查CT或MRI随访结果进行临床分析.结果:单侧血肿钻一孔引流224例,钻二孔引流35例,双侧血肿两侧各钻一孔引流49例,双侧血肿两侧各钻二孔引流11例,11例行开颅血清除包膜切除术,术后临床症状明显改善327例,无变化3例,其中1例术后并发肺部感炎死亡,另1例突发心肌梗塞死亡,术后第一天例行头颅CT检查,血肿腔明显变小,大部分病例脑组织复位,硬脑膜下有少量积液和气体,1月至3个月随访复查CT165例,其中示有血肿复发再次手术3例,163例示脑组织复位,临床恢复良好.结论:慢性硬脑膜下血肿早期临床症状不典型,及时进行CT或MRI检查明确诊断,手术治疗效果显著,但慢性硬脑膜下血肿常见老年人,常合并其他疾病,手术方式及麻醉选择对疗效有一定的影响.     

厚度微创椎板间开窗椎管扩大术治疗腰椎管狭窄的疗效

目的:探讨微创椎板间开窗椎管扩大术治疗腰椎管狭窄(LSS)的疗效。方法:对收治的40例LSS患者(研究组)前瞻性实施微创椎板间开窗椎管扩大术治疗,回顾性分析实施常规后路椎板切除减压术治疗的40例LSS患者(对照组)的临床资料,术后随访6~24个月,对比两组患者治疗效果。结果:两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但研究组住院时间短于对照组,术中失血量少于对照组(P0.05);两组术后JOA评分有效率、轴性症状发生率、椎间隙高度、腰椎曲度、滑脱程度比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但研究组术后伤椎疼痛VAS评分显著低于对照组(P0.05);对照组并发症总发生率高于研究组(P0.05)。结论:微创椎板间开窗椎管扩大术治疗LSS,与常规术式疗效相当,但手术创伤小,术后并发症少。     

中药浸泡联合甲开窗疗法治疗甲真菌病50例临床疗效观察

应用中药浸泡联合甲开窗疗法治疗50例病甲面积《50%的远端侧位甲下型甲真菌病(DLSO)单个指甲感染的患者,总有效率为76%.     

双侧慢性硬膜下血肿与单侧慢性硬膜下血肿的临床比较

目的:双侧慢性硬膜下血肿和单侧慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床比较。方法:将33例双侧慢性硬膜下血肿和119例单侧慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床表现、诱发因素、CT扫描、术后并发症和疗效进行回顾性对比分析。结果:单侧慢性硬膜下血肿组平均年龄67岁,双侧慢性硬膜下血肿组平均年龄71岁(P>0.05),两组患者均以男性多见(P>0.05)。与单侧慢性硬膜下血肿组相比,双侧慢性硬膜下血肿组头痛/呕吐更常见(P<0.05),使用抗凝/抗血小板药物患者较多(P<0.05),中线移位>5mm少于双侧慢性硬膜下血肿组(P<0.05)。两组患者合并的常见系统疾病、术后并发症和疗效无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:双侧慢性硬膜下血肿易发生于使用抗凝/抗血小板药物的老年患者,颅内压增高征更明显。两组大多数患者术后均恢复良好。     

慢性硬膜下血肿CT诊断

本文总结了37例慢性硬膜下血肿的CT表现,并就其发病原因、病程及血肿密度的关系做了相关分析。对慢性硬膜下血肿特别是等密度慢性硬膜下血肿的CT诊断与鉴别诊断做了细致探讨。     

鼻内镜术前应用枸地氯雷他定对慢性鼻窦炎的治疗效果及对患者嗅觉功能和鼻黏膜形态的影响

摘要 目的：探讨鼻内镜术前应用枸地氯雷他定对慢性鼻窦炎的治疗效果及对患者嗅觉功能和鼻黏膜形态的影响。方法：选取我院2019年1月到2022年12月收治的80例慢性鼻窦炎患者作为研究对象,分为观察组与对照组,各40例。对照组患者采取单纯鼻内镜手术治疗,观察组患者在术前应用枸地氯雷他定治疗1个月后再行鼻内镜手术,对比两组患者的临床治疗效果,治疗前后炎症因子水平,内镜下鼻粘膜形态量化评分,嗅觉功能与糖精试验时间。结果：两组患者治疗总有效率对比无差异（P＞0.05）;治疗后两组患者IL-6、IL-1、TNF-α相关炎症因子水平均降低,且观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）;治疗前两组患者鼻漏、结痂、瘢痕、黏膜水肿、息肉、脓性分泌物等情况内镜下鼻粘膜形态量化评分对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患者鼻漏、结痂、瘢痕、黏膜水肿、息肉、脓性分泌物等情况内镜下鼻粘膜形态量化评分均降低,且观察组较对照组低（P＜0.05）;治疗前两组患者嗅觉识别阈值、糖精试验时间对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,治疗后两组患者嗅觉识别阈值、糖精试验时间均降低,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：鼻内镜术前应用枸地氯雷他定对慢性鼻窦炎具有显著临床疗效,同时能够降低患者术后炎症因子水平,改善鼻黏膜形态,提升纤毛运动功能与嗅觉功能,值得临床应用推广。     

慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者血清OPN、BAFF、25-（OH）D3的变化及对息肉组织分型的鉴别价值探讨

摘要 目的：探讨慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）患者血清骨桥蛋白（OPN）、B细胞活化因子（BAFF）、25羟基维生素D3[25-（OH）D3]水平及其对息肉组织分型的鉴别价值。方法：选取2019年6月-2021年6月于延安大学附属医院治疗的87例CRSwNP患者为CRSwNP组,根据息肉组织嗜酸粒细胞浸润程度将其分为嗜酸性CRSwNP患者（ECRSwNP组,n=41）和非嗜酸性CRSwNP患者（nECRSwNP组,n=46）。选取同期于延安大学附属医院治疗的慢性鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉患者（CRSsNP组,n=60）和健康体检者（对照组,n=60）。比较CRSwNP组、CRSsNP组和对照组患者血清OPN、BAFF、25-（OH）D3水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析ECRSwNP发生的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评估各指标对CRSwNP息肉组织分型的鉴别价值。结果：CRSwNP组、CRSsNP组血清OPN、BAFF水平高于对照组,25-（OH）D3水平低于对照组,且CRSwNP组血清OPN、BAFF水平高于CRSsNP组,25-（OH）D3水平低于CRSsNP组（P<0.05）。ECRSwNP组变应性鼻炎史、哮喘病史患者占比、外周血嗜酸粒细胞数量及比例、血清总IgE浓度、血清OPN及BAFF水平高于nECRSwNP组（P<0.05）,而血清25-（OH）D3水平低于nECRSwNP组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：外周血嗜酸粒细胞数量及比例、血清总IgE浓度、血清OPN及BAFF水平升高是ECRSwNP发生的危险因素（P<0.05）,25-（OH）D3水平升高是ECRSwNP的保护因素（P<0.05）。血清OPN、BAFF、25-（OH）D3对CRSwNP息肉组织分型单独检测的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）分别为：0.789、0.800、0.817,联合检测鉴别CRSwNP患者息肉组织分型的AUC为0.900,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.860、0.827,联合检测鉴别价值更高（P＜0.05）。结论：血清OPN、BAFF和25-（OH）D3水平在不同息肉组织分型中具有差异性,CRSwNP患者血清OPN和BAFF水平升高是ECRSwNP发生的危险因素,25-（OH）D3水平升高是保护因素,联合检测辅助临床鉴别CRSwNP息肉组织类型的价值更高。     

Life Cycle Environmental and Cost Impacts of Using an Algal Turf Scrubber to Treat Dairy Wastewater

Using algae to simultaneously treat wastewater and produce energy products has potential environmental and economic benefits. This study evaluates the life cycle energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, eutrophication potential, and cost impacts of incorporating an algal turf scrubber (ATS) into a treatment process for dairy wastewater. A life cycle inventory and cost model was developed to simulate an ATS treatment system where harvested algae would be used to generate biogas for process heat and electricity generation. Modeling results show that using an ATS significantly reduces eutrophication impacts by reducing chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the wastewater. With low water recirculation rates through the ATS and high algae productivity, inclusion of the ATS results in net energy displacement and a reduction of GHG emissions compared to a system with no ATS. However, if high water recirculation rates are used or if algae biosolids from the digester are dried, the system results in a net increase in energy consumption and GHG emissions. The life cycle treatment cost was estimated to be $1.42 USD per cubic meter of treated wastewater. At this cost, using an ATS would only be cost effective for dairies if they received monetary credits for improved water quality on the order of $3.83 per kilogram of nitrogen and $9.57 per kilogram of phosphorus through, for example, nutrient trading programs.     

纳络酮联合活血祛瘀法治疗急性脑梗死22例临床观察

目的观察纳络酮联合活血祛瘀法治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法采用纳络酮联合活血祛瘀方药治疗急性脑梗死22例,并与西医综合治疗20例进行比较。结果纳络酮联合活血祛瘀治疗组疗效明显优于西医综合治疗组(X^2=7．838,P=0．020)。结论纳络酮联合活血祛瘀法对急性脑梗死有明显的治疗效果。     

Mapping of the QTL (quantitative trait locus) conferring partial resistance to leaf blast in rice cultivar Chubu 32

The rice cultivar Chubu 32 possesses a high level of partial resistance to leaf blast. The number and chromosomal location of genes conferring this resistance were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. For the mapping, 149 F₃ lines derived from the cross between rice cultivar Norin 29, with a low level of partial resistance, and Chubu 32 were used, and their partial resistance to leaf blast was assessed in upland nurseries. A linkage map covering six chromosomes and consisting of 36 RFLP markers was constructed. In the map, only one significant QTL (LOD>2.0) for partial resistance was detected on chromosome 11. This QTL explained 45.6% of the phenotypic variation. The segregation ratio of the F3 lines was 3:1 for partial resistance to susceptibility. These results suggest that the partial resistance in Chubu 32 is controlled by a major gene. Received: 15 March 2001 / Accepted: 13 August 2001     

Feasibility of Using Radio Frequency Identification to Facilitate Individual Producer Responsibility for Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Regulatory measures that hold producers accountable for their products at end of life are increasingly common. Some of these measures aim at generating incentives for producers to design products that will be easier and cheaper to recover at the postconsumer stage. However, the allocation of recovery costs to individual producers, which can facilitate realization of the goals of these policies, is hindered by the practical barrier of identification and/or sorting of the products in the waste stream. Technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID) can be used for brand or model recognition in order to overcome this obstacle. This article assesses the read rate of RFID technology (i.e., the number of successful retrievals of RFID tag data [“reads”] in a given sample of tagged products) and the potential role of RFID tags in the management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) at current levels of technical development. We present the results of RFID trials conducted at a civic amenity site in the city of Limerick, Ireland. The experiment was performed for fixed distances up to 2 meters on different material substrates. In the case of white goods (i.e., large household appliances), a 100% read rate was achieved using an RFID handheld reader. High read rates were also achieved for mixed WEEE. For a handheld scan of a steel cage containing mixed WEEE, read rates varied from 50% to 73% depending on the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) metal mount tag employed and the relative positioning of the tags within the cage. These results confirm that from a technical standpoint, RFID can achieve much greater brand or model identification than has been considered feasible up to now, and thus has a role to play in creating a system that allocates recovery costs to individual producers.     

Internet of things-enabled photomultiplier tube- and smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence platform to detect choline and dopamine using 3D-printed closed bipolar electrodes

There is a growing demand to realize low-cost miniaturized point-of-care testing diagnostic devices capable of performing many analytical assays. To fabricate such devices, three-dimensional printing (3DP)-based fabrication techniques provide a turnkey approach with marked precision and accuracy. Here, a 3DP fabrication technique was successfully utilized to fabricate closed bipolar electrode-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) devices using conductive graphene filament. Furthermore, using these ECL devices, Ru(bpy)₃²⁺/TPrA- and luminol/H₂O₂-based electrochemistry was leveraged to sense dopamine and choline respectively. For ECL signal capture, two distinct approaches were used, first a smartphone-based miniaturized platform and the second with a photomultiplier tube embedded with the internet of things technology. Choline sensing led to a linear range 5–700 μM and 30–700 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.25 μM (R² = 0.98, N = 3) and 3.27 μM (R² = 0.97, N = 3). Furthermore, dopamine sensing was achieved in a linear range 0.5–100 μM with an LOD = 2 μM (R² = 0.99, N = 3) and LOD = 0.33 μM (R² = 0.98, N = 3). Overall, the fabricated devices have the potential to be utilized effectively in real-time applications such as point-of-care testing.     

活性氧中间体和NO在植物抗病中的作用

植物与病原菌互作时,活性氧中间体(reactiveoxygenintermediates,ROI)和一氧化氮(NO)参与了植物抗病性的建立。寄主与病原菌非亲合性互作产生二次氧爆发高峰,体内NO增加。许多氧化酶可以催化氧爆发产生ROI。ROI和NO通过氧化还原信号启动寄主细胞局部的过敏性坏死反应和全株系统获得性抗病性。     

利用PHI数据进行区域性植物生理信息探测与分析

本次试验研究选择两个实验区 :沼泽地和植被茂盛区。利用 2 0 0 0年 9月上旬在黑龙江省大兴安岭地区获取的推帚式超光谱成像 ,(PHI,pushbroomhyperspectralimager)数据进行区域性植物生理量 (主要是叶绿素 )的探测与生态分析。在叶绿素含量探测中 ,结合所获取的成像光谱PHI数据的特点 ,在比较不同技术方法的基础之上 ,选用了有效而简单可靠的RARS(Ratioanalysisofreflectancespectra)指数。该色素指数与植物叶绿素a、b含量拟合的相关系数 (R)达 0 .8以上。利用PHI数据和野外实测植物光谱分别建立沼泽地和植被茂盛区的RARS指数模式 ,分别得到具有指示两试验区的叶绿素a (Chla)、叶绿素b (Chlb)以及类胡萝卜素 (Cars)的参数图像。更进一步地利用Blackburn(1998)所建立的RARS指数与叶绿素浓度之间的强拟合方程 ,相对定量估算了叶绿素a、b浓度的区域性分布 ,清晰地反映出植被生态状况和差异。这与野外实地考察较为一致。