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Boran Pang Shiyao Sui Qin Wang Junqiang Wu Yanling Yin Shouping Xu 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(10):17420-17432
The function of DLEU1 in human cancer is largely unknown. The Cancer Genome Atlas data were applied to identify the landscape of differential genes between tumor tissues and normal tissues, which was further validated by our cohort data and pan-cancer data including 33 cancer types with 11,060 patients. Next, DLEU1 was selected to validate the novel finding and result showed that it promoted tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DLEU1 promotes SRP4 expression via increasing H3K27ac enrichment to SRP4 locus epigenetically. Moreover, epigenetic modification leads to upregulation of DLEU1 expression via decreased DNA methylation and increased H3K27ac and H3K4me3 histone modification in its locus. Finally, high expression of DLEU1 correlates with worse prognosis not only in specific cancer type patients but also in patients in the pan-cancer cohort. In summary, the work broadens the function landscape of known long noncoding RNAs in human cancer and provides novel insights into their roles in tumorigenesis. 相似文献
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端粒(telomere)是位于真核生物染色体末端的保护性结构,在调节细胞衰老及细胞寿命等 方面具有重要意义.人们已在端粒结构中鉴定出了一系列的蛋白因子,如TRF1、TRF2、Pot1 ,Rap1、Tin2等,这些因子在保护端粒以及维持端粒合适长度的过程中具有重要作用.最近 人们发现,在端粒结构以及亚端粒区域中存在丰富的表观遗传修饰,该类修饰包括组蛋白的 三甲基化、组蛋白的乙酰基化以及DNA的甲基化等.并且发现这些修饰在端粒长度调节过程以 及端粒相关疾病的发生发展过程中具有重要意义.人们推测,该机制可能对哺乳动物的衰老过 程以及衰老相关的疾病等方面具有重要的调节作用.本文将对这些方面的最新研究进展作一 介绍. 相似文献
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L. P. Miller S. Mayer L. D. Braun P. Geiger W. H. Oldendorf 《Neurochemical research》1988,13(4):377-382
In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals. Labeled glucose was delivered to brain by single bolus intracarotid injection and brain tissue was subsequently prepared at 15, 30 and 45 sec by freeze-blowing. Glycolytic intermediates were then separated by column chromatography. Our results showed a gradual decrease with time of14C-labeled glucose which gave a calculated rate for glucose metabolism of 0.86 mol/min/g and 0.56 mol/min/g in conscious and anesthetized animals, respectively. Compared to the results obtained using conscious animals the administration of pentobarbital not only resulted in a significant attenuation of the rate of glucose metabolism but also caused a similar reduction in the amount of14C incorporated into several glycolytic intermediates. These intermediates included: glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose, 1,6 diphosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and post glycolytic compounds. In addition, pretreatment with pentobarbital resulted in a 75% increase in the endogenous concentration of glucose, 10% increase in glucose 6-phosphate, no change in fructose 6-phosphate and 42% decrease in lactate compared to levels in brains obtained from conscious animals. These results are discussed in relation to control of glycolysis through coupled regulation at hexokinase-phosphofructokinase. 相似文献
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功能基因组学的飞速发展将越来越多的目光引向了对非编码转录产物功能的研究。在人的转录组中,存在着一类长度大于200nt,但并不具备编码蛋白质功能的基因转录产物,即长非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)。相比于小分子RNA,它们仍是目前基因组转录产物中较为陌生的部分。在整个基因组转录产物中,lncRNA所占的比例远远超过编码RNA所占的比例。不同于编码RNA,lncRNA的保守性要差得多,然而在其分子内部,却含有较为保守的局部区段,且其表达具有时空特异性,这些现象都提示了lncRNA具有重要的生理生化功能。越来越多的研究表明,lncRNA在基因表达调控方面发挥着十分重要的作用,与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着紧密的联系,其功能的深入研究将使目前对细胞的结构网络和调控网络的认识带来革命性的变化,具有不可估量的科学和临床价值。该文将着重讨论lncRNA在不同层面上对基因表达的调控机制以及在肿瘤发生发展中的意义。 相似文献
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Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. As early symptoms of lung cancer are minimal and non-specific, many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Despite a concerted effort to diagnose lung cancer early, no biomarkers that can be used for lung cancer screening and prognosis prediction have been established so far. As global DNA demethylation and gene-specific promoter DNA methylation are present in lung cancer, DNA methylation biomarkers have become a major area of research as potential alternative diagnostic methods to detect lung cancer at an early stage. This review summarizes the emerging DNA methylation changes in lung cancer tumorigenesis, focusing on biomarkers for early detection and their potential clinical applications in lung cancer. 相似文献
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Sabbattini P Canzonetta C Sjoberg M Nikic S Georgiou A Kemball-Cook G Auner HW Dillon N 《The EMBO journal》2007,26(22):4657-4669
Combinatorial modifications of the core histones have the potential to fine-tune the epigenetic regulation of chromatin states. The Aurora B kinase is responsible for generating the double histone H3 modification tri-methylated K9/phosphorylated S10 (H3K9me3/S10ph), which has been implicated in chromosome condensation during mitosis. In this study, we have identified a novel role for Aurora B in epigenetic marking of silent chromatin during cell differentiation. We find that phosphorylation of H3 S10 by Aurora B generates high levels of the double H3K9me3/S10ph modification in differentiated postmitotic cells and also results in delocalisation of HP1beta away from heterochromatin in terminally differentiated plasma cells. Microarray analysis of the H3K9me3/S10ph modification shows a striking increase in the modification across repressed genes during differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Our results provide evidence that the Aurora B kinase has a role in marking silent chromatin independently of the cell cycle and suggest that targeting of Aurora B-mediated phosphorylation of H3 S10 to repressed genes could be a mechanism for epigenetic silencing of gene expression. 相似文献
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表观遗传(epigenetics)是指DNA序列不发生变化但基因表达却发生了可遗传的改变.表观遗传调控过程十分复杂,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和微小RNA(miRNA)等.糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病,常伴随大血管和微血管并发症.糖尿病的发生、发展不仅取决于遗传因素,而且也受到表观遗传修饰的调控.因此,对表观遗传调控的研究将为糖尿病及其并发症的预防和治疗提供新的思路和方法. 相似文献
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植物中D:果糖6—磷酸1—磷酸转移酶(PPi—PFK,EG 2.7.1.90)活性的调节是非常重要的。这主要是因为它能可逆催化糖酵解和生糖两个方向的反应。光照处理菠萝叶片或离体的菠萝叶圆片使PPi—PFK的酶活性增高。与从暗处理的叶片中提取的酶的特性相比,光照处理的叶片中的酶对糖酵解方向催化活性相对增加。暗处理导致酶催化精酵解方向活性的下降。这种反映在酶活性和特性上的变化可为光照重新恢复。结果表明,菠萝叶片的PPi—PFK对体内糖酵解或生糖途径的贡献可能决定于光的状况。 相似文献
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组蛋白甲基转移酶MLL1因其基因易位重排所引起的混合系白血病(mixed lineage leukemia)而得名。MLL1蛋白在基因调控、细胞增殖、生长分化等正常生理功能中发挥着重要作用,染色体易位重排所产生的MLL1融合蛋白则与急性白血病的发生发展密切相关。目前人们对MLL1蛋白的结构和功能研究取得了很大的进展,为以MLL1和其相互作用蛋白为靶点的新型MLL白血病药物设计奠定了坚实的基础。 相似文献
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表观遗传修饰通过改变染色质空间构象和基因表达调控胚胎发育、细胞分化、器官发生和癌症形成,其调控形式包括组蛋白甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化、DNA甲基化、基因印迹和X染色体失活等。缺失的、小的、同源异形2(absent, small,homologous 2,ASH2)是组蛋白赖氨酸甲基转移酶复合物的核心成分,其属于三胸腔结构蛋白家族;在哺乳动物中ASH2可特异性甲基化H3K4,激活基因转录。在介绍组蛋白甲基化和三胸腔结构蛋白的基础上,综述了ASH2甲基酶对基因转录、HOX基因表达、癌症发生发展和细胞分化的调控功能,以期为其在动物繁育和人类疾病治疗中的应用提供思路。 相似文献
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染色质装配、修饰和重塑复合体,以及它们和核小体、染色质等一起形成的超大分子复合体的精细结构解析,对于在原子水平揭示表观遗传信息建立、维持和调控的分子机制至关重要.近年来,迅速发展的冷冻电镜三维重构技术对于解析这些多亚基、大分子质量、柔性超大分子复合体的结构带来了很好的机遇.本文综述了冷冻电镜三维重构技术在表观遗传学相关的结构研究领域中的一些应用和进展. 相似文献
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piRNA和PIWI蛋白的功能机制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
piRNA是2006年7月在动物生殖细胞中发现的一类新小分子非编码RNA。piRNA特异地与PIWI家族蛋白相互作用,因此,被命名为PIWI-interacting RNA,简称piRNA。这类长度在26~32核苷酸的小分子非编码RNA代表了一个生殖细胞转座子沉默的独特小RNA通路。它们可能通过与PIWI家族蛋白质相互作用,在表观遗传学水平和转录后水平沉默转座子等基因组自私性遗传元件,参与生殖干细胞自我维持和分化命运决定、减数分裂、精子形成等生殖相关事件。在piRNA发现后短短数年的时间,对其生物发生、功能及作用机制的研究都取得了诸多重大突破。该文就piRNA研究的最新研究进展作一简述。 相似文献