mel基因在苏云金芽孢杆菌中的转移和表达

苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringhensis)是研究较深入、使用较广泛的杀虫细菌,野外使用易受阳光中紫外线的影响而失活。黑色素具有很强的抗辐射作用。将构建的含有嗜麦芽假单胞菌mel基因的质粒pWSY通过原生质体转化导入苏云金芽孢杆菌体内,使后获得了稳定产生黑色素的能力。并在转化子细胞内检测到与供体菌相同的质粒。SDS-PAGE显示该转化子体内额外表达了一分子量约为18kD的蛋白,该蛋白很可能就是转化子表达的酪氨酸酶。经测定,转化子抗辐射作用明显增强,有效杀虫时间显延长。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫蛋白基因克隆及油菜叶绿体遗传转化研究

向细胞核导入外源基因的核转化技术是植物基因工程的主要方法。然而,外源基因表达效率低,表达不稳定,基因易失活和因随机插入而造成的位置效应等是该方法不足之处。而且,由于外源基因可随花粉扩散,细胞核转化体的生物安全性问题已在全球范围内引起世人的关注和担忧。将外源基因导入叶绿体基因组有望克服细胞核转化中存在的某些弊端。油菜作为世界上重要的油料作物,其叶绿体遗传转化研究还未见报道。本研究从苏云金芽孢杆菌克隆得到野生型杀虫晶体蛋白基因,构建了用于油菜叶绿体定点转化的植物表达载体,并用基因枪法将杀虫蛋白基因导入油菜,…     

苏云金芽孢杆菌CrylAb13基因的克隆及表达研究

BtC005是我国自行分离的对多种害虫具有毒杀作用的苏云金芽孢杆菌。经PCR-RFLP系统鉴定,它含有crylAb基因。Southern blot结果显示;PstI酶切C005质粒所得的8.5kb长的DNA片段为crylAb基因的阳性杂交带。以pUCP19为载体,克隆了该片段并证明其含有crylAb基因,对其进行亚克隆和测序,结果表明该基因编码区为3468bp,其编码的蛋白含1155个氨基酸,分子量为130.6kD,等电点为pH4.845。该基因已在GenBank基因库中注册,Accession number为AF254640,并为国际Bt杀虫晶体蛋白基因命名委员会正式命名为crylAb13。将crylAb13基因在Bt无晶体突变株cryB^-中表达,蛋白质电泳结果表明在130kD处有表达带,并证明GryAb对小菜蛾有较高的杀虫活性。     

转Bt基因抗虫棉(Gossyposium)伤流中Bt毒蛋白的运输

本文以常规棉品种‘石远321'和抗虫棉品种‘SGK321'与‘99B'为材料,通过考马斯亮蓝和ELISA方法分析了伤流中可溶性蛋白和Bt(苏云金芽孢杆菌)毒蛋白含量.结果发现,转基因抗虫棉伤流中可溶性蛋白含量显著高于常规棉,并在抗虫棉伤流中检测到了Bt毒蛋白,而常规棉伤流中没有Bt毒蛋白的存在.通过嫁接实验研究发现,将常规棉嫁接到转Bt基因抗虫棉砧木上,叶片中也有Bt毒蛋白的积累.这些结果说明,Bt毒蛋白可以通过木质部伤流液向地上部运输,并在叶片中积累,Bt毒蛋白由根系向地上部的运输对棉花的抗虫性是有益的.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种130kDa杀蚊蛋白基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达

本文将苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.israelensis)130kDa杀蚊蛋白基因亚克隆到pNQ1 22载体上,通过枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)原生质体转化,得到Kmt Cm2的正反向克隆子(pFZl和pFZ2)。 Western—blotting免疫杂交证明130kDa杀蚊蛋白基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中表达了具有免疫活性的130kDa杀蚊蛋白。 所表达的杀蚊蛋白在实验中具有杀蚊活性。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌cryIA（c）Bt基因的合成及其在大肠杆菌中稳定表达

选用荧光假单孢菌偏爱密码,设计长90bp左右的寡核苷酸引物,采用连续延伸PCR方法,合成了全长1.8kb的苏云金芽孢杆菌cryIA(c)Bt基因。合成基因消除了潜在的polyA加尾序列、mRNA不稳定序列以及发夹结构。和Perlak发表的序列相比,合成的cryIA(c)Bt基因改动了614个核苷酸,G＋C的含量从37.2％上升到64％。将合成基因由tac启动子调控,构建成Bt表达载体pYPBts。转化大肠杆菌后,在菌体内大量合成66kD大小的蛋白质分子,其含量占菌体总蛋白质的30％。生物测定结果表明,表达的蛋白质对菜青虫三龄幼虫有很高的杀灭活性,LD50为0.024μg/cm^2。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白超量表达的机制

杀虫晶体蛋白是苏云金芽孢杆菌主要杀虫成分,进一步提高杀虫晶体蛋白的表达量是苏云金芽杆菌高效工程菌构建的主要途径。本文讨论了ｃｒｙ基因启动子活性、ｍＲＮＡ稳定性、不同ｃｒｙ基因间的协同表达发及伴了孢晶体的形成等几个方面在转录水平或转录后水平上对杀虫晶体蛋白表达的影响。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种cyt1 Aa基因在球形芽孢杆菌中表达

将编码cyt1Aa基因和 p2 0蛋白基因的DNA片段分别克隆连接于两个不同的穿梭载体 pBU 4和pMK 3上 ,构建了重组质粒 pBA 30和 pMA 6,通过电击法 ,将重组质粒分别转化 B .s野生株2 2 97,获得了转化菌株Bs 97 30和Bs 97 6。SDS PAGE和Westernblot分析证实了cyt1Aa基因在转化菌株Bs 97 30中获得了表达 ,而在转化菌株Bs 97 6中未检测到cyt1Aa基因表达的蛋白。转化菌株Bs 97 30中 ,cyt1Aa基因与B .s二元毒素基因同步于菌体生长的对数期起始表达 ,并持续至芽孢形成。生测结果表明 ,转化菌株Bs 97 30中cyt1Aa基因的表达并未明显增强其对敏感和抗性致倦库蚊幼虫的毒力。其原因可能是弱毒性的 cyt1Aa蛋白在转化菌株中的表达量不高。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌cry基因研究进展

从cry基因的分类、cry基因与转座因子的关系、cry基因的表达调控以及cry基因的作用机理等 4个方面综述了cry基因的研究进展 ,并简要展望了其研究和应用前景。     

球形芽孢杆菌C3—41二元毒素基因在苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种中的？…

球形芽孢杆菌Ｃ３－４１是我国分离的一株对蚊幼虫有毒杀作用的高毒力菌株,对库蚊、按蚊幼虫的毒性高于２３６２菌株,Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证明Ｃ３－４１总ＤＮＡ中３．５ＫｂＨｉｎｄＩＩＩ片段上带有４１．９和５１．４ｋＤ二元毒素基因。     

Bt基因甜菜叶绿体转化载体构建及毒蛋白表达

利用植物叶绿体基因组在进化中高度保守的特点,根据烟草、菠菜、水稻叶绿体基因组全序列资料设计合成引物,PCR扩增并克隆了甜菜叶绿体两个重要功能基因rbcL和atpB(GenBank登录号分别为DQ067450和DQ067451),并以其作为定点整合外源基因的同源重组片段,构建了Bt基因CryIAc甜菜叶绿体定点转化载体pSKARBt,酶切鉴定表明:所构建载体符合预期设计。对克隆菌菌体总蛋白进行了生物杀虫试验,结果表明:Bt基因CryIAc能够在叶绿体特异性启动子及终止子的调控下表达,并对二龄末甘蓝夜蛾有很强的毒杀作用。该载体构建对培育甜菜高抗虫品种具有重要应用价值。叶绿体转化及后续工作正在进行中。     

转基因烟草中Bt毒蛋白基因的表达行为

Bt toxin genes were the insecticidal genes most widely used in genetic engineering of pest resistant plant, were of important significance to study their expression behavior in transgenic plants. In this work, a plant expression vector, pBinMoBc, was constructed. It contained the Cry IA(c) gene under control of chimeric OM promoter and the Ω factor. The vector was transferred into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plant via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. ELISA assay showed that the expression levels of the Cry IA(c) gene in transgenic tobacco plants were significantly higher than that in wild-type tobacco plants. The highest could be up to 0.255% of total soluble proteins; the expression level of CryIA(c) gene in transgenic tobacco plant was changeable during the development stages of tobacco plant. Bioassay showed that pBinMoBc transgenic tobacco plants had more notable insecticidal activity than the wild-type tobacco plants. The above results indicated that pBinMoBc was an effective pest-resistent plant expression vector. This study would be very helpful in screening transgenic cotton with high resistance to cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigeva Hubner).     

转基因烟草中Bt毒蛋白基因的表达行为

构建了高效植物表达载体ｐＢｉｎＭｏＢｃ,该载体携带超强表达复合启动子ＯＭ及Ω因子控制下的ＣｒｙＩＡ（ｃ）基因。采用根癌土壤杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｕｍ ｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ（Ｓｍｉｔｈ ｅｔ Ｔｏｗｎｓｅｎｄ）Ｃｏｎｎ）介导的方法转化烟草（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｔａｂａｃｕｍ Ｌ．）,ＥＬＩＳＡ检测表明,大多数转基因烟草中ＣｒｙＩＡ（ｃ）基因表达量均超过０．１％,最高可达０．２５５％;转基因烟草     

Recombination and Heterologous Expression of Aliophycocyanin Gene in the Chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Heterogeneous expression of multiple genes in the nucleus of transgenic plants requires theintroduction of an individual gene and the subsequent backcross to reconstitute multi-subunit proteins ormetabolic pathways.In order to accomplish the expression of multiple genes in a single transformationevent,we inserted both large and small subunits of allophycocyanin gene (apcA and apcB) into Chlamydomonasreinhardtii chloroplast expression vector,resulting in papc-S.The constructed vector was then introducedinto the chloroplast of C.reinhardtii by micro-particle bombardment.Polymerase chain reaction and Southernblot analysis revealed that the two genes had integrated into the chloroplast genome.Western blot andenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the two genes from the prokaryotic cyanobacteria couldbe correctly expressed in the chloroplasts of C.reinhardtii.The expressed foreign protein in transformantsaccounted for about 2%-3% of total soluble proteins.These findings pave the way to the reconstitution ofmulti-subunit proteins or metabolic pathways in transgenic C.reinhardtii chloroplasts in a single transformationevent.     

定点整合抗虫基因到油菜叶绿体基因组并获得转基因植株

以基因枪法进行了油菜叶绿体基因组的定点转化,载体pNRAB携带抗壮观霉素的筛选标记基因aadA和抗虫基因cry1Aα10,基因的两侧被添加了可用于同源重组的叶绿体DNA序列,基因枪轰击过的油菜子叶柄经植株再生和壮观霉素筛选,获得了36株抗性植株,PCR检测和Southern杂交显示,其中4株的叶绿体基因组已被转化,外源基因已被定点整合进叶绿体基因组的rps7和ndhB基因之间。用转基因植株的叶片饲喂二龄小菜蛾,1周后幼虫死亡率达33%-47%,存活幼虫的生长明显减慢,转基因油菜的叶片受害较轻。     

甘薯叶绿体表达载体构建及其融合基因在叶绿体中的瞬间表达

利用叶绿体基因组进化中高度保守的特点,根据烟草叶绿体基因组全序列设计引物,从甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)叶绿体基因组中克隆了2个相邻的功能基因rbcL(GenBank登录号为AY942199)和accD(GenBank登录号为AY942200),并以此作为定点整合外源基因的同源重组片段.以来自叶绿体基因组的强启动子Prrn和RpsbA-pro分别驱动选择标记基因aadA及phaC-gfp融合基因,构建成表达盒prrn-aadA-TpsbA-ter与RpsbA-pro-phaC-gfp-RpsbA-ter,然后将这2个表达盒串联在一起克隆进甘薯叶绿体同源片段中,获得甘薯叶绿体定点整合表达载体pSC-GFP.酶切分析证明,所构建的载体符合预期设计;采用该载体对甘薯叶片进行基因枪转化,结果显示,phaC-gfp融合基因可在叶绿体特异启动子和终止子的调控下在甘薯幼嫩叶片中瞬间表达,证明构建的载体pSC-GFP可用于甘薯叶绿体转化.     

Studies on Insect Resistance of Bt Transplastomic Plants and the Phenotype of Their Progenies

Insecticidal protein gene CrylA (c) from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt toxin gene) was placed under the control of psbA5'- and 3'- regulatory regions of rice (Oryza sativa L. ) chloroplast to construct Bt expression cassette, which was ligated with selectable marker aadA cassette and homology regions of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L. ) chloroplast genome to generate transformation vector pTRS8. Leaves of tobacco plant cv. NC89 were transformed with particle bombardment method, plastid transformants were selected by their resistance to 500 mg/L of spectinomycin. Some transplastomic plants were toxic to the third-instar larvae of Helicoverpa zea, and the growth of the survived insects was remarkably inhibited. Genetic and molecular analyses of T1 and T2 progenies of plants with highly efficient insect resistance showed that Bt toxin gene had been inherited in progenies, and spectinomycin resistance was inherited maternally.     

外源基因在叶绿体中表达的研究

综述了叶绿体表达系统的特点,及国内外此方面的研究动态,提出了外源基因在叶绿体中表达存在的问题和解决策略.     

苏云金杆菌WG-001工程菌发酵培养基的筛选

探讨了BtWG001工程菌以农副产品为主要碳、氮源的利用情况,为该菌株发酵培养基的筛选提供了广谱的原料资源。利用高速上升浓度加倍法进行了发酵培养基的优选,获得一个优良配方。发酵水平达到4024IU/μL,0.39%,与对照配方(2800IU/μL,0.26%)相比,分别提高44%,50%。证明该方法为一种筛选Bt发酵培养基配方的新模型。     

双价抗虫基因叶绿体共转化植株抗虫性及其后代表型分析

利用基因枪法将含有水稻巯基蛋白酶抑制剂(Oryzacystatin,OC)基因烟草叶绿体表达载体和含有苏云金芽孢杆菌晶体毒蛋白基因(Bt cry IAc)烟草叶绿体表达载体,共转化烟草叶绿体,获得壮观霉素抗性植株。转基因植株抗棉铃虫试验表明,转双价抗虫基因植株比转单一抗虫基因植株具有更强的杀虫活性。转基因植株后代Southern检测及其遗传学分析试验证明,双价抗虫基因可以稳定地遗传给后代,且表现为叶绿体特有的母系遗传规律。 Abstract:The Bt gene and OC gene were cotransformed to tobacco chloroplast with particle bombardment method and spectinomycin resistance tobacco seedlings were obtained.Bioassays showed that the transgenic tobacco containing both genes had enhanced toxicity to the larvae of cotton bollworm (helicoverpa zea) by comparison with the plants containing only Bt or OC gene.Southern-blotting analysis and genetic analysis of progenies showed that the Bt and OC gene expressed and was inherited maternally to the progenies.