核质双向转运受体Importin13 在翼状胬肉中的表达及意义

目的:探讨核质双向转运蛋白Importin13(IPO13)在翼状胬肉中的表达及意义。方法:收集2015年1月至2015年6月在中南大学湘雅医院眼科门诊确诊为"翼状胬肉"并行手术切除患者标本5例作为翼状胬肉组,收集人正常球结膜组织5例作为人正常结膜组织组,采用免疫组织化学方法检测两组结膜上皮和翼状胬肉组织IPO13、核转录因子p63、ABCG2、CD133的表达。结果:IPO13及p63表达定位于结膜上皮和翼状胬肉组织上皮基底细胞核内,ABCG2表达定位于结膜上皮和翼状胬肉上皮基底细胞层细胞浆及细胞膜,CD133表达定位于结膜上皮和翼状胬肉上皮基底细胞层细胞膜。IPO13、p63、ABCG2及CD133在人正常结膜组织中均呈低表达(光密度OD值IPO13:0.43±0.30;p63:139.09±40.15;ABCG2:63.63±22.56;CD133:70.31±33.41);在翼状胬肉中表达均明显增高(OD值IPO13:155.1±21.80;p63:617.35±87.43;ABCG2:214.03±34;CD133:201.05±46.38)。两组之间差异显著(IPO13:t'=15.87,P0.005;p63:t'=11.92,P0.005;ABCG2:t=8.15,P0.005;CD133:t=5.08,P0.005)。结论:IPO13、p63、ABCG2及CD133在翼状胬肉中高表达提示其可能在翼状胬肉异常增殖性病变中起着正向调控作用。     

原发性翼状胬肉中COX-2与iNOS的表达及相关研究

目的:探讨环氧合酶2(COX-2)与诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在原发性翼状胬肉中的表达及其在发生发展过程中的作用.方法:原发性翼状胬肉组织与对照组的正常结膜组织标本均取自石河子大学第一附属医院眼科行手术治疗的患者,采用免疫组织化学Elivision法分别检测56例原发性翼状胬内、20例正常结膜中COX-2、iNOS的表达;脱氧核苷酸末端转移酶介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸末端标记法(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling,TUNEL),检测不同时期原发性翼状胬肉细胞中凋亡细胞的表达.结果:56例原发性翼状胬肉中COX-2的阳性表达率,静止期为50%,进行期为87.5%,正常结膜为0(0/20).iNOS的阳性表达率,静止期为50%,进行期为92.5%,正常结膜50%.COX-2、iNOS阳性表达在原发性翼状胬肉与正常结膜两组间差异有显著意义,P＜0.001.正常结膜对照组无凋亡细胞表达,静止期和进行期胬肉组织中均出现凋亡细胞,凋亡细胞的表达在静止期和进行期2组间的表达有明显差异(P＜0.05)).结论:COX-2、iNOS在翼状胬肉中的表达,提示COX-2、iNOS可促进新生血管形成,可能与翼状胬肉的发生、发展以及术后复发有关,细胞凋亡在翼状胬肉的发生中起重要作用,COX-2、iNOS抑制剂以及细胞凋亡的调控可望成为降低翼状胬肉复发率新的依据.     

NGF 及其受体TrkA 在子宫腺肌病中的表达及与痛经的关系

目的:研究NGF及其受体TrkA在子宫腺肌病患者的异位内膜与在位内膜组织的表达情况及与痛经的关系。方法:采用免疫组化MaxVision法检测子宫腺肌病异位内膜(30例)、在位内膜(30例)、正常子宫内膜(19例)标本中NGF、TrkA蛋白的表达,分析其表达差异及与痛经的关系。结果:①子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达显著高于正常内膜组(P<0.01),在位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达显著高于正常内膜组(P<0.01),子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达与在位内膜组无显著差异。②子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达与痛经强度评分呈正相关(相关系数r=0.637,P=0.000;r=0.662,P=0.000)。结论:NGF及其受体TrkA在子宫腺肌病中高表达可能参与子宫腺肌病发病机制,而且可能与痛经有关。     

NGF及其受体TrkA在子宫腺肌病中的表达及与痛经的关系

目的：研究NGF及其受体TrkA在子宫腺肌病患者的异位内膜与在位内膜组织的表达情况及与痛经的关系。方法：采用免疫组化MaxVision法检测子宫腺肌病异位内膜（30例）、在位内膜（30例）、正常子宫内膜（19例）标本中NGF、TrkA蛋白的表达,分析其表达差异及与痛经的关系。结果：①子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达显著高于正常内膜组（P〈0.01）,在位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达显著高于正常内膜组（P〈0.01）,子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达与在位内膜组无显著差异。②子宫腺肌病异位内膜组NGF、TrkA表达与痛经强度评分呈正相关（相关系数r=0.637,P=0.000;r=0.662,P=0.000）。结论：NGF及其受体TrkA在子宫腺肌病中高表达可能参与子宫腺肌病发病机制,而且可能与痛经有关。     

eIF4A1与TrkA相互作用后抑制TrkA的泛素化（英文）

神经生长因子(NGF)结合细胞表面受体p75NTR (p75神经营养素受体)和TrkA (酪氨酸蛋白激酶A)后介导了细胞分化、细胞生存、凋亡、增殖和侵袭等多个重要的生理病理过程. TrKA能与细胞内多个蛋白质相互作用,但是由于NGF信号通路的复杂性,现在仍有必要发现与之相互作用的蛋白质以更准确地了解NGF信号通路.本研究中我们通过酵母双杂交的方法筛选到了一个新的与TrKA相互作用的蛋白质——真核生物翻译起始因子4A1 (eIF4A1),然后通过谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶融合蛋白沉降实验(GST-pull-down)和免疫共沉淀实验(Co-IP)证明了TrkA和eIF4A1的相互作用.此外NGF能够增强TrkA和eIF4A1的相互作用.在鉴定相互作用位点实验中,我们发现eIF4A1的氨基端结构域和TrkA的TK结构域参与了相互作用. TrkA和e IF4A1共定位在细胞膜上. NGF能够引起TrkA与泛素蛋白63位的赖氨酸连接,而eIF4A1与TrkA相互作用后能够抑制TrkA与泛素蛋白63位的赖氨酸连接.综上,得出结论 e IF4A1通过与TrkA相互作用抑制其泛素化调控NGF信号通路.     

eIF4A1与TrkA相互作用后抑制TrkA的泛素化

神经生长因子（NGF）结合细胞表面受体p75NTR(p75神经营养素受体)和TrkA（酪氨酸蛋白激酶A）后介导了细胞分化、细胞生存、凋亡、增殖和侵袭等多个重要的生理病理过程. TrKA能与细胞内多个蛋白质相互作用,但是由于NGF信号通路的复杂性,现在仍有必要发现与之相互作用的蛋白质以更准确地了解NGF信号通路. 本研究中我们通过酵母双杂交的方法筛选到了一个新的与TrKA相互作用的蛋白质——真核生物翻译起始因子4A1（eIF4A1）,然后通过谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶融合蛋白沉降实验（GST-pull-down）和免疫共沉淀实验（Co-IP）证明了TrkA和eIF4A1的相互作用. 此外NGF能够增强TrkA和eIF4A1的相互作用. 在鉴定相互作用位点实验中,我们发现eIF4A1的氨基端结构域和TrkA的TK结构域参与了相互作用. TrkA和eIF4A1共定位在细胞膜上. NGF能够引起TrkA与泛素蛋白63位的赖氨酸连接,而eIF4A1与TrkA相互作用后能够抑制TrkA与泛素蛋白63位的赖氨酸连接. 综上,得出结论 eIF4A1通过与TrkA相互作用抑制其泛素化调控NGF信号通路.     

脑缺血大鼠肺组织NGF/TrkA表达变化及其意义

目的:探讨大鼠脑缺血后肺组织神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)/酪氨酸蛋白激酶A(tropomyosin-related kinase A,TrkA)表达的变化。方法:成年雄性大鼠随机分为假手术组和脑缺血后6 h、24 h及48 h组,每组8只。建立大脑中动脉永久性局灶性缺血模型,术后于各时间点麻醉处死大鼠后,测定肺组织湿重/干重(W/D),光镜下观察HE染色肺组织病理学改变;Western blot法检测肺组织NGF、TrkA蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组相比,脑缺血后6 h肺组织W/D有增加,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而脑缺血后24 h及48 h肺组织W/D均有显著增高(P<0.05),其中以24 h组最明显(P<0.01);脑缺血后6 h肺组织出现轻度充血、水肿及炎性改变,24 h及48 h组肺泡结构破坏明显。病理学评分结果显示,脑缺血后24 h及48 h组大鼠肺组织病理评分较假手术组显著升高(P<0.05);Western blot法显示,脑缺血6 h肺组织中NGF表达增加(P<0.05),48 h时表达有下降趋势,但仍高于假手术组(P<0.05)。而肺组织中TrkA表达在脑缺血6h有下降(P>0.05),24 h下降明显(P<0.05),48 h时TrkA蛋白表达虽有上升,仍显著低于假手术组(P<0.05)。结论:大鼠肺组织NGF/TrkA的动态变化可能参与了脑缺血后肺损伤的病理生理过程。     

表皮生长因子受体在正常大鼠眼组织中的表达

采用免疫组织化学方法观察了表皮生长因子受体在正常大鼠眼组织的表达。结果发现：角膜上皮的深层细胞和角膜缘上皮细胞、部分结膜上皮细胞和结膜下结缔组织内成纤维细胞均强烈表达表皮生长因子受体。结果显示：表皮生长因子受体阳性细胞主要分布于眼表层组织。这些细胞不仅是眼组织损伤后修复、而且是多种手术能否成功和某些疾病形成中起重要作用的细胞     

神经生长因子及其受体在心血管系统中作用的研究进展

神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)是最早被发现,也是研究最广泛的神经营养因子,不仅在神经系统中具有重要功能,同时,在心血管系统中也发挥至关重要的作用。NGF通过与其受体TrkA和p75NTR结合,促进胚胎期心脏和血管的发育。NGF可以促进心肌细胞和血管生长、维持正常心功能,并且在动脉粥样硬化、心肌缺血与充血性心力衰竭等疾病的发生与进展中也发挥着重要的保护作用。     

细胞衰老和凋亡相关蛋白表达在宫颈鳞癌变中的意义

目的:许多细胞周期调控因子和衰老相关标志物如p14ARF、p15INK4b、p16INK4a和p53在G1细胞周期阻滞和癌基因诱导的衰老中意义重大。这些关键的调节蛋白在多种恶性肿瘤中经常发生突变或是缺失。在本研究中将探讨这些因子在宫颈癌发生中的意义。方法:在本研究中在正常宫颈上皮、宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈鳞癌中,应用免疫组织化学方法检测p14ARF、p15INK4b、p16INK4a、Bcl-2、p53表达,并分析它们的表达与宫颈癌变的相关性。结果:p16INK4a在正常宫颈鳞状上皮10%(2/20)表达阴性,在大部分CIN和宫颈鳞癌中表达阳性,其中在85%(17/20)CIN和75%(15/20)鳞癌中呈弥漫性强阳性表达,CIN和宫颈鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著高于正常上皮(P0.01),CIN和宫颈鳞癌的间表达率无显著差异。p15INK4b在正常宫颈鳞状上皮中65%(13/20)表达弱阳性,在100%(20/20)CIN和95%(19/20)宫颈鳞癌中表达弥漫性阳性,各组之间阳性表达率无显著性差异(P0.05)。p14ARF在40%(8/20)正常宫颈上皮细胞中表达呈弱阳性(1+),在宫颈鳞癌中表达呈弥漫性强阳性90%(18/20),在45%(9/20)CIN中表达阳性,各组之间阳性表达率无显著性差异(P0.05)。Bcl-2在20%(4/20)正常宫颈上皮表达呈弱阳性,在18/20CIN中其表达强度和比率均增加,阳性表达率为90%(18/20),Bcl-2在鳞癌中700%(14/20)呈强阳性和弥漫阳性,CIN和宫颈鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著高于正常上皮(P0.01),CIN和宫颈鳞癌的间表达率无显著差异。P53免疫组化染色显示在正常宫颈上皮为表达为20%(4/20),在大多数CIN25%(5/20)和鳞癌中核阳性85%(17/20),在鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著高于正常宫颈上皮和CIN病变(P0.05)。结论:宫颈鳞癌变涉及包括细胞凋亡和细胞衰老在内的多种信号分子表达异常,这些分子可能在宫颈鳞癌发生发挥重要作用并在宫颈癌早期诊断中有重要意义。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.