Role of thrombin exosites in inhibition by heparin cofactor II.

We determined the role of specific thrombin "exosites" in the mechanism of inhibition by the plasma serine proteinase inhibitors heparin cofactor II (HC) and antithrombin (AT) in the absence and presence of a glycosaminoglycan by comparing the inhibition of alpha-thrombin to epsilon- and gamma T-thrombin (produced by partial proteolysis of alpha-thrombin by elastase and trypsin, respectively). All of the thrombin derivatives were inhibited in a similar manner by AT, either in the absence or presence of heparin, which confirmed the integrity of both heparin binding abilities and serpin reactivities of epsilon- and gamma T-thrombin compared to alpha-thrombin. Antithrombin activities of HC in the absence of a glycosaminoglycan with alpha-, epsilon, and gamma T-thrombin were similar with rate constants of 3.5, 2.4, and 1.2 x 10(4) M-1 min-1, respectively. Interestingly, in the presence of glycosaminoglycans the maximal inhibition rate constants by HC with heparin and dermatan sulfate, respectively, were as follows: 30.0 x 10(7) and 60.5 x 10(7) for alpha-thrombin, 14.6 x 10(7) and 24.3 x 10(7) for epsilon-thrombin, and 0.017 x 10(7) and 0.034 x 10(7) M-1 min-1 for gamma T-thrombin. A hirudin carboxyl-terminal peptide, which binds to anion-binding exosite-I of alpha-thrombin, dramatically reduced alpha-thrombin inhibition by HC in the presence of heparin but not in its absence. We analyzed our results in relation to the recently determined x-ray structure of D-Phe-Pro-Arg-chloromethyl ketone-alpha-thrombin (Bode, W., Mayr, I., Baumann, U., Huber, R., Stone, S. R., and Hofsteenge, J. (1989) EMBO J. 8, 3467-3475). Our results suggest that the beta-loop region of anion-binding exosite-I in alpha-thrombin, which is not present in gamma T-thrombin, is essential for the rapid inhibition reaction by HC in the presence of a glycosaminoglycan. Therefore, alpha-thrombin and its derivatives would be recognized and inhibited differently by HC and AT in the presence of a glycosaminoglycan.     

Rickettsia conorii and prowazekii plaque study in a chick fibroblast cell culture]

The results of the study of plaques formed by R. conorii (strain M 1) and R. prowazeki (strain E and erythromycin-resistant strain E) in chick fibroblast cell culture are presented. In this study the tissue monolayer was inoculated with rickettsiae suspended in various media, and media of different composition were used in the nutrient cover and for cell cultivation. The maximum plaque formation was observed under the following conditions: the monolayer of chick fibroblasts (seeding density was not less than 375,000 cells per 1 sq. cm) was grown in medium 199 with 5-10% of fresh fetal or calf serum and inoculated with rickettsiae suspended in heart-brain infusion; the nutrient cover was prepared on the basis of Seakem agarose (USA) and contained medium 199 (without antibiotics) and 10% of fresh fetal or calf serum. In these conditions R. conorii formed plaques 2 mm in diameter, the first plaques being observed on day 6, and most of them on days 7-9; the both strains of R. prowazeki formed plaques 1 mm in diameter, the first plaques being observed on days 8-9, and most of them on days 10-13.     

Absolute configuration of labdanes and ent-clerodanes from Chromolaena pulchella by vibrational circular dichroism

The aerial parts of Chromolaena pulchella biosynthesize two groups of diterpenes belonging to opposite enantiomeric series, specifically, the furanoid ent-clerodanes (5R,8R,9S,10R)-(-)-hardwikiic acid (1), methyl (5R,8R,9S,10R)-(-)-hardwikiate (2), (5S,8R,9S,10R)-(-)-hautriwaic acid lactone (3), methyl (5R,8R,9S,10R)-(-)-nidoresedate (4) and methyl (8R,9R)-(-)-strictate (5), as well as the labdanes (5S,8R,9R,10S)-(+)-(13E)-labd-13-ene-8,15-diol (6) and (5S,8R,9R,10S)-(+)-isoabienol (7). The absolute configuration of the two groups of diterpenes was unambiguously assigned by comparison of the vibrational circular dichroism spectra of 3 for ent-clerodanes, and of 7 for labdanes with their theoretical spectra obtained by density functional theory calculations. The results support a biogenetic proposal to diterpenes found in the studied botanical species.     

Computer aided screening and evaluation of herbal therapeutics against MRSA infections

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a pathogenic bacterium that causes life threatening outbreaks such as community-onset and nosocomial infections has emerged as 'superbug'. The organism developed resistance to all classes of antibiotics including the best known Vancomycin (VRSA). Hence, there is a need to develop new therapeutic agents. This study mainly evaluates the potential use of botanicals against MRSA infections. Computer aided design is an initial platform to screen novel inhibitors and the data finds applications in drug development. The drug-likeness and efficiency of various herbal compounds were screened by ADMET and docking studies. The virulent factor of most of the MRSA associated infections are Penicillin Binding Protein 2A (PBP2A) and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL). Hence, native structures of these proteins (PDB: 1VQQ and 1T5R) were used as the drug targets. The docking studies revealed that the active component of Aloe vera, β-sitosterol (3S, 8S, 9S, 10R, 13R, 14S, 17R) -17- [(2R, 5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl] -10, 13-dimethyl 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17- dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta [a] phenanthren-3-ol) showed best binding energies of -7.40 kcal/mol and -6.34 kcal/mol for PBP2A and PVL toxin, respectively. Similarly, Meliantriol (1S-1-[ (2R, 3R, 5R)-5-hydroxy-3-[(3S, 5R, 9R, 10R, 13S, 14S, 17S)-3-hydroxy 4, 4, 10, 13, 14-pentamethyl-2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-17-yl] oxolan-2-yl] -2- methylpropane-1, 2 diol), active compound in Azadirachta indica (Neem) showed the binding energies of -6.02 kcal/mol for PBP2A and -8.94 for PVL toxin. Similar studies were conducted with selected herbal compound based on pharmacokinetic properties. All in silico data tested in vitro concluded that herbal extracts of Aloe-vera, Neem, Guava (Psidium guajava), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) and tea (Camellia sinensis) can be used as therapeutics against MRSA infections.     

Design and biophysical characterization of novel polycationic epsilon-peptides for DNA compaction and delivery

Design and solid-phase synthesis of novel and chemically defined linear and branched -oligo( l-lysines) (denoted -K n, where n is the number of lysine residues) and their alpha-substituted homologues (epsilon-(R)K10, epsilon-(Y)K10, epsilon-(L)K10, epsilon-(YR)K10, and epsilon-(LYR)K10) for DNA compaction and delivery are reported. The ability to condense viral (T2 and T4) and plasmid DNA as well as the size of -peptide DNA complexes under different conditions was investigated with static and dynamic light scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry, and fluorescence microscopy. Nanoparticle diameters varied from 100 to 150 and 375 to 550 nm for plasmid and T4 DNA peptide complexes, respectively. Smaller sizes were observed for oligo(L-lysines) compared to alpha-poly( L-lysine). The linear -oligo-lysines are less toxic and epsilon-(LYR)K10 showed higher transfection efficiency in HeLa cells than corresponding controls. The results also demonstrate that with a branched design having pendent groups of short alpha-oligopeptides, improved transfection can be achieved. This study supports the hypothesis that available alpha-oligolysine derived systems would potentially have more favorable delivery properties if they are based instead on epsilon-oligo( L-lysines). The flexible design and unambiguous synthesis that enables variation of pendent groups holds promise for optimization of such -peptides to achieve improved DNA compaction and delivery.     

C(15) Acetogenins from the red alga Laurencia obtusa.

Four C(15) acetogenins, 13-epilaurencienyne (3Z) (1), 13-epipinnatifidenyne (3E) (2), (3E, 6S(*), 7R(*), 9S(*), 10S(*), 12R(*))-9-chloro-13-bromo-6:12-epoxy-7, 10-diacetoxypentadec-3-en-1-yne (3), (3Z, 6S(*), 7R(*), 9S(*), 10S(*), 12R(*))-9-chloro-13-bromo-6:12-epoxy-7, 10-diacetoxypentadec-3-en-1-yne (4), along with the known 13-epilaurencienyne (3E) (5), have been isolated from the organic extract of the red alga Laurencia obtusa, collected in the Aegean Sea, Greece. The structures of the new natural products, as well as their relative stereochemistry, were established by means of spectral data analysis, including 2D NMR spectroscopic experiments. Some of the new metabolites exhibited significant insecticidal activity.     

Biological activity of parathyroid hormone antagonists substituted at position 13.

Lysine occupies position 13 in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, [Nle8,18,Tyr34]bPTH(7-34)NH2. Acylation of the epsilon-amino group in lysine 13 by a hydrophobic moiety is well tolerated in terms of bioactivity: the analog [Nle8,18, D-Trp12,Lys 13 (epsilon-3-phenylpropanoyl),Tyr34]bPTH(7-34)NH2 is equivalent to the parent peptide in its affinity for PTH receptors and its ability to inhibit PTH-stimulated adenylate cyclase in both kidney- and bone-based assays. Truncation of this peptide by deletion of phenylalanyl7 with concomitant removal of the amino-terminal alpha-amino group yielded the analog desamino[Nle8,18,D-Trp12,Lys13 (epsilon-3-phenylpropanoyl),Tyr34]bPTH(8-34)NH2, an antagonist of high potency in vitro (Kb = 4 and 9 nM, Ki = 73 and 3.5 nM in kidney- and bone-based assays, respectively). Also this analog is potentially stable to aminopeptidases present in many biological systems.     

Prostaglandin E2 enhancement of interferon-gamma production by antigen-stimulated type 1 helper T cells.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a potent mediator generated in immune tissues by cyclooxygenation of arachidonic acid. PGE2 affects T cell functions through four homologous G protein-coupled receptors termed EP1R, EP2R, EP3R, and EP4R that differ in tissue distribution and signaling. Antigen-evoked secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by sperm whale myoglobin-specific Th1 cells of DBA/2 mouse I-Ed-restricted clones, that express EP3Rs and EP4Rs, was enhanced a maximum of 3-fold by 10(-10) to 10(-8) M PGE2 and 2.5-fold each for the EP1R/EP3R-directed agonist sulprostone (10(-8) and 10(-7) M) and for the EP4R/EP3R/EP2R agonist misoprostol (10(-9) M). Neither PGE2 nor the synthetic analogs affected secretion of IFN-gamma by PMA plus ionomycin-stimulated clones of Th1 cells. Antigen-evoked secretion of IFN-gamma by influenza hemagglutinin-specific mouse lymph node Th1 cells, that also express EP3Rs and EP4Rs, was increased a maximum of 12-fold by 10(-9) to 10(-8) M PGE2, 14-fold by 10(-9) M sulprostone, and 10-fold by 10(-9) M misoprostol. Production of IFN-gamma by either type of Th1 cell was not affected significantly by 10(-6) M PGE2 alone. The generation of IFN-gamma by antigen-stimulated Th1 cells thus is significantly enhanced by physiologically relevant concentrations of PGE2.     

Synthesis and binding selectivity of 7- and 15-decylbenzolactone-V8 for the C1 domains of protein kinase C isozymes

Benzolactone-V8 (4) is a lactone analogue of the artificial tumor promoter benzolactam-V8 (1). To investigate the effect of hydrophobic substituents at positions 7 and 15 of 4 on binding selectivity for protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes, 7- and 15-decylbenzolactone-V8 (7, 8) were synthesized and their binding affinities for synthetic PKC isozyme C1 peptides were examined. Compound 8 showed moderate selectivity for novel PKC isozymes similar to 9-decylbenzolactone-V8 (5), while 7 was less selective. Compounds 7 and 8 showed no significant selectivity among novel PKC isozymes unlike 8-decylbenzolactone-V8 (6). These results indicate that the introduction of a hydrophobic substituent at position 8 of 4 is most effective in the development of PKC epsilon- and PKCeta-selective binders.     

Noncompetitive antibody neutralization of IL-10 revealed by protein engineering and x-ray crystallography

IL-10 is a dimeric cytokine that must engage its high-affinity cell surface receptor, IL-10R1, to induce multiple cellular activities. Here we report the 1.9 A crystal structure of an engineered IL-10 monomer (IL-10M1) in complex with a neutralizing Fab fragment (9D7Fab). 9D7Fab and IL-10R1 bind distinct nonoverlapping surfaces on IL-10M1. Antagonism of the IL-10M1/IL-10R1 interaction is the result of 9D7Fab-induced conformational changes in the CD loop of IL-10M1 that indirectly alter the structure of the IL-10R1 binding site. A single mutation (Ile87Ala) in the same CD loop region of the Epstein-Barr virus IL-10 (ebvIL-10) also reduces IL-10R1 binding affinity, suggesting that ebvIL-10 and 9D7Fab use similar allosteric mechanisms to modulate IL-10R1 affinity and biological activity.     

Two novel C29-5beta-sterols from the stems of Opuntia dillenii

Two novel C29-5beta-sterols, opuntisterol [(24R)-24-ethyl-5beta-cholest-9-ene-6beta,12alpha-diol] (1) and opuntisteroside [(24R)-24-ethyl-6beta-[(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5beta-cholest-9-ene-12alpha-ol] (2), together with nine known compounds, beta-sitosterol (3), taraxerol (4), friedelin (5), methyl linoleate (6), 7-oxositosterol (7), 6beta-hydroxystigmast-4-ene-3-one (8), daucosterol (9), methyl eucomate (10) and eucomic acid (11), were isolated from the stems of Opuntia dillenii collected in Guizhou Province, China. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 were deduced from comparative 1H NMR data of the (S)- and (R)-methoxyphenyl acetate derivatives. Compounds 6-8, 10 and 11 were isolated from O. dillenii for the first time.     

Sesquiterpene lactone glucosides and alkyl glycosides from the fruit of cumin

From the polar portion of the methanolic extract of cumin (fruit of Cuminum cyminum L.), two sesquiterpenoid glucosides, cuminoside A and B, and two alkyl glycosides were isolated together with five known compounds. Their structures were established as (1S,5S,6S,10S)-10-hydroxyguaia-3,7(11)-dien-12,6-olide beta-D-glucopyranoside, (1R,5R,6S,7S,9S,10R,11R)-1,9-dihydroxyeudesm-3-en-12,6-olide 9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, methyl beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and ethane-1,2-diol 1-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.     

三种毒菌的化学成分研究

本文对三种毒菌的化学成分进行了研究。从光盖伞(Psilocybe spp)分离鉴定了4个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为:(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-十八烷酸酯(1)、β-胡萝卜苷(2)、(22E,24R)-5α,6α-环氧麦角甾-8,22-二烯-3β,7α-二醇(3)、色氨酸(4);从假褐云斑鹅膏(Amanita pseudoporphyria)分离鉴定了4个化合物:(22E,24R)-3β-羟基-5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,22-二烯(5)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(6)、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(2S,3R,4E,8E,2′R)-2-N-(2′-羟基棕榈酰)-9-甲基-4,8-脱氢鞘氨醇(7)、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(2S,3R,4E,8E,2′R)-2-N-(2′-羟基十八烷酰)-9-甲基-4,8-脱氢鞘氨醇(8);大青褶伞(Chlorophyllum molybdites)发酵菌丝体分离鉴定了4个化合物:5、6、(22E,24R)-5α,6α-环氧麦角甾-8(14),22-二烯-3β,7α-二醇(9)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(10)。除化合物9外其它化合物均为首次从以上相应毒菌中分离得到。     

Cyclic analogs of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) with high agonist potency and selectivity at human melanocortin receptor 1b

Alpha-melanotropin (alphaMSH), Ac-Ser1-Tyr2-Ser3-Met4-Glu5-His6-Phe7-Arg8-Trp9-Gly10-Lys11-Pro12-Val13-NH2,(1) has been long recognized as an important physiological regulator of skin and hair pigmentation in mammals. Binding of this peptide to the melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) leads to activation of tyrosinase, the key enzyme of the melanin biosynthesis pathway. In this study, interactions of the human MC1bR (an isoform of the receptor 1a) with the synthetic cyclic analogs of alphaMSH were studied. These ligands were analogs of MTII, Ac-Nle4-cyclo-(Asp5-His6-D-Phe7-Arg8-Trp9-Lys10)-NH2, a potent pan-agonist at the human melanocortin receptors (hMC1,3-5R). In the structure of MTII, the His6-D-Phe7-Arg8-Trp9 segment has been recognized as "essential" for molecular recognition at the human melanocortin receptors (hMC1,3-5R). Herein, the role of the Trp9 in the ligand interactions with the hMC1b,3-5R has been reevaluated. Analogs with various amino acids in place of Trp9 were synthesized and tested in vitro in receptor affinity binding and cAMP functional assays at human melanocortin receptors 1b, 3, 4 and 5 (hMC1b,3-5R). Several of the new peptides were high potency agonists (partial) at hMC1bR (EC50 from 0.5 to 20 nM) and largely inactive at hMC3-5R. The bulky aromatic side chain in position 9, such as that in Trp, was found not to be essential to agonism (partial) of the studied peptides at hMC1bR.     

CI-906 and CI-907: new orally active nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

CI-906, [3S-[2[R*(R*)]], 3R*]-2-[2-[[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-amino]-1-oxopropyl] 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid, monohydrochloride, and CI-907, [2S-[1[R*(R*)]], 2 alpha, 3a beta, 7a 7a beta]-1-[2-[[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]amino] 1-oxopropyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, monohydrochloride, are two new nonsulfhydryl-type angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Monoester (prodrug) and diacid forms produced concentration-related ACE inhibition in guinea pig serum (IC50 for CI-906 = 8.3 X 10(-9) M, diacid = 2.8 X 10(-9) M; CI-907 = 1.0 X 10(-7) M, diacid = 2.6 X 10(-9) M). In isolated rabbit aortic rings and in in vivo rat and dog autonomic studies, both compounds were highly specific in suppressing the contractile or pressor responses to angiotensin I. In two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt (renin-dependent) hypertensive rats there was a good correlation between the inhibition of vascular converting enzyme and blood pressure lowering and a poor correlation between blood pressure lowering and plasma and brain converting enzyme inhibition. Cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system performance evaluations showed no side effects or gross toxicity. The preclinical profile shows CI-906 and CI-907 to be specific, potent, orally active ACE inhibitors. They are expected to have therapeutic utility in hypertension and in any other condition where converting enzyme inhibition would be useful.     

Microbial transformation of (+)-nootkatone and the antiproliferative activity of its metabolites

Six metabolites were obtained as a result of microbial transformation of (+)-nootkatone (1) by the fungal strains: Botrytis, Didymosphaeria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium and Fusarium. Their structure were established as (+)-(4R,5S,7R,9R)-9α-hydroxynootkatone (2), (+)-(4R,5S,7R)-13-hydroxynootkatone (3) and (+)-(4R,5S,7R,9R,11S)-11,12-epoxy-9α-hydroxynootkatone (4), (+)-(4R,5S,7R,11S)-11,12-epoksynootkatone (5), (+)-(4R,5S,7R)-11,12-dihydroxynootkatone (6) and (+)-(4R,5S,7R)-7,11,12-trihydroxynootkatone (7) on the basis of their spectral data. Two products: (4) and (7) were not previously reported in the literature. The antiproliferative activity of (+)-nootkatone (1) and isolated metabolites (2-7) of its biotransformation has been evaluated.     

The membrane anchor R7BP controls the proteolytic stability of the striatal specific RGS protein, RGS9-2

A member of the RGS (regulators of G protein signaling) family, RGS9-2 is a critical regulator of G protein signaling pathways that control locomotion and reward signaling in the brain. RGS9-2 is specifically expressed in striatal neurons where it forms complexes with its newly discovered partner, R7BP (R7 family binding protein). Interaction with R7BP is important for the subcellular targeting of RGS9-2, which in native neurons is found in plasma membrane and its specializations, postsynaptic densities. Here we report that R7BP plays an additional important role in determining proteolytic stability of RGS9-2. We have found that co-expression with R7BP dramatically elevates the levels of RGS9-2 and its constitutive subunit, Gbeta5. Measurement of the RGS9-2 degradation kinetics in cells indicates that R7BP markedly reduces the rate of RGS9-2.Gbeta5 proteolysis. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference knockdown of the R7BP expression in native striatal neurons results in the corresponding decrease in RGS9-2 protein levels. Analysis of the molecular determinants that mediate R7BP/RGS9-2 binding to result in proteolytic protection have identified that the binding site for R7BP in RGS proteins is formed by pairing of the DEP (Disheveled, EGL-10, Pleckstrin) domain with the R7H (R7 homology), a domain of previously unknown function that interacts with four putative alpha-helices of the R7BP core. These findings provide a mechanism for the regulation of the RGS9 protein stability in the striatal neurons.     

Derivatives of daunorubicin containing an inosine fragment

Condensation of daunorubicin or its (13 R, S)-dihydro derivative with inosine dialdehyde in the presence of NaBH3CN yielded novel derivatives of anthracycline antibiotics with incorporated inosine residue: 3'-deamino-3'-[(2" R)-(hypoxanthyl-9)-(6" S)-hydroxymethylmorpholino-N4"]- daunorubicin and (13 R,S)-dihydro-3'-deamino-3'-[(2" R)-(hypoxanthyl-9)-(6" S)- hydroxymethylmorpholino-N4"]-daunorubicin. The compounds did not inhibit growth of Bacillus mycoides and were less cytotoxic in vitro and less toxic in vivo than the parent antibiotics.     

Conjugation in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides mediated by R plasmids

Plasmids R68.45, RP4, RP4::Mu cts62, RP1ts::Tn10, RP1ts::Tn9, Rts1 and RP41 were transferred into cells of photosynthetic nitrogen-fixation bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The transfer of plasmids occurred with high frequency of 10(-1) to 10(-2) per donor cell in all cases. Mobilization of R. sphaeroides 2R chromosome was obtained by RP4 and Rts1 plasmids at a frequency of 10(-7) to 10(-8) per donor cell in all cases. Mobilization of R. sphaeroides 2R chromosome was obtained by RP4 and Rts1 plasmids at a frequency of 10(-7) to 10(-8) per donor cell. Bacteriophage Mu cts62 could be induced from the plasmid DNA in R. sphaeroides 2R cells and was capable of the lytic growth and producing phage progeny. It was demonstrated that an increase in the efficiency of donor chromosomal genes transfer into recipient cells could be achieved in crosses with the donor carrying RP4::Mcts62 plasmid.     

肋果茶中的萜类化学成分研究

从肋果茶(Sladenia celastrifolia)95％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到15个萜类化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为sladeniafolin A(1),grasshopper ketone (2),(3S,5R,6S,7E,9R) -7-megastigmene-3,6,9-triol (3),hedytriol (4),(3S,5R,6R,7E,9R) -3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-megastigmene(5),1′S*,4′R*-8-(4′-hydroxy-2′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)-6-methyloct-3E,5E,7E-trien -2-one (6),2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (7),2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(8),pomolic acid(9),3-O-acetyl pomolic acid(10),ursaldehyde (11),camarolide (12),3β-hydroxyurs-11-en-13β(28) -olide (13),3β-hydroxy -11α,12α-epoxy-urs-13β,28-olide (14)和28-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl euscaphic acid (15).以上化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,其中1为新的C9裂环烯醚萜.