抗对硫磷基因工程新型抗体的制备及鉴定

【目的】提高抗对硫磷抗体的亲和力以提高酶联免疫检测的灵敏度。【方法】本研究通过抗对硫磷单链抗体基因和核心链霉亲和素基因片段的拼接重组,获得了抗对硫磷单链抗体-核心链霉亲和素融合基因(scfv-sa),并将该融合基因(scfv-sa)插入到表达载体pET28a(+)中,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行原核表达,制备融合蛋白。SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定scfv-sa的表达,Ni+-NTA亲和层析柱纯化融合蛋白,并用ELISA方法测定该融合抗体的亲和力。【结果】结果表明,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中该融合基因能表达出分子量约为46kDa的融合蛋白,形成了四价结构域-四价聚合抗体。ELISA测定结果表明该抗体能与对硫磷特异结合,抗体效价在1:1×106以上,亲和常数为4.25×107L/mol。【结论】制备的抗对硫磷四价聚合抗体能与抗原特异结合,与单克隆抗体相比,抗原结合位点显著增加,ELISA检测灵敏度显著提高。     

基于狂犬病病毒G蛋白scFv介导的靶向shRNA制备与鉴定

【目的】探讨以狂犬病病毒G糖蛋白单链抗体介导的载体表达shRNA靶向制剂,靶向抑制狂犬病毒复制的可行性。【方法】应用PCR技术获得狂犬病毒G糖蛋白单链抗体scFv(G)和绿脓杆菌跨膜区-酵母DNA结合结构域ETA-GAL4基因,通过搭桥PCR法获得scFv(G)-ETA-GAL4(SEG)嵌合基因;克隆至原核表达载体pET28a(+),构建重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-scFv(G)-ETA-GAL4(pET28a-SEG);在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,利用镍柱亲和层析法纯化包涵体,经复性、鉴定制得SEG蛋白;ELISA法检测表达蛋白与狂犬病毒特异结合活性;将SEG蛋白与含shRNA的质粒(pRNATU6.3-shRNA)连接制成靶向shRNA,接入100 TCID50狂犬病毒感染BHK-21细胞,35 h观察细胞中绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)表达情况;48 h用直接免疫荧光抗体试验测定复合物抑制病毒效果。【结果】克隆得到1557 bp的SEG蛋白编码基因,大肠杆菌中成功表达57 KDa的SEG蛋白,能与抗His的单克隆抗体发生特异性反应,SEG蛋白经镍柱纯化、复性后得率为2.8 mg/mL。ELISA试验证明SEG蛋白在一定浓度范围内与RV结合呈正相关。细胞试验表明GFP在细胞内得到表达;直接免疫荧光试验测定该复合物能抑制76%病毒复制。【结论】SEG蛋白能与携带shRNA的质粒结合,可运送该质粒至RV感染BHK-21细胞中,抑制狂犬病毒的复制。     

人源抗狂犬病毒单链抗体基因原核表达质粒的构建及高效表达

在原核系统中高效表达抗狂犬病毒单链抗体scFv41,以便进一步研究其生物学功能,预测临床应用前景。以重组质粒pCANTABscFv41为模板,PCR扩增带NcoI和NotI位点的scFv41基因,克隆入原核表达载体pET-22b( ),酶切鉴定重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。竞争ELISA检测表达蛋白的特异结合活性。酶切鉴定证实scFv41基因已插入原核表达载体pETl-22b( ),重组表达质粒pET-scFv41在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得了高效表达,表达量约占菌体蛋白总量的30％。竞争ELISA检测结果表明scFv41表达蛋白可特异抑制抗狂犬病毒IGY与狂犬病毒的特异性结合。该实验为进一步研究scFv41的生物学特性和免疫保护作用,及基因工程抗体的制备奠定了基础。     

抗黄曲霉毒素B1单链抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达及优化

摘要：【目的】继杂交瘤技术后,重组抗体技术是新一代的抗体制备技术。然而如何用原核系统中较多地表达具有生物活性的单链抗体,避免包涵体形成仍是一个需要探讨的问题。【方法】将目的基因scFv-H4克隆到载体pET22b上,分别转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）和Origami（DE3）中,通过改变诱导温度和IPTG浓度,比较具有生物活性的蛋白量以及包涵体的量。【结果】在BL21（DE3）中,pET22b能产生大量表达scFv-H4,而BL21(DE3) 的含有trxA和gor双突变的衍生菌Origami（DE3）表达的scFv-H4的总量较少,但是具有生物活性的蛋白量较多（35 mg/L培养物）,具有生物活性的蛋白比例也较BL21（DE3）高。另外IPTG的浓度对scFv-H4表达没有显著影响,而较高的诱导温度会促使表达的蛋白形成包涵体。【结论】在较低的温度下,pET22b能在Origami（DE3）能较好地表达具有生物活性的scFv-H4,减少包涵体的比例,为后续的抗体性质研究和改造奠定了基础。     

以重组P-gp为抗原建立检测MDR 1抗体间接ELISA方法的研究

目的:构建MDR 1基因原核表达质粒,表达P-gp重组蛋白,建立检测MDR1抗体的间接ELISA方法。方法:利用重组PCR技术扩增MDR 1基因的1kb片段,克隆至pET-28b（＋）中,构建原核表达质粒pETP-gp,转染感受态菌BL21（DE3）和BL21（DE3）plyss;以E.coli高效表达的P-gp基因主要抗原编码区重组蛋白为抗原,以HRP标记的兔抗人IgG为二抗,建立间接ELISA检测方法。结果:正确构建了pETP-gp原核表达质粒,并可在E.coli中高效表达,表达蛋白可用作检测MDR 1抗体ELISA抗原。结论:成功表达出重组蛋白P-gp,建立了检测MDR 1抗体的间接ELISA方法。     

重组SCIRR39多克隆抗体的制备及检测

目的：在大肠杆菌中表达大鼠脊髓损伤与修复蛋白39（SCIRR39）的C端抗原表位,并制备其多克隆抗体。方法：从大鼠脊髓全横断损伤脊髓cDNA中扩增1386bp的Scirr39基因编码框,亚克隆该基因编码蛋白C端359～461位氨基酸残基的DNA片段,插入表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析表达情况,切胶纯化目的蛋白;利用多克隆抗体制备技术,制备重组SCIRR39蛋白的多克隆抗体;用ELISA方法检测抗体效价,Western印迹检测抗体的特异性。结果：SCIRR39蛋白C端抗原表位与GST的融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中以可溶形式高表达,相对分子质量为37．9×103;获得抗SCIRR39蛋白C端抗原表位的兔抗血清,其效价达到1：104;Western印迹显示多克隆抗体能特异识别重组SCIRR39蛋白的C端抗原表位。结论：在原核系统中表达纯化了重组SCIRR39抗原表位蛋白,制备的重组蛋白多克隆抗体将用于检测SCIRR39在脊髓损伤过程中的表达变化。     

人源抗A型肉毒毒素单链抗体的体外亲和筛选*

以重组制备的A型肉毒毒素保护性抗原为配体,对人源噬菌体免疫抗体文库进行体外定向亲和筛选,获得特异结合子,其中与抗原高亲和力结合的抗体克隆B17基因全长750bp,可编码250个氨基酸,抗体可变区基因同源分析表明,分属VH4和κchainⅡ家族,是一株人源特异单链抗体基因。人源单链抗体B17在大肠杆菌中获得了重组表达,表达产物可以竞争特异肉毒抗毒素马血清与抗原的结合,是国内首次获得的抗A型肉毒毒素保护性抗原的人源单链抗体,可以在肉毒毒素检测和治疗研究中发挥作用。     

抗人红细胞单链抗体与猪瘟E2蛋白双功能融合蛋白的构建及生物学活性检测

为构建具有凝集性、免疫反应性的双功能融合蛋白,本研究采用重叠延伸PCR方法将2E8ScFv(抗人红细胞H抗原单链抗体基因)和mE2(猪瘟病毒E2蛋白主要抗原编码区基因)拼接成融合基因2E8mE2,并插入原核表达载体pET-DsbA,将重组表达质粒pET-DsbA-2E8mE2转化入大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)PlysS中进行IPTG诱导表达,表达的融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析鉴定,结果表明:2E8mE2融合基因在大肠杆菌中获得了表达,表达产物以包涵体形式存在,分子量约为65kDa,与预期的大小一致。分别采用亲和层析法和谷胱甘肽再氧化法对融合蛋白进行纯化和复性,红细胞凝集试验证实:2E8mE2融合蛋白复性效果良好,既能够与人红细胞结合,又能够与猪瘟病毒抗体反应,具有双功能特性。     

人源抗A型肉毒毒素单链抗体的体外亲和筛选

以重组制备的A型肉毒毒素保护性抗原为配体,对人源噬菌体免疫抗体文库进行体外定向亲和筛选,获得特异结合子,其中与抗原高亲和力结合的抗体克隆B17基因全长750bp,可编码250个氨基酸,抗体可变区基因同源分析表明,分属VH4和κ chain Ⅱ家族,是一株人源特异单链抗体基因。人源单链抗体B17在大肠杆菌中获得了重组表达,表达产物可以竞争特异肉毒抗毒素马血清与抗原的结合,是国内首次获得的抗A型肉毒毒素保护性抗原的人源单链抗体,可以在肉毒毒素检测和治疗研究中发挥作用。     

超抗原SEA与抗黑色素瘤ScFv融合基因的构建及表达

采用酶切连接和重叠PCR连接两种方法将抗黑色素瘤单链抗体基因和去除N端信号肽的金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A基因进行融合,并将融合基因克隆于pET28a表达载体上,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。用NiNTA系统对表达产物进行分离、纯化。MTT法检测融合蛋白对黑色素瘤细胞的体外抑制率。结果表明6HisScFvSEA融合蛋白可在E.coli BL21(DE3)中稳定表达,表达量占菌体蛋白的30%,主要以包涵体的形式存在。融合蛋白可通过激活效应细胞对表达相关抗原的黑色素瘤细胞发挥抑制作用。     

单增李斯特菌InternalinA的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

【目的】克隆表达单增李斯特菌膜表面蛋白InternalinA(InlA),经免疫家兔获得多克隆抗体,为建立其免疫磁珠富集快速检测方法奠定基础。【方法】利用生物软件设计单增李斯特菌inlA基因的引物,通过PCR扩增出inlA基因,并将其克隆至pET28a()原核表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21进行优化表达。镍柱纯化表达产物,质谱鉴定重组蛋白,ELISA分析其免疫原性。免疫家兔,制备其多克隆抗体。间接ELISA检测多抗的效价及交叉性,免疫荧光分析多抗与单增李斯特菌菌体结合的特异性。【结果】成功表达了InlA蛋白,融合表达产物分子量约为92 kD,质谱鉴定其为InlA蛋白;免疫家兔获得的抗血清效价为1:100 000,除与金黄色葡萄球菌约20%的交叉外,与副溶血弧菌等其它病源菌均无交叉;免疫荧光证实该多抗特异性结合于单增李斯特菌膜表面,与同种属的威尔斯李斯特菌不结合。【结论】成功制备了单增李斯特菌特异性的兔多克隆抗体,为单增李斯特菌免疫磁珠富集快速检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

Genetic fusion protein 3×STa‐ovalbumin is an effective coating antigen in ELISA to titrate anti‐STa antibodies

Heat‐stable toxin type I (STa)‐ovalbumin chemical conjugates are currently used as the only coating antigen in ELISA to titrate anti‐STa antibodies for ETEC vaccine candidates. STa‐ovalbumin chemical conjugation requires STa toxin purification, a process that can be carried out by only a couple of laboratories and often with a low yield. Alternative ELISA coating antigens are needed for anti‐STa antibody titration for ETEC vaccine development. In the present study, we genetically fused STa toxin gene (three copies) to a modified chicken ovalbumin gene for genetic fusion 3×STa‐ovalbumin, and examined application of this fusion protein as an alternative coating antigen of anti‐STa antibody titration ELISA. Data showed fusion protein 3×STa‐ovalbumin was effectively expressed and extracted, and anti‐STa antibody titration ELISA using this recombinant protein (25 ng per well) or STa‐ovalbumin chemical conjugates (10 ng/well) showed the same levels of sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, mice immunized with this fusion protein developed anti‐STa antibodies; induced antibodies showed in vitro neutralization activity against STa toxin. These results indicate that recombinant fusion protein 3×STa‐ovalbumin is an effective ELISA coating antigen for anti‐STa antibody titration, enabling a reliable reagent supply to make standardization of STa antibody titration assay feasible and to accelerate ETEC vaccine development.

     

Phage display screening of TIGIT-specific antibody for antitumor immunotherapy

ABSTRACT

The fully synthetic humanized phage antibody library has the advantages including the minimized immunogenicity, which frequently happened in hybridoma cell-based antibody production. In this paper, using the constructed diverse complementarity determining region gene library and the germline gene as the backbone, we constructed eight single-chain antibody libraries and a combinatorial antibody library with a big capacity of 1.41 × 10¹⁰. M13EEA helper phage that was engineered from M13KO7 was applied to prepare phage antibody library. The eukaryotic expression of T-cell immune receptor with Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT) antigen was used as a target antigen for screening. The screening of antigen-specific single-chain Fc-fused protein was performed through evaluation of binding affinity based on ELISA analysis. The IgG antibody was prepared with the screened single-chain protein. Finally, the CB3 antibody was screened out which exhibits the highest binding affinity with TIGIT with the K_d value of 8.155 × 10^?10 M.     

重组人肠激酶轻链的原核表达、纯化及活性分析

【目的】在原核表达系统中实现人肠激酶轻链(Human enterokinase light chain,hEKL)的表达和纯化。【方法】通过PCR扩增得到编码hEKL的基因片段,利用基因重组技术构建原核表达质粒pMAL-s-hEKL,在Escherichia coli中进行诱导表达,菌体经超声破碎后利用Amylose亲和柱对目标蛋白进行纯化,并利用Tricine SDS-PAGE检测酶的切割活性。【结果】目的基因能够以可溶形式表达,每升发酵液可纯化得到40 mg纯度在97%以上的MBP-hEKL蛋白,活性检测表明该酶可以对含有肠激酶识别序列的蛋白进行特异性切割,酶活力达到6.0×105U/mol。     

Expression and characterization of recombinant soluble porcine CD3 ectodomain molecules: mapping the epitope of an anti-porcine CD3 monoclonal antibody 898H2-6-15

The porcine CD3 specific monoclonal antibody 898H2-6-15 has been used in allo- and xeno-transplantation studies as a porcine CD3 marker and as an effective T cell depletion reagent when conjugated to the diphtheria toxin mutant, CRM9. A recombinant anti-porcine CD3 immuntoxin was recently developed using single-chain variable fragments (scFv) derived from 898H2-6-15. In this study, using published sequence data, we have expressed the porcine CD3 ectodomain molecules in E. coli through inclusion body isolation and in vitro refolding approach. The expressed and refolded porcine CD3 ectodomain molecules include CD3ε, CD3γ, CD3δ, CD3εγ heterodimer, CD3εδ heterodimer, CD3εγ single-chain fusion protein and CD3εδ single-chain fusion protein. These refolded porcine CD3 ectodomain molecules were purified with a strong anion exchange resin Poros 50HQ. ELISA analysis demonstrated that only the porcine CD3εγ ectodomain single-chain fusion protein can bind to the porcine CD3 specific monoclonal antibody 898H2-6-15. The availability of this porcine CD3εγ ectodomain single-chain fusion protein will allow screening for affinity matured variants of scFv derived from 898H2-6-15 to improve the recombinant anti-porcine CD3 immunotoxin. Porcine CD3εγ ectodomain single-chain fusion protein will also be a very useful reagent to study the soluble phase interaction between porcine CD3εγ and porcine CD3 antibodies such as 898H2-6-15.     

Neutralizing single-chain antibodies against the tick-borne encephalitis virus

A recombinant pSC13D6 plasmid DNA was constructed based on cDNA fragments of genes encoding variable domains of heavy and light chains of the MKA13D6 monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein of the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus. This plasmid provided expression in Escherichia coli cells of the scl3D6 single-chain antibody against the TBE virus. The produced antibodies could bind to the TBE virus, strain 205, and the TBE virus recombinant E protein. The affinity constant of purified scl3D6 was (3.0 ± 0.2) × 10⁷ M^?1 for the equilibrium state and (2.8 ± 0.3) × 10⁷ M^?1 in the case of antigen-antibody formation on the surface. The obtained single-chain antibody could inhibit the infection potency of the TBE virus on a monolayer of eukaryotic cells. The calculated IC₅₀ value for scl3D6 was 16.7 μg/ml.     

狂犬病病毒重组免疫毒素的表达及其生物活性鉴定

将狂犬病病毒中和性单链抗体基因克隆入原核表达载体pET-PE40,经酶切鉴定及序列测定,成功构建了重组免疫毒素原核表达载体。IPTG诱导后目的蛋白获得高效表达,SDS-PAGE分析目的蛋白主要以不溶性包涵体的形式存在于菌体中,表达量占菌体总蛋白的32.29％。包涵体蛋白经体外复性及离子交换色谱柱、疏水作用色谱柱、Sephadex G200凝胶过滤层析柱三步纯化后获得纯度大于96％的目的蛋白,间接免疫荧光染色检测表明重组免疫毒素与狂犬病病毒感染细胞具有抗原结合活性,MTT试验显示,重组免疫毒素对狂犬病病毒感染细胞具有明显的杀伤作用,而对正常细胞无杀伤作用。     

Screening and identification of human ZnT8-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) from type 1 diabetes phage display library

Zinc transporter 8(ZnT8) is a major autoantigen and a predictive marker in type 1 diabetes(T1D). To investigate ZnT8-specific antibodies, a phage display library from T1 D was constructed and single-chain antibodies against ZnT 8 were screened and identified. Human T1 D single-chain variable fragment(sc Fv) phage display library consists of approximately 1í10~8 clones. After four rounds of bio-panning, seven unique clones were positive by phage ELISA. Among them, C27 and C22, which demonstrated the highest affinity to ZnT8, were expressed in Escherichia coli Top10F' and then purified by affinity chromatography. C27 and C22 specifically bound ZnT8 N/C fusion protein and ZnT8 C terminal dimer with one Arg325 Trp mutation. The specificity to human islet cells of these sc Fvs were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, we have successfully constructed a T1 D phage display antibody library and identified two ZnT8-specific sc Fv clones, C27 and C22. These ZnT8-specific sc Fvs are potential agents in immunodiagnostic and immunotherapy of T1 D.     

Expression and purification of monospecific and bispecific recombinant antibody fragments derived from antibodies that block the CD80/CD86-CD28 costimulatory pathway

The development of recombinant techniques for rapid cloning, expression, and characterization of cDNAs encoding antibody (Ab) subunits has revolutionized the field of antibody engineering. By fusion to heterologous protein domains, chain shuffling, or inclusion of self-assembly motifs, novel molecules such as bispecific Abs can be generated that possess the subset of functional properties designed to fit the intended application. We describe the engineering of Ab fragments produced in bacteria for blocking the CD28-CD80/CD86 costimulatory interaction in order to induce tolerance against transplanted organs. We designed single-chain Fv antibodies, monospecific and bispecific diabodies, and a bispecific tetravalent antibody (BiTAb) molecule directed against the CD80 and/or CD86 costimulatory molecules. These recombinant Ab molecules were expressed in Escherichia coli, followed by purification and evaluation for specific interaction with their respective antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A specific sandwich ELISA confirmed the bispecificity of the bispecific diabodies and the BiTAb.     

Construction and characterization of a fusion protein of single-chain anti-carcinoma antibody 323/A3 and human β-glucuronidase

 We report the construction and expression of a fusion protein between a single-chain antibody specific for human carcinomas and human β-glucuronidase by recombinant DNA technology. The sequences encoding the murine monoclonal antibody 323/A3 light- and heavy-chain variable genes were joined by a synthetic sequence encoding a 15-amino-acid linker and combined with human β-glucuronidase by a synthetic sequence encoding a 6-amino-acid linker. The construct was placed under the control of the cytomegalovirus promotor and expressed in COS-7 cells. The yield of active fusion protein was 10 ng/ml transfectoma supernatant. Antibody affinity, antibody specificity and enzyme activity were fully retained by the fusion protein. Biochemical characterization of the fusion protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a molecular mass of 100 kDa under denaturing conditions. Gel-filtration analysis indicated that the enzymatically active form is a tetramer of approximately 400 kDa. The non-toxic prodrug N-[4-doxorubicin-N-carbonyl(oxymethyl)phenyl]-O-β-glucuronyl carbamate was activated to the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin by the fusion protein with a hydrolysis rate similar to that of human β-glucuronidase. The growth inhibition of tumor cells coated with the fusion protein and exposed to prodrug was similar to that obtained with doxorubicin. This study shows the feasibility of constructing eukaryotic fusion proteins consisting of a single-chain antibody and human β-glucuronidase for use in the specific activation of anticancer prodrugs. Received: 5 June 1997 / Accepted: 25 October 1997