广东苏铁及中国东南部几种苏铁的研究

本文对华东南(台湾,广东,海南)产的广东苏铁、台东苏铁及海南苏铁的形态学、解剖学和分类学问题、以及这几种苏铁的亲缘关系进行了讨论。本文附有检索表及图。     

福建苏铁调查研究初报

对福建苏铁经过三年多的调查、观察和研究,基本完成福建苏铁原产地的调查,认为福建原产两种苏铁,即苏铁与四川苏铁。本文还对福州树木园引种栽培的苏铁进行分类研究,有苏铁、四川苏铁、海南苏铁、攀枝花苏铁、广东苏铁、台东苏铁、元江苏铁、暹罗苏铁、石山苏铁、篦齿苏铁、越南苏铁、叉叶苏铁、多羽叉叶苏铁、多歧苏铁、刺叶苏铁等,另有三种形态特征比较特殊的苏铁也在本文进行了简要描述。     

福建苏铁调查研究初报

对福建苏铁经过三年多的调查、观察和研究 ,基本完成福建苏铁原产地的调查 ,认为福建原产两种苏铁 ,即苏铁与四川苏铁。本文还对福州树木园引种栽培的苏铁进行分类研究 ,有苏铁、四川苏铁、海南苏铁、攀枝花苏铁、广东苏铁、台东苏铁、元江苏铁、暹罗苏铁、石山苏铁、篦齿苏铁、越南苏铁、叉叶苏铁、多羽叉叶苏铁、多歧苏铁、刺叶苏铁等 ,另有三种形态特征比较特殊的苏铁也在本文进行了简要描述。     

苏铁属一新亚种

苏铁属一新亚种陈介,云波（中国科学院昆明植物研究所,昆明６５０２０４）（个旧市第二中学,个旧６６１４００）关键词苏铁科,苏铁属,新亚种、蔓耗苏铁蔓耗苏铁新亚种ＡＮＥＷＴＡＸＡＯＦＣＹＣＡＳ（ＣＹＣＡＤＡＣＥＡｋ）ＩＮＹＵＮＮＡＮ￥ＣＮＥＮＣｈｅｉｈ（...     

石山苏铁与锈毛苏铁羽片解剖学研究

研究了石山苏铁与锈毛苏铁叶的羽片横切面结构,结果表明,石山苏铁叶表面具厚的角质层,表皮细胞壁厚,排成整齐的一列：下皮层厚壁细胞仅分布于中脉隆起区和叶缘：叶肉由栅栏组织和海绵组织构成,栅栏组织为排列整齐的柱状细胞组成,位于近轴面的表皮层下方,并延伸至中脉区：海绵组织的细胞分布于副转输组织两侧,含晶细胞少;韧皮部在远轴面,排成弧形;木质部在近轴面,管胞分散,锈毛苏铁的羽片横切面结构在叶缘的形态,叶脉区隆起形态,韧皮部形态,分泌道有无及下皮层厚壁细胞的特点等方面与石山苏铁存在较明显的差异,本文支持把两者作为独立种的观点。     

贵州苏铁的核型分析

本文报道了贵州苏铁(Cycas guizhouensis)的染色体数目及核型,并与攀枝花苏铁(C.panzhihuaensis)、苏铁(C.revoluta)、华南苏铁(C.rumphii),拳叶苏铁(C.circinalis)和C.media等的核型进行了比较,讨论了苏铁属植物不同核型的进化趋势,提出了苏铁属植物的两种地理分布核型,即1.北回归线以北为K(2n)=22=2m+4sm+4st+12T包括贵州苏铁和攀枝花苏铁;2.北回归线及其以南为K(2n)=22=4m+8st+10T,包括苏铁、华南苏铁、拳叶苏铁和C.media。     

贵州苏铁的核型分析

本文报道了贵州苏铁(Cycas guizhouensis)的染色体数目及核型,并与攀枝花苏铁(C. panzhihuaensis)、苏铁(C. revoluta)华南苏铁(C．rumphii)、拳叶苏铁(C. circinalis)和C. media等的核型进行了比较,讨论了苏铁属植物不同核型的进化趋势,提出了苏铁属植物的两种地理分布核型,即1．北回归线以北为K(2n)=22=2m+4sm+4st十12T包括贵州苏铁和攀枝花苏铁;2．北回归线及其以南为K(2n)=22=4m+8st+10T,包括苏铁、华南苏铁,拳叶苏铁和C. media。     

我国苏铁属一新种

我国苏铁属(苏铁种)一新种, 即念珠苏铁。     

海南岛苏铁属一新种

海南岛苏铁属（苏铁科）一新种,即三亚苏铁。     

中国苏铁

苏铁家族溯源 苏铁又名铁树,这里讲的苏铁不只限于狭义的苏铁一个物种,而是指广义的苏铁类植物(CYCADS)。苏铁类是现存地球上最原始的一类种子植物。据化石记录,它最早出现在地球上是在古生代二迭纪约2.5亿年前,到侏罗纪约1.5—1.9亿年时期,苏铁类植物发展达到顶峰,多种多样的古苏铁植物类群遍布于世界各大陆,与当时动物界的兽王——恐龙并驾称霸地球。至今发现的苏铁类化石至少有30属,     

Karyotype Analysis of Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou et S. Y. Yang

This paper reports chromosome number and karyotype analysis of Cycas panzhihuaensis endemic to China. The material was collected from Dukou, Sichuan. It is a diploid species, with 2n=22=2m+4sm+4st+l2t. The karyotype of Cycas panzhihuaensis is different from that of the other species of the genus Cycas, which was known to be 2n=4m+8st+10t. The former is a new karyotype in the genus. The authors briefly discuss karyotype evolution of the genus Cycas in this papar.     

Notes on Cycas multipinnata C. J. Chen et S. Y. Yang

A more detailed descrption of a rare and endangered species Cycas multipinnata C．J．Chen et S．Y．Yang from SE Yunnan,China is given．Male and female cones of this species is described for the first time．Cycas longipetiolula D．Y．Wang is reduced and treated as a new synonym of the species．     

台湾苏铁的分布及模式产地

对台湾苏铁Cycas taiwaniana的形态特征、分布和模式产地做了增补和修订。目前台湾苏铁仅分布在我国福建省的中南部,且仅有一株野生植株生长在平和县。台湾苏铁的模式株仍生长在漳州市陈元光庙前。     

苏铁的引种栽培与生长状况调查

厦门园林植物园自20世纪60年代开始开展苏铁的迁地保育工作,对园内引种苏铁的栽培现状、生物学特性以及生长状况的调查表明,厦门园林植物园引种种植的苏铁长势良好,花期为5~6月,种子10~11月成熟;植株生长缓慢,干高年均生长量3.026cm,地径年均生长量0.726cm。     

泰国的苏铁

介绍泰国现存苏铁属10个种和2个亚种的分布与生境、形态特征及栽培技术要点,并介绍该属植物的授粉方式及虫害情况。     

仙湖苏铁野生种群的报道

深圳塘朗山分布的仙湖苏铁种群是首次发现的该物种的野生种群,具有极高的研究价值,可填补仙湖苏铁野外研究的空白,但目前已处于濒危状态。笔者对该种群在塘朗山的分布状况以及群落特征作了初步报道．     

Pollination Biology of Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou et S.Y.Yang

The population of cone-bearing cycad, Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou et S. Y. Yang, was male-biased. Although the number of male individuals was almost equal to that of female individuals, the clonal and cone production of male individuals was 1.31 and 2.21 times as much as that of female individuals respectively. The sequence of pollen shedding was from the base to the top of the cone and microsporophyll. The peak of daily pollen shedding occurred at noon and in the afternoon. The airborne pollen concentration decreased quickly within 2.55 m and finally maintained at a low level along with the distance from emitting male cone. The megastrobilus was transformed into a receptive state at the beginning of pollination due to the regular morphological changes of megasporophylls. Two kinds of ants and one kind of cockroaches were found to be active within the megas- trobili during pollination, albeit causing no tissue damage. The microstrobili gave off a strong odor of fennel that could dispel all the insects nearby. The sterile foliar structure of the megasporophyll was able to secret aqueous droplets at dawn which might function as transporting adhered pollen grains by dislodging and accumulating them on or near micropyles during the process of droplets falling. Resuits from field observation showed that pollination of C. panzhihuaensis might be accomplished by different pollinators. Pollen grains were firstly wind-transported from microstrobili to megastrobili and then insects and secreted droplets on the megasporophyll either directly or indirectly carried the pollen grains to ovules within a megastrobilus. However, insects might play as a subsidiary pollinator due to the preferential concentration of airborne pollen grains transported to the megasporophylls.