如何利用国际互联网络查询与微生物有关的信息

计算机网络的广泛应用使信息的传递速度大大加快,借助计算机网络人们足不出户便可享受网络提供的各种服务。随着网站数量的增加,网上提供的专业信息量也逐渐增多,利用国际互联网络快速查找到与微生物有关的信息资源,可通过选择网站、采用有效的查询方法和对网上信息进行整理３个步聚来完成。１搜索引擎网站选择搜索引擎网站是在互联网上能提供网上信息分类、检索查询的计算机系统,对于不了解所查询信息计算机网址的人来说,用户只要通过互联网登录到这类网站上,便可按搜索引擎网站提供的分类方法找到自己所需的信息目录,然后通过网站…     

北京市高等植物种质资源信息查询系统的构建与特点

生物多样性信息学是生物多样性研究的重要内容,信息平台是生物多样性保护、生态教育和普及有效模式.目前,北京开展了大量的生物多样性资源的调查,但还缺少针对该区域系统而全面的物种资源信息化平台.针对北京地区生物多样性保护和生态教育的需要,基于2007～2009年开展的北京市高等植物种质资源全面系统的调查以及以往的研究数据,以物种多样性编目的数据库为框架,以计算机网络技术为支撑,构建北京市种质资源信息查询网络平台.该平台实现了高等植物种质资源信息的共享,用户可以准确查询到149科,61属,256种及变种的详细文字信息和图片信息,包括植物物种的分类、生态学特征、分布特点、濒危与保护状况、利用与人为干扰等.该平台的研建不仅为北京市植物物种资源的保护规划、外来物种的管理、资源利用等提供了重要信息支持,对科学研究和生态教育等也具有重要意义.     

青海可可西里地区的古生物地层特征及其古地理学意义

位于龙木错－金沙江古特提缝合带,龙木错－玉树段中部的青海可可西里无人区、具有前晚二叠世的深水相放射虫、晚二叠世－侏罗纪的各种特提斯型海生无脊椎动物、白垩－第三纪亚洲型的湖泊河流相软体动物和第四纪的干冷高原型孢粉等化石。它们清楚地记录了可可西里区的裂谷或洋盆－浅海－高原的古地理变迁史。     

抗逆蛋白查询系统的初步建立

运用生物信息学的手段从NCBI获得不同的植物抗逆基因,对基因的名称,功能,该基因的数据来源,及相关文献作整理,初步建立了抗逆蛋白查询系统。此系统与很多生物软件兼容,利用这些软件可方便的在该数据库中进行序列比对、抗逆蛋白同源性的比较、未知蛋白功能预测、绘制分子树等多项功能。     

《中国古生物研究丛书》推介

正由上海科学技术出版社编辑出版的《中国古生物研究丛书》有选择地呈现了中国古生物学家近20年来所取得的一系列震惊世界的科学发现,并涵盖对一些古生物学和演化生物学关键问题的探讨和思考。作者多为各领域优秀的中青年学者,丛书是以他们多年原创性研究积累为主线,综合国内外研究工作的一次阶段性学术总结。旨在积累专门知识,方便学习研讨。     

基于MIP图像拼接系统的大型古生物化石数字化应用研究北大核心CSCD

在大型古生物化石数字化过程中,为了充分展示化石的细节信息,往往需要拍摄大量的图像。为了实现大型古生物化石数字化数据的完整性,需要对这些大量的图像进行精密的图像拼接处理。基于这种应用需求的前提下,本文在自主研发的Mosaic of Image Program(MIP)图像拼接系统的基础上,对高精度的相机检校、畸变检校及改正和拼接缝的保真处理等方面进行研究,形成系统的古生物化石彩色合成影像数字化流程。在宜州化石馆的实际处理中,完成了杨氏锦州龙、蜥脚类恐龙、孔子鸟等大型古生物化石的数字化,几何失真小于0.36mm(畸变矫正精度优于1像元,拼接精度优于2像元,像片分辨率0.12mm)。同时采用基于SIFT的自动辐射归一化处理算法对拼接影像进行辐射均衡处理,矫正拼接影像辐射亮度的不均衡。     

DNA载体的数据分类及查询系统的开发和应用

DNA载体是基因工程中一个重要的工具,从1977年组建了第一个载体到现在,裁体的数量已经达到上百种.为了更好、更充分地利用这些载体为科研人员服务,设计了DNA载体的数据分类及查询系统软件.DNA载体的数据分类及查询系统包括3个模块:数据输入模块、数据查询模块和数据计算模块.首先将载体按照功能的不同进行分类和编号,建立一个较完整的载体数据库.然后利用查询和计算功能,令用户快速地查找到其需要的载体.     

第四届海峡两岸大学生古生物夏令营

第四届海峡两岸大学生古生物夏令营于2008年7月3日--9日在北京举行。     

辽宁古生物博物馆巡礼

辽宁古生物博物馆是经辽宁省人民政府批准,由辽宁省国土资源厅和沈阳师范大学共建的我国迄今规模最大的古生物博物馆。博物馆占地面积19000平方米,建筑面积15000平方米,建筑外形象一个庞大的地质体和一个巨型恐龙巧妙的融合:断层将地质体垂直切割,火山熔岩自上     

生物活性肽自动查询预测系统

论述了运用生物信息学方法和计算机技术,快速从由蛋白酶模拟酶解蛋白质而产生的大量未知生物活性的系列肽中,预测有生物活性的肽,以实现生物活性肽功能的预测。主要建立了生物活性肽数据库,应用已有生物活性肽作为序列比对的标准,实行大量未知生物活性的系列肽自动无人值守的和已知生物活性的肽序列比对查询,以发现新物种中包括动物和植物的具有新的生物活性的功能肽。应用该软件系统AQS成功地预测并发现了造血细胞增殖肽、成骨细胞生长肽以及高血压押制肽。     

A novel computer modeling approach to the structures of small bioactive peptides: The structure of gonadotropin releasing hormone

A novel computer modeling approach suitable for the structure analysis of small bioactive peptides has been developed. This approach involves identification of conformational patterns in protein structure data bank based on the sequence homology with the bioactive peptide. The models built on the basis of this homology and having common conformational patterns are analyzed under the structural constraints derived from the activity data of various synthetic analogs of the peptide. Application of this procedure to the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) resulted in a library of possible structures for GnRH, 9 among which shared a common β-turn. Further analysis of the structures containing the β-turn motif, in the context of the structure–activity data, led to a model for the active conformation of GnRH. The topology of the putative receptor binding site of the hormone is defined by a contiguous surface formed through an appropriate juxtaposition of the N-terminal pGlu¹ the guanidyl group of Arg⁸, aromatic side chain of Trp³, and the Gly¹⁰-NH₂ at the C-terminal end. ©Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Fossil ghost ranges are most common in some of the oldest and some of the youngest strata

Biologists routinely compare inferences about the order of evolutionary branching (phylogeny) with the order in which groups appear in the fossil record (stratigraphy). Where they conflict, ghost ranges are inferred: intervals of geological time where a fossil lineage should exist, but for which there is no direct evidence. The presence of very numerous and/or extensive ghost ranges is often believed to imply spurious phylogenies or a misleadingly patchy fossil record, or both. It has usually been assumed that the frequency of ghost ranges should increase with the age of rocks. Previous studies measuring ghost ranges for whole trees in just a small number of temporal bins have found no significant increase with antiquity. This study uses a much higher resolution approach to investigate the gappiness implied by 1,000 animal and plant cladograms over 77 series and stages of the Phanerozoic. It demonstrates that ghost ranges are indeed relatively common in some of the oldest strata. Surprisingly, however, ghost ranges are also relatively common in some of the youngest, fossil-rich rocks. This pattern results from the interplay between several complex factors and is not a simple function of the completeness of the fossil record. The Early Palaeozoic record is likely to be less organismically and stratigraphically complete, and its fossils -- many of which are invertebrates-may be more difficult to analyse cladistically. The Late Cenozoic is subject to the pull of the Recent, but this accounts only partially for the increased gappiness in the younger strata.     

The original colours of fossil beetles

Structural colours, the most intense, reflective and pure colours in nature, are generated when light is scattered by complex nanostructures. Metallic structural colours are widespread among modern insects and can be preserved in their fossil counterparts, but it is unclear whether the colours have been altered during fossilization, and whether the absence of colours is always real. To resolve these issues, we investigated fossil beetles from five Cenozoic biotas. Metallic colours in these specimens are generated by an epicuticular multi-layer reflector; the fidelity of its preservation correlates with that of other key cuticular ultrastructures. Where these other ultrastructures are well preserved in non-metallic fossil specimens, we can infer that the original cuticle lacked a multi-layer reflector; its absence in the fossil is not a preservational artefact. Reconstructions of the original colours of the fossils based on the structure of the multi-layer reflector show that the preserved colours are offset systematically to longer wavelengths; this probably reflects alteration of the refractive index of the epicuticle during fossilization. These findings will allow the former presence, and original hue, of metallic structural colours to be identified in diverse fossil insects, thus providing critical evidence of the evolution of structural colour in this group.     

一种新的生态监测数据质量评估方法——以CERN乔木生长数据为例

将数据可靠性作为有序变量进行分级,在理论上使数据可靠性与主要生态过程、次级生态过程、外部过程等数据源建立关联,构建了一种生态监测数据质量评估方法,提供了一个新的数据质量指数.它通过观察记录的合格率来估计数据集的质量,其检测结果包括了每一条数据的可靠性级别、标记为离群或错误数据的原因,以及完整数据集的质量指数值.将该方法应用于CERN的两个乔木生长数据集,发现该数据质量指数可以定量评估乔木生长数据集的质量.该方法为相关软件的开发提供了基础.     

“Omnidia”: software for taxonomy,calculation of diatom indices and inventories management

Software for calculation of 6 diatom indices and diversity indices has been created for both Macintosh and IBM compatible computers. This software runs with the data base Omnis 5 under Windows 3.0. It includes three taxonomic files: families, genera and species, and an inventories file. Four types of data inputs are possible. It is always possible to operate simulations and to carry out investigations with simple or combined characters. All files and results of investigations can be listed in different ways. This data base is compatible with both word processing and spreadsheet systems.     

How complete can cervical screening be? The outcome of a call screening programme for women aged 20–60 years in Perth and Kinross

In this paper a computer system for cervical screening call and recall based on the Community Health Index (CHI) population data-base is described. It allows the unscreened population to be identified and located on an individual general practice basis. The results of the call programme on 9517 women aged 20-60 years listed on the CHI and with no record of a cervical smear is described. There was a 24% smear uptake in the call programme which meant that after the call programme the total population cover had risen from 71% to 78%. In addition, if women with a valid reason are excluded, and the data-base corrected for women no longer in the area, the true cover rises to 88%. An analysis of the percentage cover in each GP practice is described with the implications for implementation of screening targets for primary care.