共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
对木薯粉和甘蔗汁混合原料进行高温高浓度乙醇发酵的条件进行了优化,在单因素实验的基础上,先应用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出影响发酵的重要参数,再利用正交试验设计确定重要因素的最佳水平,即:木薯粉与甘蔗汁的比例为1∶5(W/V),发酵初始pH为4.0~4.5,尿素添加量为0.25%(W/W),硫酸镁添加量为0.04%(W/W)。最后在发酵过程中采用梯度温度控制,可显著提高发酵效率。在技术集成的基础上,进行了2L发酵罐放大实验,经过48h发酵,发酵成熟醪乙醇浓度可达17.84%(V/V),发酵效率达91.82%。 相似文献
2.
3.
天津大学石油化工技术开发中心和广西中粮生物质能源有限公司合作的“年产20万t木薯燃料乙醇示范工程”技术成果通过广西壮族自治区科技厅组织的鉴定。 相似文献
4.
乙醇是一种十分重要的工业用途的化工原料。目前国内外学者纷纷采用不同的方法和手段对乙醇发酵进行研究,目前,利用废弃物为原料生产乙醇是热点。本文阐述了利用各种废弃原料生产乙醇的必要性,并分别论述了利用纤维质废弃物、淀粉质废弃物、糖质废弃物等生产乙醇的研究进展,着重论述了利用纤维质废弃物的生产情况,提出了需进一步研究和解决的问题。 相似文献
5.
6.
广西中粮20万吨/年木薯燃料乙醇装置建成后经历多次工艺改造,为了评估广西装置的能量投入/产出,利用国内已有的全生命周期模型进行了净能量分析。计算结果表明,广西装置的净能量为9.56 MJ/L乙醇。其中乙醇转化环节的能量投入占总能量投入的51.3%,而其中精馏工序仅蒸汽消耗即占乙醇转化总能耗的61.5%。副产品提供的能量可补偿5.03 MJ/L乙醇。因此,原料的综合利用是广西装置提高能源利用效率的重要措施,精馏工序的节能改造对净能量具有重要影响。最后展望了木薯燃料乙醇的发展前景。 相似文献
7.
为了探讨在甘蔗产区种植甜高粱填充甘蔗压榨期,利用现有压榨设备生产燃料乙醇的可行性,2008年选用15个早、中、晚熟甜高粱品种在广西柳州进行了分期播种试验,从3月到9月,共播种7次,研究不同播期对茎秆产量、籽粒产量、茎秆糖锤度、叶片产量等的影响。研究表明,3~8月播种,所有参试品种均能正常生长,9月底播种,所有品种均不能正常成熟。茎秆鲜产最高的品种是Sart和PT3-S,平均单季茎秆产量分别为79.28 t/hm2和78.58 t/hm2,双季茎秆鲜产分别为157.95 t/hm2和155.25 t/hm2。从6月底开始,早熟品种开始成熟,之后,不同品种陆续成熟,一直到12月底,均有品种可以收获。年度双季乙醇产量最高产量可达9.14 t/hm2。此外,还估算了木质纤维素产量,讨论了甘蔗区发展甜高粱填充甘蔗空榨期生产燃料乙醇的可行性以及甜高粱综合利用的潜力。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
丙酸是以玉米为原料自絮凝酵母乙醇连续发酵系统废糟液全循环过程中积累的主要抑制物。基于丙酸对酵母细胞抑制机理,开发了3种废糟液全循环条件下乙醇连续发酵工艺策略。首先根据高温导致丙酸生成的现象,去除了物料灭菌环节,使发酵液丙酸浓度显著降低,生物量和乙醇浓度分别提高了59.3%和7.4%。其次,以丙酸浓度达到半数抑制浓度(IC50)40 mmol/L为目标,通过拟合丙酸积累数据预测废糟液全循环的最长运行时间,发酵装置运行应控制在此时间范围内。再次,较低的环境pH值提高了丙酸毒性,而实验证明发酵液pH为5.5时,丙酸对细胞生长的抑制影响最小,因此控制发酵过程中的pH有利于弱化丙酸毒性。 相似文献
11.
酒精-沼气双发酵耦联工艺中SO42-的控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
SO2-4是酒精-沼气双发酵耦联工艺稳定运行的重要抑制物.在耦联工艺中,以中温厌氧出水代替自来水配料进行酒精发酵.通过无预糖化工序的同步糖化发酵技术研究,将酒精发酵的初始pH提高到6.0,H2SO4的消耗降低了50%,使SO2-4的质量浓度维持在3g/L的沼气发酵安全范围内.在进行高浓度酒精发酵时,糖化酶的添加量为每克木薯添加140U,发酵54h,最终酒精体积分数达14.7%.糖化酶添加量与常规酒精发酵用量相比,每克木薯增加了糖化酶20 U. 相似文献
12.
13.
Mengmeng Hao Dong Jiang Jianhua Wang Jingying Fu Yaohuan Huang 《Global Change Biology Bioenergy》2017,9(9):1447-1460
Concerns over energy shortages and global climate change have stimulated developments toward renewable energy. Biofuels have been developed to replace fossil fuels to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and other environmental impacts. However, food security and water scarcity are other growing concerns, and the increased production of biofuels may increase these problems. This study focuses on whether biofuel development would stress China's water resources. Cassava‐based fuel ethanol and sweet sorghum‐based fuel ethanol are the focus of this study because they are the most typical nongrain biofuels in China. The spatial distribution of the total water requirement of fuel ethanol over its life cycle process was simulated using a biophysical biogeochemical model and marginal land as one of the types of input data for the model to avoid impacts on food security. The total water requirement of fuel ethanol was then compared with the spatial distribution of water resources, and the influence of the development of fuel ethanol on water resources at the pixel and river basin region scales was analyzed. The result showed that the total water requirement of fuel ethanol ranges from 37.81 to 862.29 mm. However, considering water resource restrictions, not all of the marginal land is suitable for the development of fuel ethanol. Approximately 0.664 million km2 of marginal land is suitable for the development of fuel ethanol, most of which is located in the south of China, where water resources are plentiful. For these areas, the value of fuel ethanol's water footprint ranges from 0.05 to 11.90 m3 MJ?1. From the water point of view, Liaoning province, Guizhou province, Anhui province and Hunan province can be given priority for the development of fuel ethanol. 相似文献
14.
Both the current corn starch to ethanol industry and the emerging lignocellulosic biofuels industry view recycling of spent fermentation broth or stillage as a method to reduce fresh water use. The objective of this study was to understand the impact of recycling stillage on conversion of corn stover to ethanol. Sugars in a dilute‐acid pretreated corn stover hydrolysate were fermented to ethanol by the glucose–xylose fermenting bacteria Zymomonas mobilis 8b. Three serial fermentations were performed at two different initial sugar concentrations using either 10% or 25% of the stillage as makeup water for the next fermentation in the series. Serial fermentations were performed to achieve near steady state concentration of inhibitors and other compounds in the corn stover hydrolysate. Little impact on ethanol yields was seen at sugar concentrations equivalent to pretreated corn stover slurry at 15% (w/w) with 10% recycle of the stillage. However, ethanol yields became progressively poorer as the sugar concentration increased and fraction of the stillage recycled increased. At an equivalent corn stover slurry concentration of 20% with 25% recycled stillage the ethanol yield was only 5%. For this microorganism with dilute‐acid pretreated corn stover, recycling a large fraction of the stillage had a significant negative impact on fermentation performance. Although this finding is of concern for biochemical‐based lignocellulose conversion processes, other microorganism/pretreatment technology combinations will likely perform differently. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;105: 992–996. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
15.
利用耐高温酵母GXASY-10菌株对木薯粉同步糖化(SSF)法生产高浓度乙醇的发酵条件进行了优化。在单因素实验的基础上,首先应用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选影响酒精高温高浓度发酵的重要参数,采用最陡爬坡实验逼近最大酒精生产区域后,利用Box-Behnken设计确定重要参数的最佳水平。筛选结果表明,影响酒精产量的重要参数是液化时间、糖化酶用量和初始木薯粉(底物)浓度。最佳工艺条件为:液化时间为35min,糖化酶添加量为1.21AGU/g底物,底物浓度为37.62%。20L发酵罐在此条件下(发酵温度37℃,转速100r/min)经过48h发酵,酒精浓度可达16.07%(V/W)。优化条件与初始条件相比较,酒精浓度提高了33%。 相似文献
16.
Two corn preparation methods, rollermill flaking and hammermill grinding, were compared for efficient processing of corn into ethanol by granular starch hydrolysis and simultaneous fermentation by yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Corn was either ground in a hammermill with different size screens or crushed in a smooth-surfaced rollermill at different roller gap settings. The partitioning of beer solids and size distribution of solids in the thin stillage were compared. The mean particle diameter d50 for preparations varied with set-ups and ranged between 210 and 340 μm for ground corn, and 1180-1267 μm for flaked corn. The ethanol concentrations in beer were similar (18-19% v/v) for ground and flaked preparations, however, ethanol productivity increased with reduced particle size. Roller versus hammermilling of corn reduced solids in thin stillage by 28%, and doubled the volume percent of fines (d50 ∼ 7 μm)in thin stillage and decreased coarse (d50 ∼ 122 μm) by half compared to hammermilling. 相似文献
17.
To date, transgenic approaches to biofortify subsistence crops have been rather limited. This is particularly true for the starchy root crop cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz). Cassava has one of the highest rates of CO2 fixation and sucrose synthesis for any C3 plant, but rarely reaches its yield potentials in the field. It was our hypothesis that starch production in cassava tuberous roots could be increased substantially by increasing the sink strength for carbohydrate. To test this hypothesis, we generated transgenic plants with enhanced tuberous root ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity. This was achieved by expressing a modified form of the bacterial glgC gene under the control of a Class I patatin promoter. AGPase catalyses the rate-limiting step in starch biosynthesis, and therefore the expression of a more active bacterial form of the enzyme was expected to lead to increased starch production. To facilitate maximal AGPase activity, we modified the Escherichia coli glgC gene (encoding AGPase) by site-directed mutagenesis (G336D) to reduce allosteric feedback regulation by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Transgenic plants (three) expressing the glgC gene had up to 70% higher AGPase activity than control plants when assayed under conditions optimal for plant and not bacterial AGPase activity. Plants having the highest AGPase activities had up to a 2.6-fold increase in total tuberous root biomass when grown under glasshouse conditions. In addition, plants with the highest tuberous root AGPase activity had significant increases in above-ground biomass, consistent with a possible reduction in feedback inhibition on photosynthetic carbon fixation. These results demonstrate that targeted modification of enzymes regulating source–sink relationships in crop plants having high carbohydrate source strengths is an effective strategy for increasing carbohydrate yields in sink tissues. 相似文献