有氧运动对小鼠高脂血症及脂蛋白代谢的影响

本研究以高胆固醇饮食小鼠为实验对象,观察有氧运动对脂质水平异常的动物个体血脂及脂蛋白代谢的影响。结果显示,经１１周有氧耐力训练后,高脂膳食＋运动组小鼠血浆ＴＧ、ＴＣ及ＬＤＬ－Ｃ水平均显著低于高脂膳食组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,而ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＬＤＬ－Ｃ比值均显著高于高脂膳食组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明长期有氧耐力训练能显著改善高胆固醇饮食小鼠血脂及脂蛋白代谢状况。     

双歧杆菌对高胆固醇饮食小鼠血脂影响的研究

目的了解双歧杆菌对高胆固醇饮食水平异常的动物个体血脂及脂蛋白代谢的影响.方法将高胆固醇饮食小鼠分为2组,一组饮用双歧杆菌菌液,另一组常规饮水.经28 d喂养后,将全部动物处死,并立即取血,取上清液测定血脂及脂蛋白各项指标:血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C).结果高脂饮食 双歧杆菌组TG、TC水平显著低于高脂饮食组(P<0.01),HDL-C/TC显著高于高脂膳食组(P<0.01).结果表明灌胃双歧杆菌,小鼠血清中TC、TG浓度较高脂饮食显著降低(P＜0.01),同时HDL-C浓度有所增加.结论饮用双歧杆菌能显著改善高胆固醇饮食小鼠血脂及脂蛋白代谢状况.     

性别对小鼠高脂血症动物模型的影响

目的观察性别对建立小鼠高脂血症动物模型的影响。方法健康成年昆明种小鼠40只,雌雄各半,随机分4组：雄性对照组、雌性对照组、雄性高脂组、雌性高脂组,按各组要求分别给予正常饲料和高脂饲料喂养。连续2周,取血测定实验小鼠血中总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、低密度脂蛋白（low density lipoprotein,LDL）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）含量。结果雌性对照组血脂四项指标与雄性对照组差异不显著,高脂饮食使小鼠血中TC、LDL水平明显增高（P〈0.05）,雌雄组之间差异不显著。结论性别对实验小鼠高脂血症模型的建立及效果无明显影响。     

有氧运动对高脂饮食小鼠肝脏中CLK2蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨有氧运动对高脂饮食小鼠肝脏中Cdc2激酶(CLK2)蛋白表达及肝脏脂肪含量的影响。方法:雄性C57/BL6小鼠经正常饮食或高脂饮食16周后,分为正常饮食组、高脂饮食组和高脂饮食+运动组(8周有氧运动),每组10只小鼠。采用免疫印迹方法比较各组小鼠肝脏CLK2蛋白表达;采用油红O染色法比较各组小鼠肝脏脂肪含量;采用实时定量PCR方法比较各组小鼠脂肪代谢相关基因。结果:与正常饮食组小鼠相比,高脂饮食小鼠表现出胰岛素抵抗,肝脏CLK2蛋白含量增加,以及肝脏脂肪积累增加。然而有氧运动可改善高脂饮食小鼠胰岛素抵抗状态,并抑制肝脏中CLK2蛋白增加。结论:有氧运动可降低高脂饮食小鼠肝脏中CLK2蛋白表达,而改善肥胖小鼠肝脏脂肪堆积及代谢紊乱。     

双歧杆菌改善实验性高脂血症小鼠记忆的研究

目的探讨双歧杆菌对高胆固醇血症小鼠记忆的影响。方法采用灌胃法建立小鼠高脂血症模型及双歧杆菌实验组（低、中、高浓度分别为10^6、10^8、10^9CFU／ml）。连续灌胃40d后,测定小鼠记忆能力,并检测血清脂质水平及全血和血浆的高、中、低切流变学测定。结果在实验期内造成高脂模型,与对照组比较,高脂小鼠记忆明显降低,而双歧杆菌组明显改善高血脂小鼠记忆能力,同时降低小鼠全血的高、中、低切粘度,与模型组相比差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论双歧杆菌可以改善实验性高脂小鼠的记忆,其机制可能与其降低小鼠全血粘度有关。     

大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者血脂调节作用的随机双盲对照试验

目的:考察功能性大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者调节血脂的保健功效。方法:选取60例高脂血症患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,采用双盲法,试验组每人每日服用大豆低聚糖12克,对照组服用安慰剂,试验期为30天,试验前后分别检测试验对象血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血常规、尿常规和其它生化指标。结果:试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)平均值(mmol/L)由试验前的7.41±0.86下降为5.58±0.60,差异显著(P<0.05);甘油三酯(TG)平均值(mmol/L)由试验前的2.76±0.73下降为1.74±0.75,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:大豆低聚糖对高脂血症患者具有降低血脂的作用。     

莲心碱对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂及脂质过氧化的影响

本文研究莲心碱对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂和抗氧化能力的影响.将32只大鼠随机分为4组,对照组饲喂基础饲料;诱导组饲喂高脂饲料;试验组给予高脂饲料+莲心碱灌胃2.5和5.0 mg·kg-1.测血清中血脂和丙二醛(MDA)水平,以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;取肝脏测绝对和相对肝重及MDA含量.结果表明莲心碱可显著降低实验性高脂血症大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和动脉粥样硬化指数;显著升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、GSH-Px和SOD水平;同时还可显著降低血清和肝脏中MDA的含量;其绝对和相对肝重均低于诱导组.     

高脂血症恒河猴血清RETN与血脂的相关性分析

目的探讨高脂血症恒河猴血清抵抗素（RETN）水平与血脂的相关性。方法高脂血症恒河猴和健康恒河猴各8只,分别为实验组及对照组,测定其空腹血清RETN、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）,分析高脂血症恒河猴血清RETN水平与血脂的关系。结果实验组的血清RETN水平、TC、LDL-C显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,实验组TG较对照组显著降低（P〈0.05）;两组HDL-C差异不显著（P〉0.05）。相关分析显示,血清RETN与TC、LDL-C正相关,与TG负相关,与HDL-C无相关性。结论高脂血症恒河猴血清RETN水平与血脂存在相关性,可为人类高脂血症研究提供实验数据。     

瘦素对高脂血症小鼠血胆固醇含量的影响

目的：观察瘦素对高脂膳食所致的高血胆固醇的调节作用。方法：喂饲高脂饲料建立高脂血症模型,瘦素干预后测定血浆中总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平。结果：干预组血浆总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平显著低于高脂对照纽。结论：瘦素可降低高脂血症小鼠血浆总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。     

霍山石斛胶囊对高脂血症大鼠血脂和脂质过氧化水平的影响

目的：探讨霍山石斛胶囊（Dendrobium huoshenese capsule,DHC）对高脂血症大鼠的血脂影响及脂质过氧化水平作用。方法：采用高脂饲料建立实验性高脂血症大鼠模型,而后进行低、中、高三种剂量的DHC和阳性对照药血脂康实验性治疗,实验8周后,取大鼠血清、肝脏,检测模型大鼠血清总固醇（Total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（Triglyceride,TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL—C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（High density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL—C）含量,并计算动脉粥样硬化指数（Atherosclerosis index,AI）;同时测定血清和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性及丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）含量;并计算肝系数,制备大鼠肝脏石蜡切片观察其病理学变化。结果：与高脂血症模型组相比,DHC中、高剂量组和血脂康组能显著降低高脂血大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL—C,表现为AI降低;低剂量的DHC能升高HDL—C,但在降低血清TC、TG、LDL．C和AI上无统计学差异（P〉0．05）;除DHC低剂量组对血清SOD活性升高作用不显著外（P〉0．05）,其他各浓度给药组均能显著升高血清和肝脏SOD活性,降低血清和肝脏MDA含量及肝系数（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;同时,DHC各给药组还可不同程度降低高脂血症大鼠肝细胞的脂肪变性程度。结论：霍山石斛胶囊能调节血脂代谢异常,增强抗氧化能力,具有防治脂肪肝和抗动脉粥样硬化作用。     

耐力运动对高脂血症小鼠主动脉一氧化氮合酶活性的影响

目的：观察耐力性运动对高脂血症小鼠主动脉一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性的影响。方法：分别测定正常饮食对照组、正常饮食结合运动组、高脂饮食组、高脂饮食结合运动组小鼠血脂水平及其主动脉固有型NOS（cNOS）和诱导型NOS（iNOS）的活性．结果：高脂饮食降低主动脉cNOS活性,耐力运动可使上述变化逆转;高脂饮食增强主动脉iNOS活性,耐力运动可使iNOS活性略有降低,但无显著性差异。结论：耐力运动可在一定程度上逆转高脂血症引起的cNOS活性降低,这可能属独立于血脂调节作用以外的其它抗动脉硬化机制。     

肠球菌WZM05对高胆固醇血症小鼠载脂蛋白的影响

目的探讨肠球菌WZM05对高胆固醇血症小鼠血清学指标及高胆固醇血症形成的影响。方法采用灌胃法建立小鼠高胆固醇血症模型及肠球菌实验组（10^6、10^8、10^9CFU／m1）,实验40d后,进行血清血脂水平检测及载脂蛋白A1（apoAI）、载脂蛋白B（apoB）测定。结果肠球菌组的血清总胆固醇明显降低,高密度脂蛋白明显升高（P〈0．01）,血清apoAI升高及apoB降低（P〈0．05）。结论肠球菌WZM05具有降脂、调脂作用。     

Protective effects of sulforaphane and aerobic exercise on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice

ObjectiveThe paper intends to study the protective effects of sulforaphane (SF) on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice by intragastric administration of SF, aerobic exercise and the approach of SF integrated with aerobic exercise.Methodology60 NIH mice were randomly divided into 6 groups of equal number according to their body weight and were intragastrically administrated with 50% ethanol. The serum and liver indexes of each group of mice were detected, and the liver was stained with oil red O for pathological examination.ResultsCompared with the model group, the serum TG and the ratio of liver to body weight of the model mice that suffered from acute alcoholic hepatic injury could be significantly decreased in the group that practiced aerobic exercise, the group administered with SF, and the group treated with the approach of SF integrated with aerobic exercise (P < 0.05). The contents of TG and MDA in liver could be significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and SOD activity could be significantly increased (P < 0.05) both in the group administered with SF and the group treated with the approach of SF integrated with aerobic exercise. Serum VLDL (P < 0.05) could also be significantly reduced in the group treated with the approach of SF integrated with aerobic exercise.ConclusionBoth SF and aerobic exercise could alleviate alcohol-induced acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice possibly thanks to the working mechanism related to antioxidant stress that reduced the harm posed by alcohol on hepatic cells. In addition, the protective effect of SF on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice was stronger than that of aerobic exercise, while the approach of SF integrated with aerobic exercise had the strongest protective effect on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice.     

The effect of long-term aerobic exercise on maximal oxygen consumption,left ventricular function and serum lipids in elderly women

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of maximal oxygen consumption, left ventricular function and serum lipids after 36 weeks of aerobic exercise in elderly women without the influence of drugs. Eight elderly women were studied by M-mode and Doppler echocardiography to assess left ventricular size, mass and function. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2)max) was determined for each subject by administering a treadmill exercise test. The training intensity was decided by heart rate reserve. Subjects performed exercise for 40 minutes a day, 3 days a week at 50-60% of the heart rate reserve during the 36 weeks. Exercise capacity was assessed by VO(2)max with a graded exercise test of the treadmill. Weight and % body fat decreased after training. Cardiorespiratory function improved because of the increase in VO(2)max and VO(2)max normalized for body weight after training. Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased. There are no significant difference in all left ventricular's parameters (end-diastolic dimension, end-systolic dimension, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volume, cardiac output, ejection fraction, fractional shortening) after 36 weeks. Exercise training did not induce left ventricular (LV) enlargement as evidence of an absence of increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume. The total cholesterol level and triglyceride level decreased after training. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol significantly increased and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol significantly decreased, atherogenic index (AI) significantly decreased and apolipoprotein A-I increased and apolipoprotein B decreased after training. In conclusion, although there was no significant change in left ventricular function, aerobic training showed a positive influence on body composition, maximal oxygen consumption and serum lipids.     

Genetic loci for diet-induced atherosclerotic lesions and plasma lipids in mice

Genetic factors independent of those affecting plasma lipid levels are a major contributor to risk for atherosclerosis in humans, yet the basis for these is poorly understood. This study examined plasma lipids and diet-induced atherosclerosis in 16-month-old female mice of strains C56BL/6J and DBA/2J. Mice of the parental strains, from recombinant inbred strains derived from these (BXD RI), and F₂ progeny were fed an atherogenic diet for 16 weeks, beginning at 1 year of age. This induced atherosclerotic lesion formation in both parental strains, accompanied by increased plasma LDL levels. However, individual BXD RI strains and the BXD F₂ mice demonstrated a range of atherosclerotic lesion formation that was not or at best weakly correlated with plasma lipid levels. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of the BXD F₂ mice identified a locus with significant linkage (lod 4.5) for aortic lesion size on Chromosome (Chr) 10 that was independent of plasma lipids. Other loci with suggestive or significant linkage for various plasma lipid measures were identified on Chr 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, and 17. In this intercross, the genes primarily influencing atherosclerosis are distinct from those controlling plasma lipid levels.     

Hypoglycemic effects of brassinosteroid in diet-induced obese mice

The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, and obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Previously, we reported that oral administration of homobrassinolide (HB) to healthy rats triggered a selective anabolic response that was associated with lower blood glucose. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HB administration on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, body composition, and gluconeogenic gene expression profiles in liver of C57BL/6J high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Acute oral administration of 50-300 mg/kg HB to obese mice resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in fasting blood glucose within 3 h of treatment. Daily chronic administration of HB (50 mg/kg for 8 wk) ameliorated hyperglycemia and improved oral glucose tolerance associated with obesity without significantly affecting body weight or body composition. These changes were accompanied by lower expression of two key gluconeogenic enzymes, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase), and increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase in the liver and muscle tissue. In vitro, HB treatment (1-15 μM) inhibited cyclic AMP-stimulated but not dexamethasone-stimulated upregulation of PEPCK and G-6-Pase mRNA levels in H4IIE rat hepatoma cells. Among a series of brassinosteroid analogs related to HB, only homocastasterone decreased glucose production in cell culture significantly. These results indicate the antidiabetic effects of brassinosteroids and begin to elucidate their putative cellular targets both in vitro and in vivo.     

Effects of aerobic exercise on serum leptin levels in obese women

It has been demonstrated that leptin concentrations in obese patients may be altered by weight loss. We examined the effects of a 9-week aerobic exercise program on serum leptin concentrations in overweight women (20-50% above ideal body mass) under conditions of weight stability. Sixteen overweight women, mean (SE) age 42.75 (1.64) years, comprised the exercise group which adhered to a supervised aerobic exercise program. A graded exercise treadmill test was conducted before and after the exercise program to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) using open-circuit spirometry. The women demonstrated improved aerobic fitness (VO2max increased 12.29%), however, body fat and the body mass index did not change significantly [42.27 (1.35)-41.87 (1.33)%]. Fourteen women, age 40.57 (2.80) years, did not exercise over the same time period and served as a control group. Serum leptin levels were not significantly altered for either the exercise [28.00 (2.13)-31.04 (2.71) ng x ml(-1)] or the control group [33.24 (3.78)-34.69 (3.14) ng x mg(-1)]. The data indicate that 9 weeks of aerobic exercise improves aerobic fitness, but does not affect leptin concentrations in overweight women.