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Scientists and policy-makers are now well aware of the ecological and societal problems associated with the introduction of species by humans across natural barriers to dispersal. Some introduced species spread abundantly in their new habitats and have negative effects on existing species, both agricultural and natural. Such introduced, invasive species can alter fire, nutrient, and hydrological regimes and have large economic costs.
In many parts of the world, this awareness has come rather late: commerce and travel have already carried large numbers of plants, animals, and microbes between many regions. In contrast, China's relative self-remove from global trade during much of the second half of the 20th century may have earned it a partial reprieve from invasions from abroad and reduced the number of invasions from China to elsewhere. If so, there could be a new wave of species invasions between China and North America impending. China's trade with the U.S. increased by 460% from 1992 to 2002, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce. This may be the critical moment to apply the lessons learned from invasions across other oceans and forestall new invasions across the Pacific. We need to match growth in trade with growth in the science and policy needed to prevent and control introductions.
To this end, some 100 scientists and representatives of governmental and non-governmental organisations from eight countries gathered on June 6-11 for the Beijing International Symposium on Biological Invasions, subtitled "Species Exchanges Between Eastern Asia and North America: Threats to Environment and Economy". The Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Sino-Ecologists Club Overseas organized the meeting, under the leadership of Xinguo Han and Ming Dong for the Institute and Shili Miao for the Club. The National Science Foundation of China, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Asian Ecology Section of the Ecological Society of America provided additional support. Shili Miao and Jianhui Huang coordinated the program and logistics, and the Beijing Botanical Garden provided the venue, appropriately stocked with introduced plants from around the world, presumably non-invasive ones.
There were two keynote addresses. Harold Mooney (Stanford, USA) highlighted the need for scientists to develop quantitative tools that managers can use to analyze the extent and the impacts of invasions. Richard Mack (Washington State, USA) noted that the phylogenetic, latitudinal, and climatic similarities between China and the U.S. may predispose introductions from one to the other to bloom into invasions. The 37 other talks and the posters focused on current patterns of invasion in eastern Asia, the theory of invasions, techniques to manage invasions, and policies to prevent them. 相似文献
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ALPERT Peter 《植物生态学报》2005,(3)
Scientistsandpolicy_makersarenowwellawareoftheecologicalandsocietalproblemsassociatedwiththeintroductionofspeciesbyhumansacrossnaturalbarrierstodispersal.Someintroducedspeciesspreadabundantlyintheirnewhabitatsandhavenegativeeffectsonexistingspecies ,bothagriculturalandnatural.Suchintroduced ,invasivespeciescanalterfire ,nutrient,andhydrologicalregimesandhavelargeeconomiccosts .Inmanypartsoftheworld ,thisawarenesshascomeratherlate :commerceandtravelhavealreadycarriedlargenumbersofplants ,animal… 相似文献
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《四川动物》2008,27(3):448
[本刊讯]由国际猫科动物保护协会、中国科学院动物研究所、美国野生生物保护学会、国际雪豹基金会和全球雪豹网络等组织的国际雪豹生存策略研讨会(International Conference on Range—wide Conservation Planning for SnowLeopards)于2008年3月7~11日在北京召开。15个国家研究雪豹的专家和有雪豹分布的12个国家政府的相关官员共100余位与会者参加了这次研讨会。会议对当前雪豹的分布、受威胁的现状和原因、今后的保护对策等进行了研讨,并就雪豹的生物学、生态学和资源调查监测技术(红外线照像、无线电项圈、GPS遥感跟踪、卫星电话遥感、粪便毛发基因检测、数据处理、训狗监测跟踪等)、建立雪豹生态走廊和雪豹自然保护区(特别是跨国保护区)、雪豹分布区的社区群众教育和旅游项目、 相似文献
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生物多样性观察年(IBOY)的核心项目包括4个大的主题:1)全球生物多样性现状;2)生 物多样性的变化方式;3)生物多样性对人类生活的价值;4)人类如何保护生物多样性。本 文对这些主题内的不同课题进行了介绍,同时对我国生物多样性科学的发展提出了相应的建 议。 相似文献
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至今,包括我国在内的国际社会在生物多样性保护上采取了多种行动计划,但世界各国领导人在2002年于南非召开的联合国"世界可持续发展"峰会上所作的在2010年"国际生物多样性年"前扭转生物多样性快速丧失趋势的承诺至今都无法实现。究其主要原因,除了没有解决好生物多样性的可持续利用外,还在于所采取的多种保护行动中忽视了文化层面,尤其是土著民族生态文化多样性的保护与应用。本文以地处滇南的西双版纳傣族热带雨林生态文化为例,讨论了民族生态文化在生物多样性保护与持续利用上的重要作用,即生物多样性保护与文化多样性保护是一枚硬币的两面,相辅相成,缺一不可。 相似文献
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