PICCO在重型颅脑损伤患者容量管理中的临床应用价值研究

目的:探讨脉搏指数连续心输出量(PICCO)技术在重型颅脑损伤患者液体管理中的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析重型颅脑损伤患者46例(男性27例,女性19例),以应用PICCO技术监测血流动力学指标指导液体管理的患者为治疗组(n=26),未应用PICCO技术指导液体管理的患者为对照组(n=20)。比较两组患者的日平均液体量、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHE II)、肺水肿发生率、住院时间、住院总费用以及治疗6个月后的格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)、生存率、颅脑损伤恢复良好率。结果:治疗期间,治疗组的GCS评分以及APACHEII评分均优于对照组,而治疗组的住院总费用高于对照组,但差异并无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组的日平均液体量、肺水肿发生率及住院时间均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗6个月后,治疗组患者的GOS评分、生存率和颅脑损伤恢复良好率均高于对照组,但差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用PICCO技术监测血流动力学指标指导重型颅脑损伤患者的容量管理可在一定程度上缩短危重患者的住院时间并降低肺水肿的发生率,但并不能明显改善患者的预后。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者血清SAA、ESR、CRP检测结果分析

目的:分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、血沉ESR(ESR)、C-反应蛋白CRP(CRP)的临床价值。方法:以我院2020年1月至2020年2月确诊的COVID-19患者51例为实验组:其中重症患者21例,轻症患者30例,选取非感染患者30例为对照组。分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者血清SAA、ESR、CRP水平以及临床价值。结果:实验组SAA、ESR、CRP水平高于对照组(P0.05);重症组SAA、ESR、CRP水平高于轻症组(P0.05),由ROC曲线得知SAA、ESR、CRP预测COVID-19的AUC小于三者联合预测的AUC。结论:COVID-19的SAA、ESR、CRP水平会升高,三者联合预测为疾病评估、预测疾病发展的提供依据,值得临床进一步推广应用。     

应激性高血糖与急性自发性脑出血患者术后并发症和早期预后的相关性研究

目的:探讨应激性高血糖与自发性脑出血患者术后并发症及早期预后的关系。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的自发性脑出血患者358例,根据入院时血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)及既往有无糖尿病史分为血糖正常组(96例)、应激性高血糖组(107例)及糖尿病组(155例),记录和比较各组入院时的血糖、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、平均出血量及入院后30 d时各组的术后并发症发生情况、格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)的差异。结果:糖尿病组入院时血糖水平、平均出血量、重型患者所占比率、脑出血破入脑室、颅内再出血、颅内感染、肺部感染、尿路感染及上消化道出血发生率、GOS分级植物状态或死亡发生率均明显高于应激性高血糖组(P0.05),GOS分级良好率低于应激性高血糖组(P0.05);而应激性高血糖组入院时血糖水平、平均出血量、重型患者所占比率、脑出血破入脑室、颅内再出血发生率、GOS分级植物状态或死亡发生率均明显高于血糖正常组(P0.05)。结论:自发性脑出血患者入院时应激性高血糖与患者的病情显著相关,可加重急性脑出血的不良预后。     

不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂疗效及预后分析

目的:比较不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂患者的疗效及对患者远期预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院2010年3月~2015年10月收治的120例颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受显微手术夹闭治疗,按手术时机分为超早期组(24 h,n=43)、早期组(24-72 h,n=36)、延期组(≥10 d,n=41),比较各组术后颅内动脉栓塞改善程度,统计各组术中及术后并发症发生情况,采用格拉斯哥量表(GOC)评定患者术后恢复情况,采用改良Rankin(m RS)表评定患者远期预后。结果:超早期组完全栓塞率略高于早期组、延期组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);超早期组术中、术后各并发症发生率略低于早期组、延期组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后6、12、24个月,超早期组、延期组GOS评分高于早期组、m RS评分低于早期组,超早期组GOS评分高于延期组,m RS评分低于延期组(P0.05)。结论:不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂手术效果无明显差异,但超早期、延期手术患者术后恢复及预后评分稍优于早期手术。     

APRIL is increased in serum of patients with brain glioblastoma multiforme

A PRoliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) is a cytokine with the ability to induce tumorigenesis. The aim of the study was to measure serum APRIL levels in patients with brain glioblastoma multiforme. Twenty five patients with brain tumor and a control group of 25 subjects took part in the study. APRIL was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method. The study showed increased APRIL levels in the serum of patients with brain glioblastoma multiforme compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the level of this cytokine between groups of patients divided according to their clinical state and tumor size (p > 0.05). Inflammation parameters such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) were also increased in patients with brain tumor compared to controls (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between APRIL and CRP and PMN (p < 0.05). Results from the study suggest that APRIL may play a role in the pathogenesis of brain glioblastoma multiforme. It is possible that anti-APRIL therapy might be useful in this disease. However, this cytokine cannot be regarded as a marker of tumor size or of severity of the clinical condition of patients.     

全膝关节置换术后皮温与血清指标变化的相关性研究

目的:研究膝骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)患者行单侧全膝关节置换术手术前后膝关节皮温、血清指标的变化规律以及与膝关节功能恢复之间相关性。方法:将2016年9月-2017年3月在我院行单侧全膝关节置换术且术后未发生假体周围感染的患者作为研究对象,测量并记录基本信息、术前及术后膝关节皮温、血清指标及膝关节功能评分,并进行统计学分析。结果:本研究共收集病例65例,随访时间为6个月。双膝皮温、双膝皮温差于术后第5天达到峰值,PCT、CRP、ESR均于术后第3天达到峰值,IL-6、WBC于术后第1天达到峰值,HGB下降至最低水平为术后5-7天。患者非手术侧膝关节皮温于术后30天恢复至术前水平,而手术侧膝关节皮温及双膝皮温差直至术后6个月仍未恢复至术前水平;PCT、IL-6、CRP于术后60天恢复至术前水平,ESR于术后90天恢复至术前水平,WBC于术后15天恢复至术前水平。结论:KOA患者TKA术后双膝皮温差直至术后6月仍高于术前水平,而研究中的各项血清指标均于术后3月内恢复至术前水平。     

糖皮质激素联合吗替麦考酚酯分散片对系统性红斑狼疮患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的:研究糖皮质激素联合吗替麦考酚酯分散片治疗系统性红斑狼疮患者的临床疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法:选取2014年9月至2015年8月本院收治的84例系统性红斑狼疮患者,根据投硬币法分为观察组和对照组,42例每组。对照组使用单纯的糖皮质激素,观察组在此基础上使用吗替麦考酚酯分散片。比较两组患者临床疗效,治疗前后免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白(IgG)、免疫球蛋白(IgM)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白(IgG)、免疫球蛋白(IgM)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者IgA、IgG、IgM、CRP、ESR水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),与对照相比,观察组的IgA、IgG、IgM、CRP、ESR明显降低(P0.05)。两组组的不良反应率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:糖皮质激素联合吗替麦考酚酯分散片能有效改善系统性红斑狼疮患者的免疫功能,临床疗效良好,安全性高。     

Preoperative C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Predicts Prognosis of Patients after Curative Resection for Gastric Cancer

BACKGROUND: An elevated preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of the preoperative CRP/Alb ratio and compare it with other systemic inflammatory response markers in patients with gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in 455 patients with GC undergoing curative resection. We investigated the correlations between the preoperative CRP/Alb ratio and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to assess independent prognostic factors. The area under the curve was used to compare the prognostic value of different markers. RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, the CRP/Alb ratio were independently associated with OS in patients with GC (hazard ratio: 1.626; 95% confidence interval: 1.191-2.219; P = .002), along with age (P = .003), preoperative body weight loss (P = .001), tumor location (P = .008), metastatic lymph node ratio (P < .001), and seventh tumor-nodes-metastasis stage (American Joint Committee on Cancer) (P = .007). However, several other systemic inflammation–based prognostic scores (neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index, Glasgow Prognostic Score, modified Glasgow prognostic score, and high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score) were not. In addition, the CRP/Alb ratio had a higher area under the curve value (0.625) compared with several other systemic inflammation–based prognostic scores (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The preoperative CRP/Alb ratio, a system inflammation-based prognostic score, is a superior predictor of OS in patients undergoing curative resection for GC and may help to identify the high-risk patients for treatment decisions.     

Local Infiltrative Analgesia is Equivalent to Fascia Iliaca Block for Perioperative Pain Management for Prophylactic Cephalomedullary Nail Fixation

BackgroundImpending pathologic fractures of the femur due to metastatic bone disease are treated with prophylactic internal fixation to prevent fracture, maintain independence, and improve quality of life. There is limited data to support an optimal perioperative pain regimen.MethodsA proof of concept comparative cohort analysis was performed: 21 patients who received a preoperative fascia iliacus nerve block (FIB) were analyzed retrospectively while 9 patients treated with local infiltrative analgesia (LIA) were analyzed prospectively. Primary outcomes included: visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, narcotic requirements and hospital length of stay. Patient cohorts were compared via two-sample t-tests and Fischer’s exact tests. Differences in VAS pain scores, length of stay and morphine milligram equivalents (MME) were assessed with Wilcoxon rank sum.ResultsThe LIA group had more patients treated with preoperative narcotics (p=0.042). There were no significant differences between the FIB and LIA groups in MME utilized intraoperatively (30.0 vs 37.5, p=0.79), on POD 0 (38.0 vs 30.0, p=0.93), POD 1 (46.0 vs 55.5, p=0.95) or POD 2 (40.0 vs 60.0 p=0.73). There were no significant differences in analog pain scale at any time point or in hospital length of stay (78 vs 102 hours, p=0.86).ConclusionDespite an increased number of patients being on preoperative narcotics in the LIA group, use of LIA compared with FIB is not associated with an increase in VAS pain scores, morphine milligram equivalents (MME), or length of hospital stay in patients undergoing prophylactic internal fixation of impending pathologic femur fractures.Level of Evidence: III     

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Thyroid Gland

ObjectiveTo examine the presentation, diagnosis, and appropriate management of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to the thyroid gland.MethodsWe describe a clinical case of solitary thyroid metastasis from renal clear cell carcinoma and present a comprehensive review of the related English-language literature. Common patterns of presentation and generalized overall management recommendations are evaluated and summarized.ResultsEight years after nephrectomy for renal carcinoma at age 61 years, a man presented with a thyroid mass. Cytology and histopathologic surgical findings were consistent with a solitary metastasis most compatible with metastatic clear cell carcinoma from his previous renal carcinoma. After left thyroid lobectomy and isthmusectomy, the patient remains disease-free 5 years later. Although uncommon, nearly 150 cases of clinically recognized metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the thyroid have been reported in the English-language literature. Metastatic disease from the kidney to the thyroid gland can occur more than 20 years after nephrectomy with the average time interval being 7.5 years. Obtaining a full clinical history in any patient who presents with a thyroid nodule is essential to allow consideration of possible metastatic disease from previous primary tumor. Metastatic disease to the thyroid gland can be correctly diagnosed preoperatively. If metastatic renal cancer is limited to the thyroid gland only, prompt, appropriate surgical intervention can be curative.ConclusionMetastatic renal carcinoma to the thyroid should be considered in any patient presenting with a thyroid mass and a medical history of renal cell carcinoma. (Endocr Pract. 2008;14:1040-1046)     

磁共振波谱成像结合扩散加权成像在脑胶质瘤及脑转移瘤鉴别诊断中的意义

目的:评估磁共振波谱成像(Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,1H-MRS)联合磁共振扩散加权成像(Diffusion Weighted Imaging,DWI)在鉴别脑胶质瘤及孤立的脑转移瘤中的作用。方法:应用3.0T磁共振扫描仪,对临床手术确诊及组织病理学诊断证实的49例脑肿瘤患者(35例多形性胶质母细胞瘤,14例脑转移瘤)进行常规磁共振成像、磁共振波谱成像及磁共振扩散加权成像,并并对获得的数据进一步测量瘤内及瘤周区的代谢比、N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)值以及表观弥散系数(ADC值),分析两肿瘤组之间不同参数的统计学差异。此外,我们研究了感兴趣区域(ROI)的大小对肿瘤区域的病变扩散性能潜在影响。结果:胶质母细胞瘤瘤周N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、肌酸(Cr),胆碱(Cho)/Cr,Cho/NAA和r CBV显著高于颅内转移瘤(P0.05);ADC值在两肿瘤组之间无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:在瘤周区1H-MRS有助于鉴别胶质母细胞瘤与单发的脑转移瘤。在瘤内扩散性的定量特性依赖ROI大小的设置。     

自膨式支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性分析

摘要 目的：探讨自膨式支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析2014年1月-2019年1月我院采取自膨式支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤患者159例（A组）及采取单纯弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤患者178例（B组）,比较两种手术方法治疗颅内动脉瘤的手术时间、术后住院时间、随访时间、手术相关并发症发生率并通过格拉斯哥（GOS）预后评分、Raymond分级比较2种治疗方法的安全性及有效性。结果：两组手术时间、术后住院时间、随访时间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组术后出血及缺血事件发生率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,脑积水、肺炎发生率、致死率及致残率差异无统计学意义（连续校正后P=1）。术后1月内及术后12个月随访GOS评分,A组评分高于B组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;术后1月内及术后12个月随访Raymond分级,A组优于B组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：自膨式支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤栓塞效果明显且术后并发症少,对于颅内动脉瘤患者在弹簧圈栓塞基础上应用自膨式支架辅助可提高手术安全性及栓塞的疗效。     

Serum calprotectin (S100A8/9): an independent predictor of ultrasound synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

IntroductionCalprotectin, a heterodimeric complex of S100A8/9 (MRP8/14), has been proposed as an important serum biomarker that reflects disease activity and structural joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that calprotectin is associated with clinical and ultrasound-determined disease activity in patients with RA.MethodsA total of 37 patients with RA (including 24 females, a mean disease duration of 20 months) underwent a clinical examination and 7-joint ultrasound score (German US-7) of the clinically dominant hand and foot to assess synovitis by grey-scale (GS) and synovial vascularity by power Doppler (PD) ultrasound using semiquantitative 0–3 grading. The levels of serum calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were determined at the time of the ultrasound assessment. We analysed the relationship between serum calprotectin level, traditional inflammatory markers, and ultrasound-determined synovitis.ResultsThe levels of serum calprotectin were significantly correlated with swollen joint count (r = 0.465, p < 0.005), DAS28-ESR (r = 0.430, p < 0.01), ESR (r = 0.370, p < 0.05) and, in particular, CRP (r = 0.629, p < 0.001). Calprotectin was significantly associated with GS (r = 0.359, p < 0.05) and PD synovitis scores (r = 0.497, p < 0.005). Using multivariate regression analysis, calprotectin, adjusted for age and sex, was a better predictor of PD synovitis score (R² = 0.765, p < 0.001) than CRP (R² = 0.496, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe serum levels of calprotectin are significantly associated with clinical, laboratory and ultrasound assessments of RA disease activity. These results suggest that calprotectin might be superior to CRP for monitoring ultrasound-determined synovial inflammation in RA patients.     

剑突肋缘下三孔式胸腔镜下胸腺切除治疗重症肌无力的早期临床疗效及对生活质量的影响

目的:通过与传统单侧胸腔镜技术对比,探讨经剑突肋缘下三孔式胸腔镜下胸腺切除治疗重症肌无力的早期临床疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法:收集2012年1月-2016年6月因重症肌无力就诊于我院行胸腔镜下胸腺切除的115例患者。根据患者的手术方式分为传统单侧胸腔镜组47例和剑突肋缘下三孔式胸腔镜组68例,收集和比较两组患者的基本资料,包括性别、年龄、是否合并胸腺瘤、病程、随访时间、术前Osserman评分、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流时间、术后引流量、转入ICU时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症的发生情况、术后不同时间点的疼痛评分和生活质量评分及末次随访时的愈后情况。结果:两组患者的年龄、性别比例、胸腺瘤情况、病程、随访时间和术前Osserman评分均没有差异(P0.05)。三孔组手术时间、术中出血量、ICU停留时间和术后住院时间均短于或低于传统组(P0.05)。两组患者术后并发症(膈神经麻痹、胸腔积液、伤口脂肪液化)发生率比较没有统计学差异(P0.05)。三孔组患者在术后3天内和出院时的疼痛评分均显著低于传统组(P0.05)。两组患者在末次随访时的有效率、术前、术后1年和末次随访时的生活质量评分(MGQOL-15评分)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在三孔组患者末次随访时,女性MGQOL-15评分改善量(11.2±3.3分)高于男性(7.4±2.7分)(P0.001)。Osserman评分3分和4分的患者MGQOL-15评分改善量(10.7±3.7分)显著高于Osserman评分2分的患者(5.0±1.9分)(P0.001)。结论:经剑突肋缘下三孔式胸腔镜下切除胸腺治疗重症肌无力具有手术时间短、术中出血少、术后恢复快的特点,术后患者疼痛程度轻,生活质量改善明显。女性术后获益较男性更大。     

颅内压监测辅助开颅血肿清除术治疗颅脑损伤患者效果及其预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：分析颅内压监测辅助开颅血肿清除术治疗颅脑损伤患者效果及其预后影响因素。方法：选择我院自2019年1月至2023年3月接诊的135例拟接受开颅血肿清除术治疗的颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,根据监测方式不同,分为常规组和监测组;其中常规组予以标准开颅血肿清除术治疗,监测组予以颅内压监测下控制性减压结合开颅血肿清除术治疗。比较两组手术前后的颅内压、格拉斯哥昏迷（GCS）评分、手术并发症发生情况,根据术后90 d的格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）评分,计算两组的预后良好率,使用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析预后的影响因素。结果：监测组术后即刻及术后12h的颅内压均小于常规组（P＜0.05）;监测组术后24 h、48 h的GCS评分均高于常规组（P＜0.05）;监测组术中低血压、急性脑膨出、颅内血肿、脑血管痉挛和非计划性再次手术的发生率均低于常规组（P＜0.05）;经单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄、入院GCS评分、脑疝、改良CT图像评分均是颅脑损伤患者预后的独立影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论：颅内压监测辅助开颅血肿清除术治疗颅脑损伤患者的效果显著,可以有效降低颅内压、减少并发症发生和改善预后,但预后受年龄、入院GCS评分、脑疝、改良CT图像评分的影响。     

雷公藤多甙片与甲氨喋呤联合治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效及对炎症因子的影响

目的:研究雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效及对血清炎症因子的影响。方法:选取2014年1月-2015年8月我院收治的RA患者60例,按治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组应用雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗,对照组单纯应用甲氨蝶呤治疗,对比两组的临床疗效及治疗前后临床症状、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及类风湿因子(RF)水平。结果:观察组的总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的73.33%(P0.05);治疗后观察组的临床症状(晨僵时间、关节压痛及肿胀数、关节疼痛度及肿胀指数)均较对照组明显改善(P0.05);治疗后两组血清ESR、CRP、RF水平均降低,且观察组明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组不良反应率为13.33%,低于对照组的10.00%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:雷公藤多苷片联合甲氨蝶呤治疗RA能够有效控制炎症反应,改善临床症状,临床疗效显著,且不增加副反应,是一种安全可靠的联合治疗方案,值得推广应用。     

右美托咪啶对急性主动脉夹层患者谵妄及血清CRP、MMPs、NT-proBNP、NE水平的影响

目的:探讨右美托咪啶对急性主动脉夹层患者谵妄及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)、N端前脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)、中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶(NE)水平的影响。方法:选择2014年1月~2017年1月我院收治的急性主动脉夹层患者84例,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=42)与研究组(n=42)。对照组入院后给予吗啡镇痛,研究组则给予右美托咪啶镇痛。观察对比两组治疗前与治疗24 h后C反应蛋白(CRP)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、NT-proBNP和NE水平、谵妄的发生率以及脱机持续时间与ICU入住时间。结果:治疗前两组患者CRP、MMP-9、MMP-2、NT-proBNP、NE水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗24h后研究组CRP、MMP-9、MMP-2、NT-proBNP、NE水平低于对照组与治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组术后谵妄的发生率为7.14%(3/42),低于对照组的26.19%(11/42),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组脱机持续时间与ICU入住时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:右美托咪啶不仅具有镇痛、镇静等效应,还对急性主动脉夹层患者炎性反应具有显著的抑制作用,且降低了谵妄的发生率,保证了患者的预后质量。     

Clinical Use of Liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes and its Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo assess whether liraglutide, a glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist, has cardioprotective properties in addition to its glycemic effects.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of 110 obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with liraglutide for at least 6 months between March 2010 and April 2011 at our tertiary care referral center. The variables analyzed were body mass index, hemoglobin A_1c (A1C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, and serum lipids.ResultsIn our overall study cohort, we noted a reduction in mean weight from 120 ± 5 kg to 115 ± 3 kg and a decrease in mean A1C from 7.8% ± 0.6% to 7.2% ± 0.2%. The mean triglyceride concentration decreased from 173 ± 19 mg/dL to 151 ± 15 mg/dL, the mean SBP was reduced from 132 ± 6 mm Hg to 125 ± 4 mm Hg, and the mean CRP concentration declined from 4.7 ± 0.8 mg/L to 3.2 ± 0.4 mg/L after treatment with liraglutide for a minimal duration of 6 months and a mean duration of 7.5 months (for all the foregoing changes, P < .05).These variables decreased whether these patients were previously treated with orally administered hypoglycemic agents alone or in combination with insulin or exenatide.ConclusionOur findings in a clinical practice show that liraglutide is a potent antidiabetes drug, whether given in combination with orally administered agents or insulin or as a substitution for exenatide. It lowers body weight, A1C levels, SBP, and CRP and triglyceride concentrations. (Endocr Pract. 2012;18:140-145)     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗穿孔性阑尾炎患儿的临床疗效及对血清CRP和PCT水平的影响比较

目的:分析和比较腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA)与开腹阑尾切除术(OA)治疗穿孔性阑尾炎患儿的临床效果及对患儿血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平的影响。方法:选取我院2013年1月～2016年12月收治的98例穿孔性阑尾炎患儿,依据随机数字表法均分为两组。对照组行OA治疗,观察组行LA治疗。记录比较两组患儿切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、术后排气时间及住院时间等手术情况;术后镇痛药物使用及并发症情况;围术期各时点血清CRP、PCT水平。结果:两组患儿均成功完成手术,观察组患儿中无中转开腹者。观察组患儿的切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、术后排气时间及住院时间均显著优于对照组(P0.01)。观察组患儿术后镇痛药物使用率及并发症率均为4.1%,均明显低于对照组的16.3%、18.4%(P0.05)。两组术前12 h时血清CRP、PCT水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);与术前12 h时相比,两组术后24、48 h时血清CRP、PCT水平均显著升高(P0.01);两组术后48 h时血清CRP、PCT水平较术后24 h时均显著降低(P0.01);与对照组同期对比,观察组术后24、48 h时血清CRP、PCT水平均显著降低(P0.01)。结论:与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术治疗穿孔性阑尾炎患儿具有创伤小、手术时间短、术后并发症少等优势,能更有效降低血清CRP、PCT水平,促进患儿术后恢复。     

超早期三维钛网颅骨修补术的临床研究

目的:探讨重型颅脑损伤去骨瓣减压手术后颅骨缺损在超早期(4~6周内)行三维钛网颅骨修补的可行性和对患者长期预后的影响,探讨超早期颅骨修补术手术中是否较常规手术存在优势。方法:回顾性分析自2012年1月-2015年1月行颅脑损伤后颅骨缺损手术修补患者99例。将所有患者根据去骨瓣减压术后行颅骨修补的间隔时间分为两组,4-6周以内为超早期组,共52例,3-6个月为常规组,共47例。采用不同国际评分标准比较两组患者在颅骨修补术后1个月、3个月、12个月的生存质量;对比分析两组患者的术中头皮剥离时间及术中出血量;比较两组患者术后1个月、3个月、12个月相应并发症的差异。结果:超早期组患者术后1个月的格拉斯哥评分(Glasgow outcome scale,GOS)、美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)和远期卡氏功能状态(Karnofsky performance status,KPS)评分较常规组比较无统计学意义(P0.05);超早期组患者术后3个月和12个月的GOS、NIHSS和KPS评分较常规组均有显著提高(P0.05)。超早期组患者头皮剥离时间较常规修补组明显缩短(P0.05),出血量明显减少(P0.05);两组颅骨修补术后硬膜下积液发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),然而总体并发症发生率并无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:重度颅脑损伤去骨瓣减压术后患者在超早期(4~6周内)行颅骨修补在临床上是安全有效的,能够改善患者的预后和减少术后并发症的发生概率,并且能够减少术中出血,手术中头皮剥离时间也有缩短。