共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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BackgroundThe European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) have recommended an algorithm based on the reference change value (RCV) to evaluate hemolysis. We utilized this algorithm to analyze hemolysis-sensitive parameters.MethodsTwo tubes of blood were collected from each of the 10 participants, one of which was subjected to mechanical trauma while the other was centrifuged directly. Subsequently, the samples were diluted with the participant''s hemolyzed sample to obtain the desired hemoglobin concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g/L). ALT, AST, K, LDH, T. Bil tests were performed using Beckman Coulter AU680 analyzer. The analytical and clinical cut-offs were based on the biological variation for the allowable imprecision and RCV. The algorithms could report the values directly below the analytical cut-off or those between the analytical and clinical cut-offs with comments. If the change was above the clinical cut-off, the test was rejected. The linear regression was used for interferograms, and the hemoglobin concentrations corresponding to cut-offs were calculated via the interferograms.ResultsThe RCV was calculated as 29.6% for ALT. Therefore, ALT should be rejected in samples containing >5.9 g/L hemoglobin. The RCVs for AST, K, LDH, and T. Bil were calculated as 27.9%, 12.1%, 19.2%, and 61.2%, while the samples'' hemoglobin concentrations for test rejection were 0.8, 1.6, 0.5, and 2.2 g/L, respectively.ConclusionsAlgorithms prepared with RCV could provide evidence-based results and objectively manage hemolyzed samples. 相似文献
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BackgroundPhlebotomy is one of the most important steps in the preanalytical phase of a clinical laboratory process. In order to decrease phlebotomy errors, this specific procedure should be taught in detail by laboratory organizations. Our study aims to practice the training program on venous blood sampling and observe the close follow-up results.MethodsIn this observational study, 127 students who started their summer internship in Antalya Education and Research Hospital were given a one-day theoretical phlebotomy training in accordance with the Venous Blood Sampling Guidelines. After the theoretical training, phlebotomy applications of 10 students who were working in the field of out-patient blood sampling were observed both with and without their knowledge. A comprehensive checklist related to phlebotomy was created by the trainers in Antalya Education and Research Hospital and the observers answered each question as yes or no. For the statistical analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used.ResultsAfter the theoretical education, the trainees were observed but no significant difference was found between the first and the second informed observations (p = 0.125). The students were observed three times more in the following week without their knowledge. There was a statistically significant difference between the first and the third unannounced observations (p=0.001).ConclusionsIn order to perform phlebotomy correctly, apart from theoretical education, a close follow-up is necessary too. 相似文献
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Aditi Bagchi Zachary Madaj Kelly B. Engel Ping Guan Daniel C. Rohrer Dana R. Valley Emily Wolfrum Kristin Feenstra Nancy Roche Galen Hostetter Helen M. Moore Scott D. Jewell 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》2021,69(5):297
Analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is commonplace in clinical and research laboratories. However, reports suggest that IHC results can be compromised by biospecimen preanalytical factors. The National Cancer Institute’s Biospecimen Preanalytical Variables Program conducted a systematic study to examine the potential effects of delay to fixation (DTF) and time in fixative (TIF) on IHC using 24 cancer biomarkers. Differences in IHC staining, relative to controls with a DTF of 1 hr, were observed in FFPE kidney tumor specimens after a DTF of ≥2 hr. Reductions in H-score and/or staining intensity were observed for c-MET, p53, PAX2, PAX8, pAKT, and survivin, whereas increases were observed for RCC1, EGFR, and CD10. Prolonged TIF of 72 hr resulted in significantly reduced H-scores of CD44 and c-Met in kidney tumor specimens, compared with controls with 12-hr TIF. An elevated probability of altered staining intensity due to DTF was observed for nine antigens, whereas for prolonged TIF an elevated probability was observed for one antigen. Results reported here and elsewhere across tumor types and antigens support limiting DTF to ≤1 hr when possible and fixing tissues in formalin for 12–24 hr to avoid confounding effects of these preanalytical factors on IHC. 相似文献
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Sebastian Rogers Rebecca Keogh Joel Pearson 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2021,376(1817)
Despite the desire to delve deeper into hallucinations of all types, methodological obstacles have frustrated development of more rigorous quantitative experimental techniques, thereby hampering research progress. Here, we discuss these obstacles and, with reference to visual phenomena, argue that experimentally induced phenomena (e.g. hallucinations induced by flickering light and classical conditioning) can bring hallucinations within reach of more objective behavioural and neural measurement. Expanding the scope of hallucination research raises questions about which phenomena qualify as hallucinations, and how to identify phenomena suitable for use as laboratory models of hallucination. Due to the ambiguity inherent in current hallucination definitions, we suggest that the utility of phenomena for use as laboratory hallucination models should be represented on a continuous spectrum, where suitability varies with the degree to which external sensory information constrains conscious experience. We suggest that existing strategies that group pathological hallucinations into meaningful subtypes based on hallucination characteristics (including phenomenology, disorder and neural activity) can guide extrapolation from hallucination models to other hallucinatory phenomena. Using a spectrum of phenomena to guide scientific hallucination research should help unite the historically separate fields of psychophysics, cognitive neuroscience and clinical research to better understand and treat hallucinations, and inform models of consciousness.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’. 相似文献
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Jean-Daniel Tissot Christine Currat Dominique Sprumont 《Expert review of proteomics》2017,14(8):643-644
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目的 调查分析山西省临床检验15项质量指标现状。方法 利用网络平台,向辖区内598家医疗机构临床实验室发放调查表。对规定时间内回报的数据,利用Microsoft Excel 2003、SPSS13.0进行统计学分析处理。结果 194家实验室回报结果。13项以率统计的指标再用西格玛（Sigma,σ）度量评价,有10项总体σ满足最低可接受水平（3σ）,其余3项总体σ水平均<1。不同等级医院实验室和不同专业之间部分项目有显著差异。不同专业常规检验前周转时间约为30 min,急诊检验为10 min。不同专业常规检验中周转时间在 30~180 min,急诊在 20~60 min。结论 通过本次调查研究了解到检验中的质量控制工作相对薄弱。实验室应加强信息系统建设,保证可靠的数据采集和常态化的监控工作。 相似文献
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Frederic Chatigny 《Journal of applied animal welfare science : JAAWS》2013,16(4):400-410
Fish welfare is still a relatively new field. As such, regulations and protocols to ensure fish welfare are currently limited and vary considerably in different jurisdictions. This is in part because of the ongoing controversy as to whether or not fish feel pain. This controversy has persisted for several years, yet veterinarians have been mostly absent from the discussion so far. This essay aims to address this issue. Here, it is argued that while this controversy has its place, it is unlikely to be resolved in the near future. Fish welfare could instead be improved by pursuing more clinically applicable research to increase knowledge of fishes’ behavior and physiology. Such research would assist in learning the optimal environment for their specific needs, as well as compiling some verified indicators of pain in fish. This would then lead to improved studies that could help to determine if and when analgesic drugs can be beneficial in fish, as they are in many other species. 相似文献
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我国开展仿制药一致性评价最主要的困难之一是临床试验资源不足,解决办法是考虑将生物等效性临床试验资格认定调整为备案 管理。因此,对备案的医疗机构建设生物等效性试验研究室是一个潜在的挑战。文章分析了国内当前具备生物等效性 / I期临床资质的 机构、分布、承担项目能力及生物等效性临床试验机构、药物分析实验室和合同研究组织之间的关系等,对仿制药生物等效性临床试验 研究室的建设内容和规模展开讨论,供业内及监管部门参考。 相似文献
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Alfred Lindner Erich Hofmann Markus Naumann Georg Becker Heinz Reichmann 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1997,174(1-2):297-303
Nineteen patients (9 females, 10 males) with mitochondrial encephalomyopathies (ME) were studied. The diagnosis was established according to clinical and histopathological criteria. Leading clinical features were chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) and muscle weakness in 95% of the patients. Pigmentary retinopathy was seen in 63%, and was always associated with CPEO. Hypacusis was present in 47% and cerebellar ataxia in 63% of patients. Clinical or electrophysiological signs of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) were found in 21% of the patients. In muscle biopsy ragged red fibers were the predominant histopathological findings (100% of the patients), while COX-negative fibers were seen in 74%, deletions of the mitochondrial DNA in 42%, and defects of the respiratory chain in 32% of the patients. Increased blood lactate levels were found in 79% of the patients. Needle electromyography revealed myopathic features in 74%, features of denervation in 16%, and w as normal in the remainder. Imaging studies showed cerebral atrophy in 58%, cerebellar atrophy in 16%, and hyperintense lesions of the white matter, pyramidal tract or extrapyramidal system in 16% of the cases. It is concluded that the clinical manifestations of ME can be very variable. Diagnosis of ME should be always considered in young patients presenting with CPEO and muscle weakness. In most cases, diagnosis can be made by a few selected investigations, while detection of genetic abnormalities may lead to the diagnosis in the remaining cases. (Mol Cell Biochem 174: 297–303, 1997) 相似文献
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H. pylori is the major cause of human gastritis, duodenal ulcer and thus gastric adenocarcinoma. Many glycosphingolipid species have been postulated as receptors for H. pylori and it is likely that H. pylori attachment requires multiple, perhaps sequential receptor/ligand interactions. In this study, the binding of a number of H. pylori clinical isolates, as well as stock strains, to acid and neutral glycosphingolipids separated on thin-layer chromatograms was characterized under microaerobic conditions. All H. pylori clinical isolates, laboratory strains and type culture collection strains recognized galactosylceramide (Gal1Cer) with ceramide containing sphingosine and hydroxylated fatty acid (type I), or non-hydroxylated fatty acid (type II), on thin-layer chromatograms and when incorporated into liposomes. The clinical isolates bound stronger to Gal1Cer (type II) than Gal1Cer (type I) on TLC, whereas lab and culture collection strains showed the opposite binding preference. A clear preference in binding to Gal1Cer (type I) incorporated into liposome was shown by most tested strains. Clinical isolates bound well to glucosylceramide (Glc1Cer) with hydroxylated fatty acid, whereas weak binding to this glycolipid was detected with the lab and type collection strains. None of the tested strains bound Glc1Cer with non-hydroxylated fatty acid on the solid surface, but some strains of both clinical or type collection origins showed weak or very weak binding in the liposome assay. A clear distinction between the binding specificity of living organisms (under microaerobic conditions) as opposed to dying organisms (under normoxic conditions) illustrates the importance of cellular physiology in this process.These studies illustrate lipid modulation of the potential receptor function of monohexosylceramides and the distinction between the receptor repertoire of H. pylori clinical isolates and cultured strains commonly used to study host-cell adhesion. 相似文献
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C.L. Snider E.J.Dick Jr D.L. McGlasson M.C. Robbins R.L. Sholund Y.R. Bommineni & G.B. Hubbard 《Journal of medical primatology》2009,38(6):390-396
Background Near patient testing (NPT) and point-of-care testing (POCT) using portable benchtop analyzers has become necessary in many areas of the medical community, including biocontainment.
Methods We evaluated the Beckman AcT diff, Abaxis Vetscan HMII (two instruments), Abbott Cell-Dyn 1800, and Abaxis Vetscan VS2 for within-run precision and correlation to central laboratory instruments using non-human primates blood.
Results Compared with the central laboratory instruments, the Beckman AcT diff correlated on 80%; the HMII instruments on 31% and 44%, the CD1800 on 31%, and the VS2 on 71% of assays. For assays with published manufacturers precision guidelines, the AcT diff met all nine, the HMII instruments met one and six of six, and the CD 1800 met one of six.
Conclusions Laboratories using NPT/POCT must test their individual instruments for precision and correlation, identify assays that are reliable, and exclude or develop supplemental procedures for assays that are not. 相似文献
Methods We evaluated the Beckman AcT diff, Abaxis Vetscan HMII (two instruments), Abbott Cell-Dyn 1800, and Abaxis Vetscan VS2 for within-run precision and correlation to central laboratory instruments using non-human primates blood.
Results Compared with the central laboratory instruments, the Beckman AcT diff correlated on 80%; the HMII instruments on 31% and 44%, the CD1800 on 31%, and the VS2 on 71% of assays. For assays with published manufacturers precision guidelines, the AcT diff met all nine, the HMII instruments met one and six of six, and the CD 1800 met one of six.
Conclusions Laboratories using NPT/POCT must test their individual instruments for precision and correlation, identify assays that are reliable, and exclude or develop supplemental procedures for assays that are not. 相似文献
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Jenkins MA 《Molecular biotechnology》2000,15(3):201-209
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely sensitive technique, which has been used in the clinical laboratory for almost
10 yr. The components of CE instrumentation are described, as are injection modes, buffers, and effects of electroosmotic
flow. The modes of separation used in CE, namely, capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary
isotachophoresis, and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, are explained. References for 26 different clinical
applications of CE are included, among them assays that are used routinely as well as niche assays for specialized applications
of CE. Verification of CE assays, current instrumentation, and future development of CE in the clinical laboratory are addressed. 相似文献
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BackgroundThe laboratory testing process consist of five analysis phases featuring the total testing process framework. Activities in laboratory process, including those of testing are error-prone and affect the use of laboratory information systems. This study seeks to identify error factors related to system use and the first and last phases of the laboratory testing process using a proposed framework known as total testing process-laboratory information systems.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative case study evaluation in two private hospitals and a medical laboratory. We collected data using interviews, observations, and document analysis methods involving physicians, nurses, an information technology officer, and the laboratory staff. We employed the proposed framework and Lean problem solving tools namely Value Stream Mapping and A3 for data analysis.ResultsErrors in laboratory information systems and the laboratory testing process were attributed to failure to fulfill user requirements, poor cooperation between the information technology unit and laboratory, inconsistency of software design in system integration, errors during inter-system data transmission, and lack of motivation in system use. The error factors are related to system development elements, namely, latent failures that considerably affected the information quality and system use. Errors in system development were also attributed to poor service quality.ConclusionsComplex laboratory testing process and laboratory information systems require rigorous evaluation in minimizing errors and ensuring patient safety. The proposed framework and Lean approach are applicable for evaluating the laboratory testing process and laboratory information systems in a rigorous, comprehensive, and structured manner. 相似文献
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B. Bode‐Lesniewska B. Cochand‐Priollet P. Straccia G. Fadda M. Bongiovanni 《Cytopathology》2019,30(1):7-16
Thyroid nodules are common and are increasingly detected due to recent advances in imaging techniques. However, clinically relevant thyroid cancer is rare and the mortality from aggressive thyroid cancer remains constant. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a standard method for diagnosing thyroid malignancy and the discrimination of malignant nodules from goitre. As the examined nodules on thyroid FNAC are often small incidental findings, it is important to maintain a low rate of undetermined diagnoses requiring further clinical work up or surgery. The most important factors determining the accuracy of the cytological diagnosis and suitability for biobanking of thyroid FNACs are the quality of the sample and availability of adequate tissue for auxiliary studies. This article discusses technical aspects (preanalytics) of performing thyroid FNAC, including image guidance and rapid on‐site evaluation, sample collection methods (conventional slides, liquid‐based methods, cell blocks) and storage (bio‐banking). The spectrum of special studies (immunocytochemistry on direct slides or liquid‐based cytology, immunohistochemistry on cell blocks and molecular methods) required for improving the precision of the cytological diagnosis of the thyroid nodules is also discussed. 相似文献