单面针的生物碱研究

自芸香科(Rutaceae)花椒属植物单面针(Zanthoxylum nitidum var. fastuosum How ex Huang)的根皮中分得五种已知生物碱:乙氧基白屈菜红碱(ethoxychelerythrine)(Ⅰ);氯化光花椒碱(nitidine chloride)(Ⅱ);去甲基白屈菜红碱(des-N-methychelerythrine)(Ⅲ);α—别隐品碱(α-allocryptopine)(Ⅳ);鹅掌揪宁(liriodenine)(Ⅴ).     

单面针的生物碱研究

自芸香科(Rutaceae)花椒属植物单面针(Zanthoxylum nitidum var. fastuosum How ex Huang)的根皮中分得五种已知生物碱:乙氧基白屈菜红碱(ethoxychelerythrine)(Ⅰ);氯化光花椒碱(nitidine chloride)(Ⅱ);去甲基白屈菜红碱(des-N-methychelerythrine)(Ⅲ);α—别隐品碱(α-allocryptopine)(Ⅳ);鹅掌揪宁(liriodenine)(Ⅴ).     

刺异叶花椒的化学成分研究

从芸香科花椒属植物刺异叶花椒(Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum var. spinifolium)中分得五个已知的化合物,其中四个为生物碱:氧化勒(木党)碱(oxyavicine)(Ⅰ);铁屎米酮(canthin-6-one)(Ⅱ);乙氧基白屈菜红碱(ethoxychelerythrine)(Ⅲ);勒(木党)碱(avicine)(Ⅳ);另一化合物为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(Ⅴ)。     

巴山花椒根的化学成分研究

首次报道从芸香科花椒属植物巴山花椒（ＺａｎｔｈｏｘｙｌｕｍｐａｓｈａｎｅｎｓｅＮ．Ｃｈａｏ）根中分到９种结晶性化合物,经物理常数测定、光谱分析及化学方法,分别鉴定了两面针碱（Ⅰ）、β－谷甾醇（Ⅱ）、氧化两面针碱（Ⅲ）、胡萝卜甙（Ⅳ）、１－芝麻素（Ⅴ）、去甲白屈菜红碱（Ⅵ）、异地卡灵（Ⅶ）及另一化合物Ｙａｎｇａｍｂｉｎ（Ⅸ）。晶Ⅷ的结构尚待证实。     

滑叶花椒的生物碱研究

从芸香科滑叶花椒(Zanthoxylum laetum Drake)的根部分离出三种生物碱。经紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振和质谱鉴定,分别为:(Ⅰ)去甲基白屈菜红碱(N-Desmethyl chelerythrine),(Ⅱ)氧化两面针碱(Oxynitidine)及(Ⅲ)氯化两面针碱(Nitidine chloride)。     

狭叶花椒化学成分研究（II）

从芸香科植物狄叶花椒(Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemls)根皮中分到5个化合物。通过IR,Uv,MS,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR,~1H-~1Hcosy,~(13)CNMR-APT,~(13)CNMR-DEPT,元素分析等手段,单体分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),双狭叶花椒碱(bistenofine),鹅掌楸宁(liridenine),Decarine,Arnottianamide。其中双狭叶花椒碱是一种新生物碱。     

狭叶花椒化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从芸香科植物狄叶花椒(Zanthoxylum stenophyllum Hemls)根皮中分到5个化合物。通过IR,Uv,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹H-¹Hcosy,¹³CNMR-APT,¹³CNMR-DEPT,元素分析等手段,单体分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),双狭叶花椒碱(bistenofine),鹅掌楸宁(liridenine),Decarine,Arnottianamide。其中双狭叶花椒碱是一种新生物碱。     

高酸值花椒种籽油的碱炼及工艺

在前人研究的基础上,对高酸值花椒籽油的碱炼除酸实用技术进步进一步的研究。结果表明,传统的常规碱炼技术可以对酸值在２０以下的花椒籽油进行精炼;用采用稀溶液分步间歇式碱炼则可以处理酸值高达６０－７０的花椒籽油。实验室试验表明稀溶液分步间歇式碱炼的工艺流程,可以在低炼耗的水平上得到酸值较理想的花椒籽碱炼油,同时该碱炼方法 显著的降低花椒籽油的色度。     

刺壳椒化学成分研究

刺壳椒又名三百棒 ,系芸香科花椒属植物。其根、茎、果实均可供药用〔1,2〕。刺壳椒化学成分的研究尚未见报道。我们曾对数种原产于中国的花椒属植物进行过化学成分的研究 〔3～ 12〕,并讨论了花椒属中Zanthoxylum和 Fagara2个亚属合并为广义的 Zanthoxylum的合理性〔13〕。为了寻找新的生物活性成分 ,并给花椒属的化学系统学提供一定依据 ,我们初步研究了刺壳椒的化学成分 ,从其茎的乙醇提取物中分得 9个化合物 ,其中 6个分别鉴定为白藓碱 ( ) ,γ-花椒碱 ( ) ,6,7,8-三甲氧基香豆素 ( ) ,β-谷甾醇 ( ) ,胡箩卜甙 ( )和一长链混合脂肪酸…     

竹叶花椒化学成分研究

从竹叶花椒(Zanlhoxylum armatum DC.)树皮中分离到13种化合物,经波谱(UV,IR,NMR,MS)分析及理化常数的对照,鉴定出其中的9种,它们是:β-白檀酮(β-amyrone)(Ⅱ),β-香木脂醇(β-amyrin)(Ⅱ),L-细辛素(L-asarinin)(Ⅳ),L-芝麻素(L-sesamin)(V).L-竹叶椒脂素(L-planinin)(Ⅵ),β-胡萝卜甙(β-daucosterol)(X),香草酸(Vanillic acid)(Ⅺ),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(Ⅻ),和一长链混合脂肪酸(二十四酸为主)(A mixed long-chain fatty acid)(Main in C_(24)H_(48)O_2)(Ⅻ)。其中的晶Ⅱ和Ⅺ为首次从该属植物分离到,晶Ⅱ,Ⅴ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ和Ⅻ为首次从本植物分离到。 其余4种化合物正在鉴定中。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.