中国齿甲属两新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,齿甲族)

记述了中国齿甲属UlomaDejean2新种,即扁平齿甲U.compressa sp.nov.和方胸齿甲U.quadratithoraca sp.nov.。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。1 扁平齿甲,新种Uloma compressa sp.nov.(图1 ~8 , 17)新种与眼脊齿甲U.nanshanchica Masumoto et Nisiiikawa,1986相似,主要区别:眼内侧无横脊;触角较长,达到前胸背板基部1/2处;前胸腹板中间有少许短毛;鞘翅行间扁平;后足第1跗节明显长于末节。正模♂,云南景东景屏利月(1 630m) , 2001-11-16 ,童正强采。副模1 ♂,张家界, 1986-07 ,采集者不详。词源:种名由拉丁词compressus(扁压的,直的)变化词尾而来,意指该虫身体扁平。2 方胸齿甲,新种Uloma quadratithoraca sp.nov.(图9 ~16 , 18)新种与贡山齿甲U.gongshanicaRenetLiu, 2004相似,主要区别:体中等大小,红棕色;触角末节很长,卵形,端部尖;下颚须末节细长,近刀状;前胸背板方形;前胸腹板突末端缓慢下降。正模♂,湖南省溆浦县大江口, 1962-04 ,邓爱国采。词源:种名由拉丁语词quadratus(成方形的) 拉丁语词thorac(胸部)组合并变化词尾而成,意指该虫的前胸背板为方形。     

阿拉善齿足甲属一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,小黑甲族)(英文)

记述了采自中国内蒙古阿拉善高原的齿足甲属CheirodesGené1新种:梯胸齿足甲Cheirodes(Pseuduademia)scalarithoracus sp.nov.,给出了详细的鉴别特征、中英文描述及形态特征图,简要记述了该种的采集环境和生物学特性。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。梯胸齿足甲,新种Cheirodes(Pseuduademia)scalarithoracus sp.nov.(图2～13)体长卵形,略有光泽;背面黑色,上唇、体下、足、触角及口须栗褐色。上唇狭小,前缘略弯并具毛,两侧有长毛,背面后半部有短毛。唇基前缘4道湾并向上翘起;前颊在眼前方最宽;后颊显缩,眼后方有毛束;盘区密布近于粗糙的稠密浅刻点;复眼被前颊深切。触角10节,向后伸达前胸背板前缘,球状部扩展明显。前胸背板近于梯形,宽大于长2倍,向上均匀但明显地隆起;盘区刻点疏大浅圆形,向侧区过渡为稠密;前缘2湾并有完整饰边,中间有缘毛;侧缘于中部之前最宽,饰边完整,仅前面有长缘毛;基部宽弯,中间稍弯,具饰边,仅两侧有缘毛;前角宽圆,后角直。鞘翅长大于宽1.5倍,两侧平行,仅基部有缘毛;盘上刻点行不清晰,行间有不规则横皱纹和稀疏圆刻点。前胫节内缘弱弯,端部有缘毛;前缘显宽于跗节之长,中齿以下有数枚弱齿;中胫节仅有数枚波齿,端齿宽大;后胫节中齿突出,其附近有数枚波齿,端齿扁粗并裂缘,其长度较跗节短,外侧中间有若干长毛。体长5～6mm;宽2～3mm。正模♂,内蒙古阿拉善旗巴音诺日公,2010-08-05,任国栋采。副模:9♂♂,8♀♀,记录同正模。副模:1♂,5♀♀,内蒙古阿拉善左旗乌力吉,2010-08-04,任国栋、于有志、贾龙采。词源:新种以拉丁词"scalari(梯形的)+thoracus(胸部)"命名,表示该种前胸背板呈梯形。新种与郑氏齿足甲Cheirodes(Pseuduademia)zhengi(Renet Yu,1994)的主要区别是:前者的前胸背板近梯形,侧缘无波齿,整个盘区布十分稠密的粗刻点,而后者的前胸背板近方形,侧缘有波齿,盘区中央的刻点稀疏;前者仅前胸端部和鞘翅基部有侧缘毛,而后者几乎全有侧缘毛;前者的中、后足胫节中齿不明显,而后者则明显。分布:中国(内蒙古阿拉善)。     

中国直扁足甲属分类及一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

对中国直扁足甲属Blindus Mulsantet Rey,1853进行了分类总结,分别给出世界已知8种及亚种的♂和♀成虫检索表,描述1新种:弯胫直扁足甲B.curvotibius sp.nov.。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。弯胫直扁足甲,新种Blindu curvotibius sp.nov.(图2～9,52)新种近似于Blindus reichardti Medvedev,1968,两者的显著区别是:1)前者的额有1人字凹;而后者无;2)前者前胸背板的刻点行深,行间十分隆起;而后者的刻点行浅,行间隆起不明显;3)前者的前胸背板基部仅两端有饰边;而后者整个基部有完整饰边;4)前者的后足胫节明显弯曲;而后者后足胫节均匀弯曲,整体弯曲不强烈。正模♂,河南鸡公山,2004-08-05,海拔250～700m,王凤艳采。副模2♀♀,记录数据同正模。词源:种名根据后足胫节弯曲而提订。     

中国栉甲属四新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,朽木甲亚科)

描述中国朽木甲亚科栉甲属Cteniopinus 4新种：宽胸栉甲Cteniopinus brevithoracus sp．nov．,黑头栉甲C．ni-grocapitis sp．nov．,黑腹栉甲C．nigroventrus sp．nov．和红足栉甲C．rubipes sp．nov．。模式标本均保存在河北大学博物馆。宽胸栉甲,新种Cteniopinus brevithorucus sp．nov．(图1～8,33)。正模♂,云南高黎贡山,2000—06—27,梁宏斌采。副模1♂,记录同正模。新种与分布朝鲜的黑角栉甲C．nigritarhsis Borchrnann,1930在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者腿节和触角基部3节黄色,前胸背板宽明显大于长,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘1．3倍。后者则整个腿节和触角黑色,前胸背板长宽近相等,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘2．2倍。词源：种名意指前胸背板较宽。黑头栉甲,新种Cteniopinus nigroeapitis sp.nov．(图9～16,34)。正模♂,云南高黎贡山,2000—06—27,梁宏斌采。新种与分布中国甘肃和四川的波氏栉甲C.potanini Heyd,1889在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者体长不超过9mm,前胸背板宽大于长,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘1．4倍,身体腹面黄色至浅褐色。后者体长超过11mm,前胸背板长宽近相等。下颚须端节上缘长于下缘2．6倍。身体腹面黑色。词源：种名意指头为黑色。黑腹栉甲,新种Cteniopinus nigroventrus sp．nov．(图17～24,35)。正模♂,重庆江津,2001—05—21,王海建采。副模1♂,2♀♀,记录同正模。新种与分布日本和中国华东的普氏栉甲C.hypocrita(Marseul,1876)在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者下颚须黑色;前胸背板侧缘前端无饰边;足基节和腹部黑色,下颚须柄节黄色,梗节褐色,第3节深褐色。后者前胸背板侧缘具完整饰边。足基节黄色。词源：种名意指腹部暗黑色。红足栉甲,新种Cteniopinus rubipes sp.nov．(图25～32,36)。正模♂,四川康定玉君山(3000m),1999—08—06,任国栋采。副模2♂♂,10♀♀,记录同正模。新种与分布中国云南的红色栉甲C．ruber Pic,1923在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者体长不足12mm;头和足红色,小盾片和腹部黄色。后者体长13mm以上;头和足、小盾片和腹部均黑色。词源：种名意指足为红色。     

中国窄褐甲属一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

记述窄褐甲属Catomus Allard 1新种(中国:四川),断边窄褐甲Catomus(Sinocatomus)interruptus sp.nov.。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。断边窄褐甲,新种Catomus(Sinocatomus)interruptus sp.nov.(图1～9)新种与Catomus(Sinocatomus)solitarius Nabozhenko近似,与后者的区别在于:该种前颊弱隆,其外缘明显达不到复眼外缘;前胸背板长稍大于宽,中部最宽,侧缘向后不明显收缩,其饰边于前1/3处中断,后缘饰边中央中断。词源:来自拉丁词"interrupt",意指前胸背板侧缘饰边于前1/3处间断。生境:采自较湿润灌木草原山坡石块下。正模♀,四川松潘镇江关,2008-07-20,2960m,任国栋采;副模1♀,记录同正模。     

云南蝗虫一新属新种：直翅目：斑腿蝗科

本文记述采自云南省瑞丽地区蝗虫新属龙川蝗属Longchuanacris gen.nov.及新种巨尾片龙川蝗 L.macrofurculus sp.nov.该新属近似于 Pseudogerunda Bey-Bienko.主要区别为前胸背板侧片后缘极凹入;前翅到达第一腹节背板的后缘;后足股节下膝侧片顶刺状:后足附节第3节长度为第1、2节长度之和;雄性腹部末节背板具尾片。     

藏东南莱甲属一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,伪叶甲亚科)(英文)

记述中国西藏莱甲属LaenaDejean1新种Laenazhengisp nov.,提供了整体和阳茎的照片以及足、触角和肛节的线条图,模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。郑氏莱甲,新种Laena zhengisp.nov.(图1～9)新种与Laena hingstoniSchuster,1926(模式产地:西藏与锡金接壤的Jelap La)在外型上相似,两者的共同点是前胸背板基缘都有饰边,前胸背板盘区和鞘翅行间都有直立长毛,但前胸背板的形状不同;前者的中后足胫节端部内侧有细钩,后足胫节中部内侧有小刺,而后者没有这样的特征。正模♂,西藏墨脱县汗密,海拔2200m,2005-08-19,唐亮采。(原采集标签记录是:Hanmi Moto Coun.XizangA.R.alt.2200m,19-08-2005,TANG Liang leg.)。副模1♀,纪录同正模。词源学:新种种名以昆虫学家郑哲民教授的姓氏命名。     

中国广东省扁角蚱属一新种(直翅目,蚱总科,扁角蚱科)(英文)

记述扁角蚱属9种,包括采自广东省南岭地区1新种,即黑胫扁角蚱Flatocerus nigritibialis sp.nov.,附有分种检索表,新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。黑胫扁角蚱,新种Flatocerus nigritibialis sp.nov.(图1~3)新种近似于武夷山扁角蚱Flatocerus wuyishanensis Zheng,1991,主要区别为:1)头顶宽为1眼宽的1.25倍;2)前胸背板后突到达后足股节顶端;3)雌性下生殖板后缘中央钝角形突出;4)后足股节下侧外面黑色;5)后足胫节黑色。新种也近似于赤水扁角蚱Flatocerus chichuiensis Zhenget Shi,2006,主要区别为:1)沟前区缺侧隆线;2)后翅到达后足股节顶端;3)雌性下生殖板后缘中央钝角形突出。正模♀,副模1♀,广东省乳源(南岭国家森林公园),海拔800m,2010-08-24,白义采。词源:新种种名以拉丁词nigr黑及tibia胫节为名。     

中国台湾秃蝗亚科一新属四新种(直翅目，斑腿蝗科)(英文)

记述了采自中国台湾斑腿蝗科秃蝗亚科1新属台秃蝗属Taipoodisma gen. nov. 和4新种：红股台秃蝗Taipodisma rufifemora sp. nov., 谢氏台秃蝗Taipodisma hsiehi sp. nov., 周氏台秃蝗Taipodisma chowi sp. nov., 黑胫台秃蝗Taipodisma nigritibia sp. nov.。新属台秃蝗属Taipoodisma gen. nov.同蹦蝗属Sinopodisma Chang, 1940近似,不同之处为前胸背板后缘中央缺凹口,中隆线在沟前区不显,在沟后区留有痕迹。新属同辽秃蝗属Liaopodisma Zheng, 1990也近似,不同之处为雄性后胸腹板两侧叶分开,不毗连。新种红股台秃蝗T. rufifemora sp. nov. 后足股节内侧和下方红色可与同属其他种相区别。新种谢氏台秃蝗T. hsiehi sp. nov. 缺黑色眼后带可与同属其他种相区别。新种周氏台秃蝗T. chowi sp. nov. 同红股台秃蝗T. rufifemora sp. nov.近似,不同之处为后足股节内侧和下方非红色。新种黑胫台秃蝗T. nigritibia sp. nov. 同周氏台秃蝗T. chowi sp. nov.近似,不同之处为前胸背板沿中隆线缺黑色纵带和前翅黄褐色,缺黑色带纹。列出了该属的种检索表。     

云南省突眼蚱属一新种（直翅目：蚱科）

记述采自云南省突眼蚱属 1 新种,即龙陵突眼蚱 Ergatettix longlingensis sp. nov.。该新种近似于拟齿股突眼蚱。主要区别为:1)触角着生于复眼下缘之下;2)前胸背板沟前区侧隆线略收缩;3)前胸背板后突到达后足股节顶端;4)后翅到达后突顶端;5)后足股节上侧中隆线具二叶状突;6)后足股节下侧外面非黑色;7)后足胫节暗褐色。文中附有中国突眼蚱属分种检索表。模式标本现保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.