A new stomach worm,Obeliscoides pentalagi n. sp. (Nematoda; Trichostrongyloidea) of Ryukyu rabbits,Pentalagus furnessi (Stone, 1900)

Summary A new trichostrongylid nematode, Obeliscoides pentalagi n. sp., from the stomach of the Ryukyu Rabbit, Pentalagus furnessi, collected on Amami-ohshima Island, south Japan is described. O. pentalagi n. sp. resembles O. leporis Schulz, 1931 and O. travassosi Liu & Wu, 1941, but differs in the relative size and morphology of the dorsal ray and genital cone of the males. The number and distribution of longitudinal cuticular ridges of O. pentalagi n. sp. is similar to those of O. cuniculi multistriatus Measures & Anderson, 1983, but it differs in the morphology of the spicules, dorsal ray and genital cone in males, and in the morphology of the prevulval lobe of the females. The discovery of O. pentalagi further supports the hypothesis of a Eurasian origin of the genus Obeliscoides (Graybill, 1923) Graybill, 1924 (Durette-Desset, 1983; Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1977; Measures & Anderson, 1983a, b, c, 1984). The number and distribution of longitudinal cuticular ridges and variation of the prevulval lobe in females of O. leporis Schulz, 1931 are also examined and compared with those of other species.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Paragonimus skrjabini</Emphasis> Chen, 1959 (Digenea: Paragonimidae) and related species in eastern Asia: a combined molecular and morphological approach to identification and taxonomy

A molecular and morphometric investigation is reported on the species complex of mammalian lung.ukes of which Paragonimus skrjabini Chen, 1959 and P.miyazakii Kamo, Nishida, Hatsushika & Tomimura, 1961 are the best-known examples. This species complex (here called the P.skrjabini complex) is shown to be monophyletic using DNA sequences from the nuclear ITS2 region and the mitochondrial cox1gene. The latter marker permits the discrimination of populations, some previously named as distinct species, from various geographical locations in China and Japan. Morphometric analysis of a number of variables accords remarkably closely with the molecular results. Main findings are that (1) nominal P.skrjabini from Fujian Province in eastern China is phylogenetically very close to P.miyazakii from Japan. It is proposed that both taxa should be referred to the same subspecies as P.skrjabini miyazakii. (2) Populations from Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Sichuan and Hubei should be referred to P.skrjabini skrjabini. Specimens of P.skrjabini from the Yangtze basin in Sichuan and Hubei are remarkably similar to one another according to genetic and morphometric data, but are not so different from Guangdong populations that they should be referred to a different subspecies at this stage. Specimens of P.skrjabini from Yunnan have not been assigned to a subspecies at this stage. (3) Partly following earlier studies, we regard the following as synonyms of P.skrjabini: P.miyazakii (reduced to subspecific status); P.szechuanensis Chung & Tsao, 1962 (probably belongs to P.s.skrjabini); and P.hueitungensis Chung, Hsu, Ho, Kao, Shao, Chiu, Pi, Liu, Ouyang, Shen, Yi & Yao, 1975 (probably belongs to P.s.skrjabini ); P.veocularis (Chen & Li, 1979) (specimens from Fujian regarded as belonging to this species should be referred to P.skrjabini miyazakii: the subspecific status of specimens from the type-locality in northern Sichuan is unclear). A number of questions remain unresolved. The name P. hokuoensis Ho & Chung, 1964 was proposed for two individual metacercariae of distinctive appearance from southern Yunnan. DNA sequences from very similar metacercariae from the same locality place this nominal species within, or sister to, the P. skrjabini complex. As yet, nothing is known regarding adult morphology or biology of this taxon and we retain it here as a distinct species. P. heterorchis (Zhou, Pang & Hsiang, 1982) might be a synonym of P. skrjabini: the form of the metacercaria provides evidence against this view and further work is required. P. macrorchis Chen, 1962 has probably been confused with P. skrjabiniin China. Within China, the former probably occurs only on Hainan Island, although P. fukienensis Tang & Tang, 1962 from Fujian Province could be a synonym.     

The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring in ruminants. III. Revision of the genus Calicophoron Näsmark, 1937

Summary The genus Calicophoron N?smark, 1937 is redefined. Only the following species originally assigned by N?smark to the genus are considered valid: C. calicophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) N?smark, 1937 (type species); C. papillosum (Stiles & Goldberger, 1910) N?smark, 1937; and C. raja N?smark, 1937. The following species previously assigned to the genus Paramphistomum Fischoeder, 1901 are considered valid but moved to the genus Calicophoron N?smark, 1937 in new combinations: C. bothriophoron (Braun, 1892); C. microbothrium (Fischoeder, 1901); C. papilligerum (Stiles & Goldberger, 1910); C. clavula (N?smark, 1937); C. microbothrioides (Price & McIntosh, 1944); C. sukari (Dinnik, 1954); C. phillerouxi (Dinnik, 1961); C. daubneyi (Dinnik, 1962) and C. sukumum (Dinnik, 1964). The genus Bothriophoron (Stiles & Goldberger, 1910) Grétillat 1958 is synoymized with Calicophoron N?smark, 1937. Paramphistomum crassum Stiles & Goldberger, 1910, P. cauliorchis Stiles & Goldberger, 1910, P. ijimai Fukui, 1922, P. (Cauliorchis) skrjabini Popova, 1937, P. erschovi Davydova, 1959, Calicophoron orientalis Mukherjee, 1966, C. wuchengense Wang, 1979 and Cotylophoron skrjabini Mitskevich, 1958 in part are considered synonyms of Calicophoron calicophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) N?smark, 1937. C. zhejiangense Wang, 1979 is regarded a synonym of C. papillosum (Stiles & Goldberger, 1910) N?smark, 1937. P. vangrembergeni Van Strydonck, 1970 and P. togolense Albaret, Bayssade-Dufour, Guilhon, Kulo & Picot, 1978 are considered synonyms of Calicophoron phillerouxi (Dinnik, 1961) n. comb. and Ceylonocotyle petrovi Davydova, 1961 is synonymized with Calicophoron microbothrioides (Price & McIntosh, 1944) n. comb. The species considered valid under the genus are redescribed and illustrated and scanning electron photomicrographs of the tegumental surfaces of some species are provided. A key to the species is given. Part of a thesis approved by the University of London for the award of the Ph.D. degree.     

Suttonema delta n. g., n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichostrongylina: Heligmosomoidea) from Oxymycterus rufus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina

A new nippostrongyline, Suttonema delta n. g., n. sp., is described from the intestine of Oxymycterus rufus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from Argentina, in a host from which trichostrongylid nematodes were hitherto unknown. The new genus is very similar to Stilestrongylus Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937 and Malvinema Digiani, Sutton & Durette-Desset, 2003, both parasites of Neotropical sigmodontines, in the features of the caudal bursa (with a pattern of type 1-4, asymmetrical with hypertophied right lobe) and the presence of cephalic structures resembling cuticular cordons. The larval synlophe is also identical to that of Stilestrongylus freitasi Durette-Desset, 1968. The new genus is differentiated by an adult synlophe with few ridges (9-12 at mid-body) of two different types: small, rounded ridges without cuticular support on the dorsal side, and pointed ridges of unequal size on the ventral side and in lateral fields. It is also characterised by the presence of comaretes on the left ventral and ventral fields of the synlophe.     

Diplectanum squamatum n.sp. (Monogenea:Diplectanidae) fro the gills of Cynoscion guatucupa (Sciecidae) in southwest Atlantic waters

Diplectanum squamatum n. sp. is described from the gills of the sciaenid Cynoscion guatucupa collected off Mar del Plata, Argentina. The new species is distinguished from other species of the genus by the morphology of the hamuli and the male copulatory organ, and presence of scales on the haptor and body. This is the first species of Diplectanum to be reported from southwest Atlantic waters and, with the possible exception of D. cayennense Euzet & Durette-Desset, 1974, the only species from the Atlantic coast of South America.     

Two new species ofOdilia (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) from Australian rodents,with comments onO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992

Odilia tasmaniensis n. sp.,O. praeputialis n. sp. andO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992 from the small intestine of Australian murids are described and illustrated. The two new species are distinguished from the other eight species in the genus, namelyO. mackerrasae (Mawson, 1961),O. brachybursa (Mawson, 1961),O. emanuelae (Mawson, 1961),O. melomyos (Mawson, 1961),O. polyrhabdote (Mawson, 1961),O. uromyos (Mawson, 1961),O. mawsonae (Durette-Desset, 1969) andO. bainae Beveridge & Durette-Desset, 1992.O. tasmaniensis n. sp. fromRattus lutreolus is characterised by the longitudinal cuticular ridges being continuous, the presence of 18 ridges in cross-section in the middle region of the body, the joined distal ends of the spicules forming a curved bluntly rounded tip, a short genital cone with a single ventral papilla and a pair of laterally curving dorsal raylets and the posterior end of the female tapering sharply.O. praeputialis n. sp. fromZyzomys woodwardi is characterised by continuous longitudinal cuticular ridges, the presence of 22–35 ridges in cross-section in the middle of the body, the sharply pointed joined distal tips of the spicules, a complex genital cone with a flat membraneous proconus, a ventral papilla projecting from an extension of the body wall, a pair of short straight dorsal raylets and the presence of a praepuce on the posterior end of the female.O. bainae is characterised by the longitudinal cuticular ridges being continuous, the presence of 17–22 ridges in cross-section in the middle region of the body, the joined distal ends of the spicules surrounded in an oval transparent cap, a long genital cone with a single ventral papilla and a pair of laterally curving dorsal raylets, and the absence of a praepuce on the posterior end of the female.Rattus lutreolus and the pseudomyine rodentsPseudomys higginsi andMastacomys fuscus are new host records for this species.     

The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring in ruminants. II. Revision of the genus Paramphistomum Fischoeder, 1901

Summary The genus Paramphistomum Fischoeder, 1901 is redefined and restricted and only the following species are retained and considered valid: P. cervi (Zeder, 1790) (type species); P. liorchis Fischoeder, 1901; P. gracile Fischoeder, 1901 P. epiclitum Fischoeder, 1904; P. gotoi Fukui, 1922, P. ichikawai Fukui, 1922; P. leydeni Näsmark, 1937 and P. hiberniae Willmott, 1950. These are redescribed and illustrated. A new species, Paramphistomum cephalophi is described and illustrated from the black-fronted duiker (Cephalophus nigrifrons) in Rwanda. It differs from the rest of the species in the genus by the presence of an anterior sphincter in the pharynx and the characteristic posterior notch of the acetabular rim. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the tegumental surfaces of the species in the genus are provided. Cotylophoron indicum Stiles & Goldberger, 1910 (=Paramphistomum thapari Price & McIntosh, 1953), C. madrasense Gupta, 1958, C. chauhani Gupta & Gupta, 1972, Paramphistomum indicum Stiles & Goldberger, 1910 (in part), P. malayi Lee & Lowe, 1971 and Srivastavaia indica Singh, 1970 are considered synonyms of Paramphistomum epiclitum Fischoeder, 1904. Paramphistomum indicum Stiles & Goldberger, 1910 (in part) and P. bombayiensis Gupta & Verma in Gupta & Nakhasi, 1977 are regarded as synonyms of Paramphistomum gracile Fischoeder, 1901. P. scotiae Willmott, 1950, P. julimarinorum Velázquez-Maldonado, 1976, P. nicabrasilorum Velázquez- Maldonado, 1976, P. procapri Wang, 1979 and Cotylophoron skrjabini Mitskevich, 1958 are considered synonyms of Paramphistomum leydeni Näsmark, 1937. Cotylophoron vigisi Davydova, 1963 is considered synonymous with Paramphistomum ichikawai Fukui, 1922. Paramphistomum birmense Railliet, 1924, P. microon Railliet, 1924, P. chinensis Hsu, 1935 and P. pseudocuonum Wang, 1979 are regarded as species inquirendae.The genera Liorchis Velichko, 1966 and Srivastavaia Singh, 1970 are synonymized with Paramphistomum Fischoeder, 1901.A key to the species of the genus is provided.Part of a thesis approved by the University of London for the award of the Ph.D. degree.Part of a thesis approved by the University of London for the award of the Ph.D. degree.     

Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp. (Trichostrongyloidea,Nippostrongylinae), parasite d'Acomys dimidiatus Muridae de Somalie

Résumé Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp., parasite d'Acomys dimidiatus en Somalie est proche de N. houini Durette-Desset, 1970, de N. pseudospira Durette-Desset, 1970, toutes deux parasites d'Arvicanthis abyssinicus en Ethiopie, et de N. dossoi Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1986, parasite d'Uranomys ruddi en Côte d'Ivoire. Il se sépare de ces trois espèces par de longues côtes ventrales, une côte dorsale divisée dans son tiers moyen, des spicules à pointe épaisse et un synlophe de sept et non six arêtes ventrales.

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Neoheligmonella acomysi n. sp., a parasite of Acomys dimidiatus in Somalia, is closely related to N. houini Durette-Desset, 1970 and N. pseudospira Durette-Desset, 1970, both parasites of Arvicanthis abyssinicus in Ethiopia, and to N. dossoi Durette-Desset & Cassone, 1986, a parasite of Uranomys ruddi in the Ivory Coast. It is differentiated from those species by its long ventral rays, the division of the dorsal ray in the middle third, the thickness of the tips of the spicule and a synlophe with seven ventral longitudinal cuticular ridges.

     

Spalacina yanchevi n. g., n. sp. (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) from the lesser mole rat Spalax leucodon (Rodentia: Spalacidae)

Spalacina n. g. (Heligmonellidae, Nippostrongylinae) is erected for S. yanchevi n. sp. (type-species) [syns Heligmonina nevoi of Genov & Janchev (1982) and Genov (1984)] from Spalax leucodon (Spalacidae) and two other species from spalacid rodents previously considered as members of Heligmonina Baylis, 1928: S. spalacis (Sharpilo, 1973) n. comb. and S. nevoi (Wertheim & Durette-Desset, 1975) n. comb. The new genus belongs to the subfamily Nippostrongylinae and is closely related to the genus Heligmonina from which it can be distinguished by a greater angle of rotation of the synlophe, the absence of a gradient on the ventral ridges and a weakly developed right dorsal ridge. The zoogeographical distribution of Spalacina spp. is associated with that of Palaearctic spalacids. S. yanchevi differs from S. spalacis and S. nevoi in the number and size of the ridges, the distance between the extremities of the rays 6 and 8, the degree of reduction of the dorsal ray and the length of the spicules.     

New lichenicolous, muscicolous, corticolous and lignicolous taxa of Burgoa s. l. and Marchandiomyces s. l. (anamorphic Basidiomycota), a new genus for Omphalinafoliacea, and a catalogue and a key to the non-lichenized, bulbilliferous basidiomycetes

A catalogue and a key to the non-lichenized, bulbilliferous basidiomycetes are given. The new genus Burgella is described for the lichenicolous B. flavoparmeliae, phylogenetically close to Sistotrema oblongisporum and Multiclavula. The genera Pneumatospora and Tricellulortus are placed in synonymy of Minimedusa, the new combination M. obcoronata is proposed, and the new facultative lichenicolous M. pubescens is described. The new facultative lichenicolous Burgoa angulosa is phylogenetically close to the generic type B. verzuoliana, whilst the new B. moriformis and B. splendens are provisionally included in the genus Burgoa. A Burgoa-like species in the Ceratobasidiaceae is left unnamed. Two new species of Marchandiomyces, M. buckii and M. nothofagicola, are described. As Marchandiomyces aurantiacus is phylogenetically more close to Erythricium than to Marchandiomyces, it is proposed to exclude it from that genus and to use the holomorphic generic name Marchandiobasidium for both anamorph and teleomorph of this species. The new genus Marchandiomphalina is introduced for the lichenized Omphalina foliacea, a taxon phylogenetically close to Marchandiobasidium. Taxonomic novelties Burgella Diederich & Lawrey; B. flavoparmeliae Diederich & Lawrey; Burgoa angulosa Diederich, Lawrey & Etayo; B. moriformis Diederich, Ertz & Coppins; B. splendens Diederich & Coppins; Marchandiomphalina Diederich, Lawrey & Binder; Marchandiomphalina foliacea (P. M. J?rg.) Diederich, Lawrey & Binder; Marchandiomyces buckii Diederich & Lawrey; M. nothofagicola Diederich & Lawrey; Minimedusa pubescens Diederich, Lawrey & Heylen; M. obcoronata (B. Sutton, Kuthub. & Muid) Diederich & Lawrey     

The genus Gottschelia Grolle (Jungermanniopsida,Lophoziaceae) in China,with a description of G. grollei,sp. nov.

Abstract

The genus Gottschelia Grolle is reported as new to mainland China, from Yunnan Province. Previously G. schizopleura (Spruce) Grolle was the only known Chinese species, reported from Taiwan. However, two further species have recently been found in the Gaoligong Shan range, Yunnan Province, G. patoniae Grolle, Schill & D.G. Long, previously known from the East Himalaya of Nepal and India (Sikkim) and G. grollei D.G. Long & Váňa, described here as a new species endemic to China, the fourth known species in the genus. The differences between the three Chinese species are enumerated with notes on distribution and ecology.     

中国地衣新记录属——裂孔衣属

该文报道了中国文字衣科地衣一新记录属——裂孔衣属(Schizotrema Mangold & Lumbsch)及其1个新记录种,即瓜岛裂孔衣 [Schizotrema guadeloupense(Hale)Mangold & Lumbsch],标本来自云南。该属主要特征为地衣体壳状,树皮生,具子囊盘类或色盘衣类的子囊果,子囊果具再生层状边缘,固有盘被融合或不明显,具侧生侧丝,子囊孢子横隔透镜或砖壁型。瓜岛裂孔衣也是亚洲新记录种。此外,该文还对裂孔衣属其他5种的生态分布特征进行了描述,并提供了该属世界范围检索表。以上结果为文字衣科地衣的分类学研究提供了基础资料。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Amphibiophilus mooiensis</Emphasis> n. sp. (Nematoda: Amphibiophilidae), a parasite of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Amietia delalandii</Emphasis> (Duméril &amp; Bibron) (Amphibia: Pyxicephalidae) from South Africa

Four species of the genus Amphibiophilus Skrjabin, 1916 from pyxycephalid frogs in southern and central Africa are currently recognised as valid. Several specimens of Amphibiophilus were found in material from the common river frog, Amietia delalandii (Duméril & Bibron) (Amphibia: Pyxicephalidae), collected in Potchefstroom (North-West Province, South Africa). These specimens clearly differ from all previously known species by the shape of the distal end of the spicule, the shape of the gubernaculum and the structure of the synlophe. They are, thus, considered as a new species, Amphibiophilus mooiensis. As all other species in the family Amphibiophilidae Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981, A. mooiensis n. sp. possesses a number of archaic characters, such as a buccal capsule with a well-developed dorsal oesophageal tooth, six inner labial papillae, six outer labial papillae and four cephalic papillae. Molecular data (cox1 and ITS-28S rDNA sequences) are provided and host and geographical specificity are discussed.     

Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis,sp. nov. (Metzgeriales,Aneuraceae) from Yunnan,China

Abstract

The genus Lobatiriccardia Furuki is reported as new to China, from the Dulong River valley, Gaoligong Shan range, Yunnan Province and this material is described as a new species endemic to China, Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis Furuki & D.G. Long, the fifth known species in the genus. The differences between the new species and the other members of the genus are enumerated, along with a key to all known species of Lobatiriccardia.     

Transversotrema Chackai sp. Nov,adult of Cercaria Chackai,from Fishes (Digenea: Transversotrematidae)

Transversotrema chackai sp. nov. adult of Cercaria chackai, is described. They are found as adults beneath the scales of three species of fishes, Macropodus cupanus (CUV & VAL), M. cupanus var. Dayi (DAY) and Barbus puntius (HAM & BUCH). This species is compared with other known adults of the genus Transversotrema and the creation of a new species is justified.     

Molecular characterisation of acanthocephalans from Australian marine teleosts: proposal of a new family,synonymy of another and transfer of taxa between orders

We provide molecular data (cox1, 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) for 17 acanthocephalan species and 20 host-parasite combinations from Australian marine teleosts collected from off Queensland, Australia. Fourteen of these acanthocephalans are characterised with molecular data for the first time and we provide the first molecular data for a species of each of the genera Heterosentis Van Cleave, 1931, Pyriproboscis Amin, Abdullah & Mhaisen, 2003 and Sclerocollum Schmidt & Paperna, 1978. Using 18S and 28S rDNA sequences, the phylogenetic position of each newly sequenced species is assessed with both single-gene and concatenated 18S+28S maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. Additional phylogenetic analyses focusing on the genus Rhadinorhynchus Lühe, 1912 and related lineages are included. Our phylogenetic results are broadly consistent with previous analyses, recovering previously identified inconsistencies but also providing new insights and necessitating taxonomic action. We do not find sufficient evidence to recognise the Gymnorhadinorhynchidae Braicovich, Lanfranchi, Farber, Marvaldi, Luque & Timi, 2014 as distinct from the Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912. The family Gymnorhadinorhynchidae and its sole genus, Gymnorhadinorhynchus Braicovich, Lanfranchi, Farber, Marvaldi, Luque & Timi, 2014, are here recognised as junior synonyms of Rhadinorhynchidae and Rhadinorhynchus, respectively. The two species currently assigned to Gymnorhadinorhynchus are recombined as Rhadinorhynchus decapteri (Braicovich, Lanfranchi, Farber, Marvaldi, Luque & Timi, 2014) n. comb. and Rhadinorhynchus mariserpentis (Steinauer, Garcia-Vedrenne, Weinstein & Kuris, 2019) n. comb. In all of our analyses, Rhadinorhynchus biformis Smales, 2014 is found basal to the Rhadinorhynchidae + Transvenidae Pichelin & Cribb, 2001, thus resulting in a paraphyletic Rhadinorhynchidae. It appears that R. biformis may require a new genus and family; however, morphological data for this species are currently insufficient to adequately distinguish it from related lineages, thus we defer the proposal of any new higher-rank names for this species. Species of the genus Sclerocollum, currently assigned to the Cavisomidae Meyer, 1932, are found nested within the family Transvenidae. We transfer the genus Sclerocollum to the Transvenidae and amend the diagnosis of the family accordingly. The genera Gorgorhynchoides Cable & Linderoth, 1963 and Serrasentis Van Cleave, 1923, currently assigned to the Rhadinorhynchidae, are supported as sister taxa and form a clade in the Polymorphida. We transfer these genera and Golvanorhynchus Noronha, Fabio & Pinto, 1978 to an emended concept of the Isthomosacanthidae Smales, 2012 and transfer this family to the Polymorphida. Lastly, Pyriproboscis heronensis (Pichelin, 1997) Amin, Abdullah & Mhaisen, 2003, currently assigned to the Pomphorhynchidae Yamaguti, 1939, falls under the Polymorphida in our analyses with some support for a sister relationship with the Centrorhynchidae Van Cleave, 1916. As this species clearly does not belong in the Pomphorhynchidae and is morphologically and molecularly distinct from the lineages of the Polymorphida, we propose the Pyriprobosicidae n. fam. to accommodate it.

     

Johnkarlingia,a new genus of the synchytriaceae

A chytridiaceous fungous species was found parasitic in the roots of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) in the heavy soil fields of Varanasi, U.P. The morphology of resting sporangia and life cycle of the pathogen revealed that no fungus species has hitherto been described befitting its developmental pattern. A new genus Johnkarlingia Pavgi & Singh has been proposed to accommodate the fungus with Johnkarlingia brassicae Singh & Pavgi as its type species. The taxonomy and affinities of the genus are discussed.     

A discussion on the Heteracanthocephalidae Petrochenko, 1956 (Acanthocephala: Palaeacanthocephala)

Several heteracanthocephalid specimens were recovered from the flatfish Rhombosolea leporina (Günther), a host of Heteracanthocephalus peltorhamphi (Baylis, 1944) Petrochenko, 1956 from New Zealand. Unlike H. peltorhamphi, these new specimens have trunk spines. Measurements and proboscis armament of the new specimens are consistent with the worms being Aspersentis minor Edmonds & Smales, 1992 originally described from the Australian flounder Rhombosolea tapirina Günther. A review of the family Heteracanthocephalidae Petrochenko, 1956 was undertaken to assess the validity of its four genera and eight species. The validity of Aspersentis megarhynchus (Linstow, 1892) Golvan, 1960 (syn. Echinorhynchus megarhynchus Linstow, 1892) is questioned. E. megarhynchus is not considered to be an heteracanthocephalid and is relegated to a species inquirenda. A. megarhynchus (Linstow, 1892) of Golvan (1960) nec E. megarhynchus Linstow, 1892 is considered a synonym of A. austrinus Van Cleave, 1929. The monotypic genus Heteracanthocephalus Petrochenko, 1956 is proposed as a synonym of Aspersentis Van Cleave, 1929 because there appear to be insufficient morphological differences between them. Aspersentis peltorhamphi n. comb. is proposed for Heteracanthocephalus peltorhamphi. The monotypic genus Sachalinorhynchus Krotov & Petrochenko in Petrochenko, 1956 is considered valid, but the other heteracanthocephalid genus, Bullockrhynchus Chandra, Rao & Shyamasundari, 1985, also monotypic, is not. B. indicus Chandra, Rao & Shyamasundari, 1985 possesses more features resembling rhadinorhynchids than heteracanthocephalids but only females are known, and therefore the genus and species cannot be placed. There are currently four valid species of Aspersentis and one of Sachalinorhynchus.     

Description of a second species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Joblingia</Emphasis> Dybas &; Wenzel, 1947 (Diptera: Streblidae)

A new species of Joblingia Dybas & Wenzel, 1947, collected on the bat Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy) in Southern Brazil, is described, and the type-species, J. schmidti Dybas & Wenzel, 1947, redescribed. The diagnosis of the genus is amended. The external morphology and postgonites of both species are figured. Geographical distribution and host-parasite relationships are discussed.     

The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring in ruminants. V. Revision of the genus Cotylophoron Stiles & Goldberger, 1910

Summary Only seven species of the genus Cotylophoron Stiles & Goldberger, 1910 are considered valid, namely C. cotylophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) Stiles & Goldberger, 1910 (type species); C. jacksoni N?smark, 1937; C. fuelleborni N?smark, 1937; C. panamensis Price and McIntosh, 1953; C. bareilliensis Mukherjee & Chauhan, 1965; C. macrosphinctris Sey & Graber, 1979 and C. xiangjiangense Wang, 1979. These are redescribed and illustrated. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the tegumental surfaces of some species are provided. C. guangdongense Wang, 1979 is considered a synonym of C. cotylophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) Stiles & Goldberger 1910, and C. indicum of N?smark, 1937 (not of Stiles & Goldberger, 1910) and C. noveboracensis Price & McIntosh, 1953 are considered synonyms of C. fuelleborni N?smark, 1937. C. ottoi Gupta & Bakhshi in Gupta & Nakhasi, 1977 is regarded as a species inquirenda. A key to the species of the genus is given. Part of a thesis approved by the University of London for the award of the Ph.D degree.