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Gindin G Samish M Zangi G Mishoutchenko A Glazer I 《Experimental & applied acarology》2002,28(1-4):283-288
Boophilus annulatus, Hyalomma excavatum and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were shown to be susceptible to different entomopathogenic fungi under laboratory conditions. Comparative results of
bioassays using five different fungal species showed that some strains of Metarhizium anisopliae are highly pathogenic against various tick stages tested. In contrast to their activity against insects, fungi also affected
tick eggs. All tested tick stages including those feeding on a host were found to be susceptible to these fungi, except for
adult H. excavatum ticks, which were relatively resistant.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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黄花夹竹桃内生真菌抗病原细菌的初步研究 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:16
从植物黄花夹竹桃 (Thevetiaperuviana)的根、茎、叶、果实中分离出内生真菌 10 1株。以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 (Salmonellatyphimurium)、肺炎链球菌 (Streptococcuspneumoniae)、乙型溶血链球菌 (Streptococcushemolyticus)、金黄色葡萄球菌 (Staphyllococcusaureus) 4种人类病原菌为指示菌 ,对其进行抑菌活性筛选 ,结果有 17株内生真菌对 1株或 1株以上人类病原菌有抑菌活性 ,其中平板抑菌圈直径大于 2 0mm的菌株有9株。具有抗菌活性的内生真菌分别来自木霉属 (Trichoderma)、曲霉属 (Aspergillus)等 9个属。 相似文献
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杜仲内生真菌的抑菌活性筛选 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
以金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌为测试菌种。对杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.)根、茎、叶中分离出的20株内生真菌及其次生代谢物进行抗菌活性筛选。结果表明:有15个菌株至少对1种实验细菌具有抑菌活性,19株的代谢产物至少对1种实验细菌具有抑菌活性,其中有3株内生真菌及其次生代谢产物对测试病原细菌均有较强抑制作用。 相似文献
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红树植物内生真菌的分离鉴定及抗菌活性菌株的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对厦门集美红树植物无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala),海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum)和秋茄(Kan-delia candel)的多个部位进行内生真菌的分离和形态鉴定,并采用菌饼法对分离到的内生真菌进行抗菌活性筛选。结果显示,从3种红树植物的根、茎、叶中分离得到25株内生真菌,分别隶属8个类群,以链格孢属和曲霉属为主,分别占菌株总数的28.0%和24.0%;有19株菌株对至少一种指示菌有抑制作用,占菌株总数的76.0%。研究结果表明,红树植物来源的内生真菌数量多,种属丰富,同时具有良好的抗菌活性,是研究抗菌活性化合物的重要资源。 相似文献
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Cordyceps unilateralis is a fastidious fungal pathogen affecting ants. Up to now, only the complex and expensive Grace’s insect cell culture medium
has been used for in vitro cultivation (as blastospores and mycelium) of this fungus. To obtain an inexpensive and less complicated medium, the effects
of carbon and nitrogen sources, salt solution and carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio on the growth of this fungus were examined.
Glucose was the most important factor for blastospore formation, and yeast extract could be used as a nitrogen source for
blastospore formation and mycelial growth. A suitable C:N ratio (glucose: yeast extract) was 33.3:1. As a result, a new semi-defined
medium was achieved, composed of 26.68 g L−1 glucose, 3.3 g L−1 yeast extract and salt solution. This medium supported blastospore formation and mycelial growth of all tested C. unilateralis isolates. 相似文献
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虫生真菌分子致病机理及基因工程改造研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
虫生真菌侵染寄主昆虫的复杂过程可分为体表附着、体壁穿透及体内定殖和致死等不同阶段.近年来,以金龟子绿僵茵(Metarhizium anisopliae)和球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)为代表的基因功能研究取得了长足的进展,从不同角度阐明了虫生真菌的分子致病机理;同时,基因工程技术的应用为昆虫病原真菌的遗传改良和选育高毒力杀虫菌株开辟了新的途径.对近年来昆虫病原真菌侵染寄主的分子对策及基因工程改造的研究进展进行了综述,并就进一步研究虫生真菌的毒力基因及功能进行了探讨. 相似文献
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虫生真菌分子致病机理及基因工程改造研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
虫生真菌侵染寄主昆虫的复杂过程可分为体表附着、体壁穿透及体内定殖和致死等不同阶段。近年来, 以金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)和球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)为代表的基因功能研究取得了长足的进展, 从不同角度阐明了虫生真菌的分子致病机理; 同时, 基因工程技术的应用为昆虫病原真菌的遗传改良和选育高毒力杀虫菌株开辟了新的途径。对近年来昆虫病原真菌侵染寄主的分子对策及基因工程改造的研究进展进行了综述, 并就进一步研究虫生真菌的毒力基因及功能进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Sebastian Alberto Pelizza Lorena A. Elíades Ana Clara Scorsetti Marta Noemi Cabello Carlos E. Lange 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2012,22(10):1119-1129
The South American locust Schistocerca cancellata (Serville) was the most serious agricultural pest in Argentina during the first half of the last century and remains as a threat when preventive control measures are relaxed in the outbreak area. In this study, we analysed in the laboratory, the effectiveness of 26 fungal strains (isolated from both insects and soil collected in Argentina) for S. cancellata control and determined the relationship between the chitinase, protease and lipase levels in these fungi and their insecticidal activities. We observed that Beauveria bassiana (isolate LPSC 1067) caused the highest mortality (90±1.03%), the highest values of chitinolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic activity were 6.13±0.05, 2.56±0.11 and 2.33±0.47, respectively, and the lowest median lethal time was 5.96 days. This is the first time that a wide variability in chitinase, protease and lipase activity as well as in virulence has been reported in a representative sample of different entomopathogenic fungal strains from Argentina. 相似文献
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基因工程改良在昆虫病原真菌中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
昆虫病原真菌是自然界控制害虫种群的主要生物因子,其研究开发越来越受到重视。但由于存在致死速度慢、防效不稳定、对环境条件要求高等缺点,限制了昆虫病原真菌的应用。近年来,通过基因工程技术对昆虫病原真菌进行遗传改造,提高菌株的致病性和毒力,创造高效、稳定的工程菌株取得了较大进展。对昆虫病原真菌选择标记、遗传转化方法、基因工程改良及应用等方面最新研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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目的:筛选出高产紫杉醇的内生菌株,为发酵生产紫杉醇提供菌种。方法:从不同来源的红豆杉根、茎、叶中分别分离内生真菌,并对其进行发酵,用HPLC法对菌丝体和发酵液中的紫杉醇含量进行检测,获得高产菌株。结果:获得54株产紫杉醇的内生真菌,其中根、茎、叶分别为29株、16株、9株。根、茎、叶三部位产紫杉醇菌株的平均产量分别为248.57μg/L、149.09μg/L、104.94μg/L;其中一株产量高达622.75μg/L。结论:从野生红豆杉的根部分离内生真菌效果较好,并获得了一株高产菌株。 相似文献
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灰色变异链霉菌2507抑菌活性成分的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以枯草芽孢杆菌为指示生物进行活性跟踪,通过对灰色变异链霉菌2507发酵液的初步分离纯化,得到两个化合物,由波谱数据解析鉴定其结构分别为香草酸和丁香酸。这两个化合物为首次从这种微生物代谢产物中分离得到。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi isolated from pine caterpillars, as biological control agents were evaluated against the 5th instar larvae of silkworms, bombyx mori . The body weights of silkworm larvae were reduced by entomopathogenic fungi. Virulence of the spores isolated from the insects was more stronger than that of the spores isolated from media. LD50 value of the pathogen was 6,464x103 spores/ml. Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria , isolated from dead pine caterpillars was possible agents for use in microbiological control. 相似文献
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以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌F为测试菌种,对从骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala L.)叶中分离出的14株内生真菌及其次生代谢产物进行了抗菌活性筛选。结果表明:8个菌株及10个菌株的代谢产物均至少对1种试验细菌具有抑菌活性,其中1株内生真菌及其次生代谢产物对测试病原细菌具有较强的抑菌作用。 相似文献
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L. V. Boichenko D. M. Boichenko N. G. Vinokurova T. A. Reshetilova M. U. Arinbasarov 《Microbiology》2001,70(3):306-310
The potential of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of ergot alkaloid producers among microscopic fungi of the generaPenicilliumand Clavicepswas evaluated. Twenty-three strains of various species of fungi with a previously studied capacity for alkaloid production were used. The internal fragment of the gene encoding 4-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step in the biosynthesis of ergot alkaloids, was amplified using degenerate primers. This approach revealed an about 1.2-kb specific DNA fragment in micromycetes synthesizing ergot alkaloids with complete tetracyclic ergoline system. Microorganisms that produce alkaloids with modified C or D ergoline rings, as well as -cyclopiazonic acid, did not yield the PCR fragment of the expected size. This fragment was also not found in fungi incapable of ergot alkaloid production. 相似文献
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木本曼陀罗内生真菌抗菌活性的筛选研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从木本曼陀罗植物内生真菌中筛选高效抗菌活性的菌株。选择与人类和植物相关的36株病原微生物,分别对分离自木本曼陀罗(Datura arborea L.)植物的内生真菌77株进行了发酵代谢产物的抗菌活性筛选研究。结果显示:对细菌病原菌、皮肤致病真菌、植物致病真菌有抑制作用的内生真菌分别有24,9,17株,其中5株内生真菌对10种以上的供试病原菌有明显的抑制作用,活性最好的1株对20种病原菌有较强抑制活性,最大抑菌圈直径达48mm。这说明木本曼陀罗植物内生真菌抗菌能力较强,抗菌谱较广。 相似文献
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甾类化合物广泛存在于自然界中,是一类很重要的天然产物。在菌物中,甾类化合物不仅种类多样,含量也相当丰富,尤其是由28个碳原子组成的麦角甾类化合物更具有代表性,是菌物的特征性成分。文中对国内外文献报道的菌物中麦角甾类化合物的种类进行了归纳总结。 相似文献
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Abdelhafidh Dhouib Manel Hamza Hela Zouari Tahar Mechichi Rafik Hmidi Marc Labat Maria Jesus Martinez Sami Sayadi 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2005,21(8-9):1415-1423
Summary This work represents the first report on the ability of autochthonous fungi from Tunisia to produce ligninolytic enzymes.
Three hundred and fifteen fungal strains were isolated from different Tunisian biotopes. These fungal strains were firstly
screened on solid media containing Poly R-478 or ABTS as indicator compounds that enabled the detection of lignin-modifying
enzymes as specific color reactions. Of the 315 tested strains, 49 exhibited significant ABTS-oxidation activity expressed
within the first week of incubation and only 18 strains decolorized the Poly R-478. Liquid cultivations and laccase, manganese
peroxidase and lignin peroxidase activity assays of positive strains confirmed that eight efficient enzyme producers were
found in the screening. These strains were attributed to the most closely related species using PCR amplification and sequencing
of the internal transcribed spacer ‘ITS’ regions of the ribosomal DNA. The identification results showed fungal genera such
as Oxyporus, Stereum and Trichoderma which have been only rarely reported as ligninolytic enzyme producers in the literature. Culture conditions and medium composition
were optimized for the laccase producer Trametes trogii CTM 10156. This optimization resulted in high laccase production, 367 times more than in non-optimized conditions and which
reached 110 U ml-1 within 15 days of incubation. 相似文献