大白菜真叶的组织培养及植株再生

1　植物名称　大白菜 (Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａｃａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓｓｓｐ .ｐｅｋｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)北京 80号和Ｎｏ .1 0。2　材料类别　无菌苗真叶。3　培养条件　 (1 )种子萌发培养基 :ＭＳ0 (即ＭＳ) ;(2 )芽分化培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 1 ＡｇＮＯ33 ;(3 )芽伸长及生根培养基 :ＭＳ0 。以上培养基均加 3 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 蔗糖 ,1 0 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 琼脂 ,ｐＨ 5 .8。ＡｇＮＯ3事先配成 1ｍｇ·ｍｌ- 1 母液 ,过滤灭菌 ,温度降到 5 0℃左右时加入。光照度为2 0 0 0ｌｘ ,光周期 1 6ｈ/8ｈ ,温度 (2 5± 1 )℃。4　生…     

龙蒿的组织培养和快繁

1　植物名称　龙蒿 (Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａｄｒａｃｕｎｃｕｌｕｓ) ,又名狭叶青蒿。2　材料类别　嫩尖、茎段。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :(1 ) 1 /3ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 0 .2。增殖培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＩＢＡ 0 .2 ;(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .2 ＩＢＡ 0 .2 ;(4)ＭＳ。生根培养基 :(5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 0 .5 ;(6 ) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ;(7) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .5。以上培养基加入微生物多糖固化剂 4.5 ｇ·Ｌ- 1 ,蔗糖 3 % ,培养温度 (2 5± 2 )℃ ,ｐＨ5 .86 .0 ,光照度 1 5 0 0…     

美丽竹芋的组织培养

1　植物名称　美丽竹芋 (Ｃａｌａｔｈｅａｏｒｎａｔａｃｖ .ｒｏｓｅｏ ｌｉｎｅａｔａ)。2　材料类别　地下芽。3　培养条件　诱芽培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ;( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＩＡＡ0 .2 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＩＡＡ 1 ;( 4 )ＭＳ 6 Ｂ     

木立芦荟的组织培养及快速繁殖

1　植物名称　木立芦荟 (Ａｌｏｅａｒｂｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｓｖａｒ .ｎａｔａｌｅｎｓｉｓ)。2　材料类别　具芽点的茎段。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .2。不定芽增殖培养基 :( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 4 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;( 5)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1。生根培养基 :( 6)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5;( 7) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5;( 8)ＭＳ。以上培养基均加 0 .7%琼脂、3%蔗糖 ,ｐＨ5.8。培养温度 2 2～2 7℃ ,光照 1 0～ 1 2…     

食用菠萝的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　菠萝 (Ａｎａｎａｓｃｏｍｏｓｕｓ)。2　材料类别　吸芽。3　培养条件　以ＭＳ为基本培养基。 (1 )诱导芽分化培养基 :1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 1ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) 0 2 %活性炭 ;(2 )增殖培养基 :ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 2 6 ＢＡ2 ;(3 )生根培养基 :1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 2 5 0 5 %活性炭。以上培养基均用 0 5 %卡拉胶 ,3 %蔗糖 ,培养基ｐＨ值 5 8,培养温度为 (2 5± 2 )℃ ,光照度 2 0 0 0ｌｘ,光照时间 1 0ｈ·ｄ- 1 。4　生长与分化情况4.1　诱导芽分化　取营养生长阶段健壮植株的吸芽 ,用小毛刷蘸 0 5 %洗衣粉溶液轻轻刷…     

铁兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　铁兰 (Ｔｉｌｌａｎｄｓｉａｃｙａｎｅａ)。2　材料类别　短缩茎。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :( 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1。不定芽增殖与继代培养基 :( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 1 ＩＡＡ 1 ;( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 2 ;( 4 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＩＡＡ 2 ;( 5)ＭＳ ＫＴ 5 ＮＡＡ 1 ＩＡＡ 1。生根培养基 :( 6)ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .5;( 7)ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 0 .5;( 8)ＭＳ。以上培养基均附加蔗糖 3%、琼脂 0 .7% ,ｐＨ值调至 5.8,培养温度 ( 2 5± 1 )℃ ,光照时间 1 2ｈ·ｄ- 1 ,光照度1 5…     

捕蝇草的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　捕蝇草 (Ｄｉｏｎａｅａｍｕｓｃｉｐｕｌａ)。2　材料类别　子叶、叶片。3　培养条件　种子培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .1ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1。愈伤组织与不定芽诱导培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ0 .5 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;(3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;     

台农16号菠萝新品种的快速繁殖

1　植物名称　菠萝 (Ａｎａｎａｓｃｏｍｏｓｕｓ)品种台农 1 6号。2　材料类别　腋芽、顶芽。3　培养条件　芽诱导培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 2 .0 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .5 ;芽增殖培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ,(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ     

金百合的离体快速繁殖

1　植物名称　金百合 (Ｌｉｌｉｕｍｔｒｏｍｐｅｔｅｎ)。2　材料类别　带腋芽的幼嫩茎段。3　培养条件　以ＭＳ为基本培养基。 (1 )芽诱导培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .6～ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .3～ 0 .4;(2 )增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5～ 1 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .1～ 0 .2 ;(3)生根培养基 :ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .3～ 0 .5。培养基含蔗糖 30ｇ·Ｌ-1、琼脂 9ｇ·Ｌ-1,ｐＨ 5 .8。培养温度2 2～ 2 5℃ ,光照度 1 5 0 0ｌｘ ,光照时间 1 2ｈ·ｄ-1。4　生长与分化情况4.1　愈伤组织及芽的诱导　取金百合花序下端幼嫩的带腋芽茎段 ,…     

爱元果的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　爱元果 (Ｄｉｓｃｈｉｄｉａｐｅｃｔｎｏｉｄｅｓ)。2　材料类别　带芽茎切段。3　培养条件　诱导侧芽萌动及不定芽分化的培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ;继代增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .5 ＩＢＡ 0 .3 ;生根培养基 :1 2ＭＳ ＩＡＡ 0 .5。以上培养基均含蔗糖3 %,琼脂 0 .7%,培养基ｐＨ值 5 .8,培养温度 (2 5± 2 )℃ ,光照度 1 5 0 0ｌｘ ,光照时间 1 2ｈ·ｄ-1。4　生长与分化情况4.1　诱导分化　取新鲜爱元果茎段 (1 0ｃｍ) ,去除叶片后 ,分别用 0 .1 %的肥皂水和蒸馏水洗净。于超…     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism