ON THE LARVAE OF THE CHINESE SPECIES OF THE SUBFAMILY CHRYSOMYINAE(DIPT.CALLIPHORIDAE)

In this paper, the author described the larvae of Chinese Chrysomyine flies. All larval specimens of the seven species studied in this paper were reared in the laboratory. The 7 species of Chrysomyinae are as follows: Chrysomya megacephala (Fab., 1794). Fig.1. Ch. pinguis (Wlk., 1858). Ch. bezziana Vill., 1914, Fig.2. Ch. defixa (Wlk., 1857), Fig.3. Achaetandrus rufifacies (Macq., 1842). Fig. 4a.b. Ach. villeneuvii (Patton. 1922). Fig. 4b. (right 5, 8.) Ceylonomyia nigripes (Aubt., 1932). Fig. 5. The larvae of following species are described for the first time.     

ON THE LARVAE OF THE CHINESE SPECIES OF THE TRIBE LUCILIINI (DIPT.CALLIPHORIDAE)

The present paper deals with the larvae of 10 species of Luciliini from China. The 10 species of Luciliini are as follows: Hypopygiopais infumata (Bigot, 1877), Fig. 1. Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wied., 1830), Fig. 2. Lucilia sericata (Meig., 1826), Fig. 3. L. cuprina (Wied., 1830), Fig. 4. L. illustris (Meig., 1826), Fig. 5. L. caesar (L., 1758), Fig. 6. L. porphyrina (Walk., 1857), Fig. 7. L. ampullacea laoshanensis Quo, 1952, Fig. 8.     

ON THE EVOLUTION OF MEGACERINES

<正> The megacerine deer (the tribe Megacerini of the subfamily Cervinae) is a rather ancient extinct group, known from the end of the Miocene, The tribe comprises 8 genera: Megaceros Owen, 1844, Sinomegaceros Dietrich, 1933, Praemegaceros Portis, 1920, Praedama Portis, 1920, Arvernoceros Heintz, 1970, Neomegaloceros Korotkevitch, 1971, Orchonoceros Vislobokova, 1979 and Praesinomegaceros Vislobokova, 1983. The Pleistocene history of megacerines is much studied regarding the evolutionary stage of these deer. Almost all students recognize the existence of two branches of megacerines in the Pleistocene of Europe: one of these connected with Megaceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1803) and the other with Praemegaceros verticornis (Dawkins, 1872), although the estimations of the systematic range of these cervids are different (Azzaroli,     

DOES THE ABUNDANCE OF HOVERFLY (SYRPHIDAE) MIMICS DEPEND ON THE NUMBERS OF THEIR HYMENOPTERAN MODELS?

We tested the prediction that, if hoverflies are Batesian mimics, this may extend to behavioral mimicry such that their numerical abundance at each hour of the day (the daily activity pattern) is related to the numbers of their hymenopteran models. After accounting for site, season, microclimatic responses, and general hoverfly abundance at three sites in northwestern England, the residual numbers of mimics were significantly correlated positively with their models nine times of 17. Sixteen of 17 relationships were positive, itself a highly significant nonrandom pattern. Several eristaline flies showed significant relationships with honeybees even though some of them mimic wasps or bumblebees, perhaps reflecting an ancestral resemblance to honeybees. There was no evidence that good and poor mimics differed in their daily activity pattern relationships with models. However, the common mimics showed significant activity pattern relationships with their models, whereas the rarer mimics did not. We conclude that many hoverflies show behavioral mimicry of their hymenopteran models.     

STUDIES ON THE TAXONOMY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE CHINESE ORETINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: DREPANIDAE)

A total of 3 genera and 26 species of the Chinese Oretinae are represented in this paper; among them 13 species are described as new to science. All the type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology. An account of the geographic distribution is given in accompanying with a distribution map. From the distribution of 23 species,of Oreta, the richest areas are ap-     

ON THE FRESHWATER COPEPODS OF YUNNAN PROVINCE

The freshwater copepod-fauna of Yunnan Province is heretofore imperfectly known,although it had previously been reported by several authors, such as Brehm (1921, 1923,1930, 1931) from the Erh Hai Lake, Ta-li; Chappuis (1936) from Yungning; Tchangand Ⅰ (1945) from the Kunming Lake; Hsiao (1950) from the Erh-Hai Lake, Ta-li, andthe present authors (1964) from Hsi-Song-Pang-Na, Tai Autonomous County, SouthernYunnan, amounting in all not more than 26 species from the various localities mentionedabove. Recently, colleagues of the Institute of Hydrobiology have kindly put at our dis-posal three lots of zooplankton samples, which were collected during July—September,     

STUDIES ON CHINESE MICROPHALLID TREMATODES OF THE SUB-FAMILY MARITREMATINAE (TREMATODA:MARITREMATIDAE)

The sub-family Maritrematinae is known up to the time of writing toinclude 8 valid genera, namely, Maritrema, Microphalloides, Pseudospelo-     

ON THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF CAPITOSAURID FROM SINKIANG

During the field expedition to Sinkiang of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontologyand Paleoanthropology some fragments of capitosaurid have been collected from Taoshu-yuantze,Turfan,Sinkiang.In spite of their fragmentary state of preservation they displaysome interesting characteristics which are capable for determination.All the fourpieces were found near by and belong most probably to the same individual.This is ac-     

ON TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS TRIGULA FROM CHINA (GASTROPODA: POMATIOPSIDAE)

Among the materials of minute freshwater snails collected from Guangxi and Huana Provinces, two species are considered to be new to science. Holotype and paratypes are kept in the Laboratory of Medical Malacology, Department of Parasitology, Hubei Medical College.     

THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION IN THE TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE THELYGENIC—INTERSEXUAL OFFSPRING OF ORCHESTIA GAMMARELLUS (PALLAS) (AMPHIDOPA; CRUSTACEA

An increase in temperature to 25 or 30°C during embryonic development and the first stages of post-embryonic development in the temperature-sensitive thelygenic offspring of Orchestia gammarellus, brings about a higher male ratio in the broods, that is to say weakens or cancels the action of the feminising factor. The effect appears much earlier at 30 than at 25°C. At 30°C, the results achieved partly depend on the stage of embryonic development during which the heat treatment is applied. The more sensitive stages correspond to gastrulation and the formation of germ layers. The sensitivity to the increased temperature depends on the sexual genotype of the individuals: the 2AYY are more sensitive than the XY animals.     

ON NEW MATERIAL OF PALAEOLOXODON NAMADICUS OF CHINA,WITH DISCUSSION ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF SOME PLEISTOCENE ELEPHANTS OF CHINA

(Summary)The content of this paper includes the following 5 parts:Ⅰ.Palaeoloxodon namadicus namadi(typicus)MatsumotoⅡ.Palaeolokodon namadicus naumanni(Makiyama)Ⅲ.Palaeoloxodon namadicus yabei?MatsumotoⅣ.Discussion on the systematic classification of P.namadicus and some otherPleistocene elephants of chinaⅤ.Conclusion     

ON NEW MATERIAL OF STEGODON WITH RECOLLECTIONS OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF STEGODON IN CHINA

ReviseddiagnoaisCraniumcompressedanteroposteriorlyandhighvertical1y.Superiortuskslargeandstraight,nolowerincisors'Ridge-platesprogressiveIymulti-plyingfromsixtoelevenintheintermediateteeth,fromninetofifteenandhaIfilltheposteriormolars.Thereisamediancleftoritsvestigesintheanteriorridge-platesoftheprimitivespecies.Conesrapidlysubdividingbybinaryorternary.fissionintomultipleconelets(8-l2).Ridge-plateselevatingfrombrachyodonttosubhypsodont.Cementdevelopingintheval1eys.RemarksSarwar(l977)propose…     

THE EFFECT OF A HORN SNAIL ON ULVA EXPANSA (CHLOROPHYTA): CONSUMER OR FACILITATOR OF GROWTH?1

To determine whether California horn snails are more likely to be consumers or facilitators of Ulva expansa (Setch) S. & G. growth in estuaries, we conducted manipulative experiments that evaluated algal growth and the movement of N between the water column, algal tissue, and, in the second experiment, sediments. Algae grew poorly in the absence of sediments, drawing on their own sequestered N supplies (3.5% of dry weight reduced to <2%) and N released by snails and by depleting inorganic N in the water column. There was no evidence of consumption when snail densities ranged from 0 to 900.m^?2 (0, 3, 6, and 9 per aquarium), as algal growth was similar for all snail densities, and snail lengths did not increase during the 21–d experiment. when sediment was provided, N was depleted in the sediment and enhanced in the algal tissue. As in the first experiment, the water column was depleted of inorganic N and enriched with organic N, mostly in the dissolved form. Because both snails and macroalgae often dominate the shallow waters of southern California's lagoons and estuaries, our evidence that the snails are primarily facilitators of algal growth (via transfer of N from sediments to the water column) suggests that snails may play an important role in both food web and N dynamics.     

ON THE CHINESE CROESIA HUBNER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FIVE NEW SPECIES

Croesia is a small genus of Subfamily Tortricidae, Tribe Tortricini, established by H?bner in 1825. 27 species have been recorded in the world; except 3 species in North America and one species in Europe, the rest 23 species are all distributed in Asia. Among them, 9 species are recorded in China. We have had an opportunity of examining 11 species occurring in China, of which 5 are     

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF “ALBUMINURIA” (PROTEINURIA)

“Albuminuria” is an inadequate term; proteins other than albumin commonly appear in the urine.Proteinuria seems to depend upon failure of the tubules to reabsorb protein which has filtered through glomeruli. Its occurrence may be the result of abnormal plasma proteins, glomeruli or tubules. Proteinuria need not always be the result of a renal lesion, but may actually cause one.When proteinuria is discovered, it should arouse curiosity about the patient in general, not merely about his kidneys. Other clinical information is needed in order that treatment be directed appropriately.