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紊蒿属一新种和对该属分类及演化的讨论 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对新种多头紊蒿(Elachanthemum polycephalum Z.Y.Zhu et C.Z.Liang)的形态特征进行了描述,并从形态和生态特征、地理分布及其区系起源等方面探讨了紊蒿属(Elachanthemum Y.Ling et Y.R.Ling)的分类地位。结果表明：紊蒿属与百花蒿属(Stilpnolepis Krasch.)在形态上虽有相近之处,但花、果实和花粉等形态差异明显,因而不能并入百花蒿属,而应独立成属。该属起源于第三纪亚洲北部的古蒿类群(Pro-Artemisia L.),是蒿类中较为原始的属,为古地中海东部残遗的旱生成分,也是现代亚洲中部荒漠(戈壁荒漠)的持有属;多头紊蒿新种的发现,使紊蒿属从单种属变成寡种(双种)属,表明荒漠植物区系的物种分化仍在进行。 相似文献
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Terufumi Yamasu 《Hydrobiologia》1991,227(1):273-282
We studied the taxonomy and distribution of the Conchostraca in Yugoslavia. A diverse fauna occurs in the country. However, the systematics of this group is still incomplete and has many problems. There is considerable variability of morphological characters. By a comparative-morphological analysis of the populations found, we re-evaluated the taxonomic significance of a series of structural characters, and offer comments on the results.In Yugoslavia four families were found: Cyzicidae Stebbing, 1910; Limnadiidae Burmeister, 1843; Imnadiidae Botnariuc & Orghidan, 1941 and Leptestheriidae Daday, 1923, with a present total of 8 species and 4 subspecies. Within the genus Imnadia Hertzog, 1935, three new species were found: Imnadia cristata Marinek, 1972; Imnadia banatica Marinek & Valvajter, 1982 and Imnadia panonica Marinek & Petrov, 1984. Within the genus Eoleptestheria Daday, 1923, the species Eoleptestheria spinosa Marinek, 1978, with four distinct subspecies was discovered. 相似文献
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西藏、新疆、青海北部和东北部、甘肃西北部、山西中部、内蒙古; 哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯西伯利亚、蒙古. 模式标本采自俄罗斯阿尔泰山。 相似文献
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鳞毛蕨属ＤｒｙｏｐｔｅｒｉｓＡｄａｎｓ．泡鳞亚属ＳｕｂｇｅｎｕｓＥｒｙｔｈｒｏｖａｒｉａｅ（Ｈ．Ｉｔｏ）Ｆｒａｓｅｒ－ＪｅｎｋｉｎｓｉｎＢｕｌ．Ｂｒ．Ｍｕｓ．Ｎａｔ．Ｈｉｓｔ．Ｂｏｔ．１４（３）：１９５．１９８６．Ｔｙｐｅ：Ｄｒｙｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｅｒｙ... 相似文献
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Abstract: Using optical and scanning electron microscopy, we completed a palynological study of the subtribe Artemisiinae (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), which we started in a previous paper. This subtribe contains different genera with a systematic position that, in many cases, has been controversial. There is a group of genera closely related to Artemisia, and another one more related to Chrysanthemum sensu lato. We confirm the existence of two pollen morphological patterns - concerning exine ornamentation - in the tribe Anthemideae and in the subtribe Artemisiinae as currently considered: one with long spines ( Anthemis type) and the other with short spinules ( Artemisia type). This feature is a good taxonomic marker, well correlated with other morphological and with molecular characters. This enables a new delimitation of the subtribe Artemisiinae, which is characterized by pollen grain ornamentation constituted by short spinules (microechinate pollen), and should be restricted to Artemisia and the closely related genera that share this trait. 相似文献
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中国产禾本科植物内生真菌的遗传多样性及rDNA-ITS系统发育分析 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
采用RAPD技术对分离自我国的13株Epichlo?spp.和9株Neotyphodiumspp.的禾本科植物内生真菌进行了遗传多样性分析,同时对其中的4株进行了rDNA-ITS序列分析及系统发育研究。RAPD分析结果显示:原产自我国的菌株与原产自欧洲的菌株N.uncinatum之间亲缘关系较远;我国的21个菌株之间也存在一定的遗传多样性。rDNA-ITS序列分析表明:原产自我国的菌株聚为一枝,表明我国的Neotyphodium属真菌很有可能直接由我国的Epichlo?属真菌演化而来的新的类群;我国的Epichlo?属真菌有可能和国外推测的一个未确定的Neotyphodium属真菌的杂交进化起源(LAC)有关。 相似文献
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植物染色体图象分析数据库在芸苔族分类研究中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文首次用电脑图象分析手段对芸苔族5属13种植物进行了核型分析。其中蓝花子Raphanus;sativus var．raphanistroides、白芥Sinapis alba等植物的核型分析结果,都是国内外首次报道的。笔者建立了十字花科芸苔族植物的染色体数据库,这是国内外第一个专科性的植物染色体图象分析数据库,并且首次将染色体图象分析数据库应用于分类学研究。例如,比较分析芸苔族植物种间的亲缘关系和分类地位,以及探索物种之间的演化关系,得到了若干新的核型论据。笔者认为,植物染色体图象分析数据库在植物分类学研究中具有应用前景。 相似文献
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Lang Kai-Yong 《植物分类学报：英文版》1992,30(5):460-470
In the present paper 11 genera and 16 species of the Orchidaceae arerecorded form Xinjiang, of which five species are new records to Xinjiang andthree are new records to China. 相似文献
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From the point of view of its biodiversity, the Iberian Peninsula is one of the most interesting areas. Its special geographical
location and geological history have created a high degree of diversity within the invertebrates groups in general, and within
the ecological group of the Turbellaria in particular. In the present work, old and new records of turbellarian species from
the central areas of the Iberian Peninsula are presented. Data on their biology and distribution within the freshwater habitats,
mainly limnic, are also provided. This study is mainly based on the project Fauna Iberica III.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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为了解江西柘林水库鱼类群落结构和多样性的时空变化特征,研究鱼类物种多样性和功能多样性的关系,于2020年9月至2021年4月在该水库调查分析了鱼类物种组成、优势度及群落物种多样性和功能多样性。结果表明,共采集鱼类53种,分属于5目12科36属。其中,鲤形目(38种)种类最多,占调查物种数的71.69%,柘林水库上、中、下游库区分别采集到鱼类36、40和32种,各库区均以鲤形目鱼类为主,分别占采集物种数的72.97%、85.00%和75.00%。优势物种主要是■(Hemiculter leucisculus)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)和黄尾鲴(Xenocypris davidi),重要种主要是草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、鲫(Carassius auratus)、蒙古红鲌(Erythroculter mongolicus)等。鱼类群落结构季节性差异大于空间格局差异,主要表现为秋季和冬季之间;生物多样性指数Margalef和功能丰富... 相似文献
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Fu Li-Kuo 《植物分类学报：英文版》1984,22(4):277-288
The genus Cephalotaxus contains a small number of species. It is adequatelyappreciated as a newly discovered cancerresistant medicament for the alkaloids obtained from its branches leaves and barks are of curative effect. This paper deals with the classificatory revision based on the morphological features, with the reference to the anatomical characters of leaves, types of alkaloids andpollen morphology observed. Two new combinations are proposed, and 4 species andvarieties are reduced in the paper. The genus Cephalotaxus is thus suggested to consistof 2 sections and 9 species. The trees occur in East Asia and the north of Indo-China, with 88% found in China where is the distribution centre and refuge of the genus.The genus in discussion is of unique morphological features which are distinctly different from these of Amentotaxus, Cephalotaxaceae, containing a single genus of Cephalotaxus, is closely related to Taxaceae, and therefore the Cephalotaxaceae is bestplaced in the Taxinieae of Coniferales. 相似文献
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中国缨鱼属鱼类的分类整理及一新属描述（鲤形目：鲤科） 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
经整理我国缨鱼属鱼类仅有１种,原属于此属的种Ｃｒｏｓｓｃｈｅｉｌｕｓ ｂａｍａｅｎｓｉｓ Ｆａｎｇ和Ｃｒｏｓｓｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓ ｌｉｕｃｈｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｉａｎｇ则归并于另一新属拟缨鱼属Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｃｒｏｓｓｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．,其上唇消失,吻皮与下唇相连,上颌与下唇相连以及口角须发达等特征与缨鱼属不同,同时其口角须发达,下唇两侧有纵行的颏汉以及下唇前缘具有显著的乳突状角质突起等 相似文献
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Lang Kai-Yung 《植物分类学报：英文版》1987,25(6):442-459
Peristylus is a genus of over 60 species, mainly distributed in the Old Worldtropics, with many species extending northwards to central China. In the present paper, thetaxa of the genus hitherto recorded in China are taxonomically and phytogeographically discussed and revised, and, as a result, 20 species are recognized, including one new species, P.jinchuanicus K. Y. Lang, and four new combinations, P. bulleyi (Rolfe) K. Y. Lang, P. forrestii (Schltr.) K. Y. Lang, P. longiracemus (Fukuyama) K. Y. Lang and P. neotineoides(Ames et Schltr.) K. Y. Lang. A full list of synonyms is given, a key to the species is provided and the distribution areas in China of all the taxa are mapped. 相似文献
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- Ecologists often group organisms based on similar biological traits or on taxonomic criteria. However, the use of taxonomy in ecology has many drawbacks because taxa may include species with very different ecological adaptations. Further, similar characters may evolve independently in different lineages.
- In this review, we examine the main criteria that have been used in the identification of nine modes of classifying phytoplankton non‐taxonomically. These approaches are based purely on morphological and/or structural traits, or on more complex combinations including physiological and ecological features.
- Different functional approaches have proved able to explain some fraction of the variance observed in the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of algal assemblages, although their effectiveness varies greatly, depending on the number and characteristics of functional traits used. The attribution of functional traits to single species or broad groups of species has allowed a few classifications (e.g. Functional Groups, FG) to be used in the assessment of ecological status.
- We stress that the misuse of functional classifications (by applying them under conditions other than those intended) can have serious consequences for interpreting ecological processes. Assigning functional traits or groups cannot be considered a surrogate for the knowledge of species or ecotypes, and the use of specific traits must always be justified and circumscribed within the limits of ecological questions and hypotheses.
- An important future challenge will be to integrate advances in molecular genetics, metabolomics and physiology with more conventional traits; this will form the basis of the next generation of functional classifications.
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在对有关形态特征进行分析之后．作者发现具三浅裂或三深裂基生叶,和较薄、脱落萼片的脱萼鸦跖花是鸦跖花属的原始种,而具五角形,三深裂基生叶的变叶三裂碱毛莨和裂叶碱毛莨是碱毛莨属的原始分类群．写出新修订的我国碱毛莨属属下分类群检索表;作者认为聚合果的形状是碱毛莨属的重要特征,并用来将此属的种分为二群,描述了碱毛莨属２新组,２新变种,水毛莨属１新变种．做出碱毛莨属２新组合报导了水毛莨属二种的新分布。 相似文献
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The species Ceratium divaricatum (Lemmermann) Kofoid has largely been subject to misidentification and taxonomic confusion. The history of the species is complex: originally illustrated by Bergh (1881) as Ceratium tripos var., for which Lemmermann (1899) gave it the name Ceratium tripos var. divaricatum; the name Ceratium divaricatum was used by Kofoid (1908) with no specification of authors or references. It shows a high degree of morphological variation and development of autotomy of the apical and antapical horns. This great morphological variation has led to misidentifications in routine examinations of phytoplankton materials, and several names have been used for this species, including Ceratium dens, Ceratium porrectum and Ceratium tripos var. ponticum, as well as Ceratium balechii, a proposed new species for intermediate forms. Here, the species is redescribed, on the basis of material from Mexican Pacific coasts. Morphological and ecologic differences exist among this species and other closely related ones. Distribution of C. divaricatum is wider than previously documented (mainly because of previous misidentifications): the North Pacific Ocean, from British Columbia in Canada to temperate or subtropical waters of Mexico, and then is interrupted to reappear again in coasts of Peru and Chile, and also in coasts of the Benguela area, the South‐west Atlantic Ocean. In tropical and equatorial areas of the Pacific Ocean, a more delicate form occurs, herein proposed as a variety of this species: Ceratium divaricatum var. balechii. C. divaricatum and var. balechii may be relatively abundant, even producing non‐toxic red tides, in various spots along coasts of the Pacific Ocean (Canada to Mexico). It appears to be a neritic form, with high sensibility to changes in water temperature, and presumably associated to upwelling areas. 相似文献