共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Karl W. Beck Peter Schramel Anabelle Hedl Hans Jaeger Werner Kaboth 《Biological trace element research》1990,25(2):89-96
The absolute number of T4 cells and the serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, P, Se, and Zn were determined in 59 Walter-Reed staged, HIV-infected men, compared to healthy controls, serum levels of Ca, Cu, and Fe were significantly higher, those of P and Se significantly lower in the HIV-infected subjects. In the HIV-infected cases, but not in the controls, the concentrations of Se and Zn, of Ca with Cu and Fe, and of Fe with P, were directly correlated. In the controls, the correlation between the levels of K and Mg was direct, and inverse between those of Zn and P. Trace element levels did not significantly correlate with WR-stage. However, the absolute number of T4 cells was directly correlated with the serum Mg concentration. 相似文献
2.
Ingrao G. Belloni P. Di Pietro S. Santaroni G. P. 《Biological trace element research》1990,(1):699-708
This study, which is part of a research program for the determination of trace element reference levels in various human tissues
for the Italian population, presents the concentrations of Se, Hg, Cr, Cs, Sc, Rb, Zn, Fe, Co, and Sb in lung, liver, spleen,
and kidney autopsy samples taken from 14 adult subjects of the Italian population who died from accidental causes. Concentrations
of the same trace elements are given also for blood and hair samples taken from subjects of the general Italian population
and of a population group living in a small coastal town that has an average annual fish consumption well above the national
average. The analytical method used was Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. The levels and distribution of the trace
elements in the various human organs examined are analyzed and discussed. 相似文献
3.
Yan G. Zorbas Youri F. Federenko Konstantin A. Naexu 《Biological trace element research》1994,40(1):71-82
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a daily intake of fluid and salt supplementation (FSS) on
blood plasma trace elements concentrations in physically healthy volunteers after exposure to 364 d of hypokinesia (decreased
number of steps per day). The studies were performed after exposure to 364 d of Hypokinesia (HK) on 30 long-distance runners
of volunteers who had a VO2 max 67 mL/kg/min and were ranging in the age of 19–24 yrs. Prior to their exposure to HK all volunteers were on an average
of 10,000 steps/d. For the simulation of the hypokinetic effect the volunteers were kept under an average of 3000 steps/d.
All volunteers were divided into three equal groups. The first group of volunteers subjected to HK and received daily FSS
(water 26 mL/kg body wt and sodium chloride 0.16 g/kg body wt.), the second groups of volunteers submitted only to HK, and
the third group of volunteers underwent a normal ambulatory life and served as control. The content of manganese, calcium,
magnesium, iron, lead, copper, tin, nickel, zinc and cobalamine were determined in blood plasma of volunteers. By the end
of the hypokinetic period the blood plasma concentration of microelements increased significantly in the hypokinetic subjects
(second group), whereas in the hyperhydrated subjects (first group) decreased. It was concluded that prolonged restriction
of motor activity induced significant increases in blood trace elements concentrations whereas daily hyperhydration had a
normalizing effect on their concentration in blood plasma. This indicates that daily hyperhydration may be used to normalize
blood plasma concentrations of microelements in physically healthy volunteers subjected to prolonged restriction of motor
activity. 相似文献
4.
Application of general tracer theory to the problem of estimating fluxes of tracee between the gastrointestinal tract and
the body proper, from observations of the movement of tracer, shows that a number of assumptions must be fulfilled. Two specific
sets of assumptions are discussed and, in both cases, measurement of tracer fluxes yields information on the integrated absorption
of the tracee. 相似文献
5.
K. Kostial D. Dekanić S. Telišman M. Blanuša S. Duvančić D. Prpić-Majić J. Pongračić 《Biological trace element research》1991,28(3):181-185
Nutritional factors are known to influence metabolism and toxicity of several metals in animal experiments, but relevant human data are scarce and inconclusive. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that dietary calcium influences lead metabolism in humans. Blood lead concentrations were used as indicators of lead exposure and metabolism. Two groups of peasant women living in similar conditions in two different regions in Yugoslavia (100 in each) were chosen as subjects for this purpose. In region A, the dietary calcium intake was about 940 mg, and in region B about two times lower, i.e., 450 mg/day. The average blood lead concentration was significantly lower in women from region A (69 micrograms/L) than from region B (83 micrograms/L). Our results support the assumption that adequate calcium intake might be one of the preventive measures for decreasing lead absorption. This new evidence, sought for some time by nutritionists and toxicologists, needs further international confirmation. 相似文献
6.
Vanadium was determined by radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) with proven accuracy in urine of workers occupationally
exposed to vanadium-rich dust in a vanadium pentoxide production plant, and values in the range of 3.02–762 ng/mL (median
33.0 ng/mL) were found. In a control group consisting of administrative workers of the plant, urinary vanadium levels were
found in the range of 1.05–53.4 ng/mL (median 2.53 ng/mL), whereas in an another control group of occupationally nonexposed
persons, these values amounted to 0.066–0.489 ng/mL (median 0.212 ng/mL).
Accuracy of the results was tested by analysis of reference material IAEA A-13 Animal Blood and NIST SRM-1515 Apple Leaves,
and very good agreement was found with literature and the NIST certified values, respectively. Unlike urine, no significant
differences were found for cystine levels in fingernails and hair of exposed and control persons. 相似文献
7.
A simple receptor modeling approach has been applied to groundwater pollution studies and has shown that maker trace elements
can be used effectively in source identification and apportionment. Groundwater and source materials from one coal-fired and
five oil-fired power plants, and one coal-tar deposit site have been analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis
for more than 20 minor and trace elements. In one of the oil-fired power plants, trace element patterns indicated a leak from
the hazardous waste surface impoundments owing to the failure of a hypolon liner. Also, the extent and spatial distribution
of groundwater contamination have been determined in a coal-tar deposit site. 相似文献
8.
INAA was used to determine selected trace elements—Ca, Al, P, and S—in 104 cleaned scalp hair samples from kidney dialysis
patients (n=54) and healthy controls (n=50) in order to explore any differences in these elements that might be related to prolonged dialysis and/or associated medication
in comparison with blood serum levels of Al and P measured in the same clinic at the time of hair sampling. After correction
for P (and Si) interference in Al content, it was observed that there were no significant differences (at 95% confidence level)
in hair Al and Ca, which had been expected, whereas while there were definite increases in P and S. Multivariant factor analysis
applied to the same data set, however, showed some multiple correlations among four variables: serum Al, duration of dialysis,
medication, and hair Al. 相似文献
9.
Yan G. Zorbas Andrei G. Kakurin Nikolai K. Kuznetsov Maxim A. Federov Yuri Y. Yaroshenko 《Biological trace element research》1998,63(2):149-166
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of magnesium (Mg) loading (10.0 mg Mg/kg body wt) and daily Mg supplements
(5.0 mg Mg/kg body wt) on Mg deficiency shown by increased and not by decreased serum Mg concentration during hypokinesia
(decreased km number/d).
The studies were done during 30 d of prehypokinesia and 364 d of hypokinesia (HK) periods. Forty endurance-trained volunteers
aged 22–26 yr with a peak VO2 max of 66.3 mL·kg−1 min−1 and with an average 15.0 km/d running distance were chose as subjects. They were equally divided into four groups:
The SHKS and SACS groups took daily 5.0 mg elemental Mg/kg body wt and subjected to Mg loading (10.0 mg Mg/kg body wt). Both
the SHKS and UHKS groups were maintained under an average running distance of 4.7 km/d, whereas the SACS and UACS groups did
not experience any modifications to their normal training routines and diets.
During the prehypokinetic and hypokinetic periods, excretion of Mg in feces and urine, concentration of Mg in serum, and Mg
balance were measured. urinary and serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) were also determined. In both SHKS and
UHKS groups, fecal Mg loss, urinary excretion of electrolytes, and serum concentrations of electrolytes increased significantly
(p≤0.05) when compared with the SACS and UACS groups. During Mg loading tests, urinary and fecal Mg excretion was also greater
in the SHKS and UHKS groups than in the SACS and UACS groups. Throughout the study, Mg balance was negative in the SHKS and
UHKS groups, whereas in the SACS and UACS groups, Mg balance was positive.
It was concluded that significant losses of Mg occurred in the presence of negative Mg balance and Mg deficiency in endurance-trained
subjects during prolonged exposure to HK, daily mg supplements, and Mg loading tests. This suggests that Mg is not entering
or being retaining by the bones and cells of many tissues where most Mg is deposited normally, resulting in Mg deficiency
as was shown by the increased serum Mg concentration. 相似文献
1. | Unsupplemented ambulatory control subjects (UACS). |
2. | Unsupplemented hypokinetic subjects (UHKS). |
3. | Supplemented hypokinetic subjects (SHKS). |
4. | Supplemented ambulatory control subjects (SACS). |
10.
To better understand the significance of hair trace-element measurements and their relationships with the trace-element levels
in body organs and fluids, a series of controlled animal experiments were conducted in which several trace elements were periodically
measured during a 90-day chronic exposure to selenium and cadmium. Chronic selenium exposure appeared to be reflected by elevated
selenium levels in the hair, kidneys, and liver. Chronic cadmium exposure, although reflected by kidney and liver elevation,
appeared not to be reflected by corresponding increases in its concentration in the hair. 相似文献
11.
Instrumental neutron activation analysis was performed to assess the exposure degree of a worker group from a copper smelter.
The results were compared with data of inhabitants of Kinshasa and Bandaka in Zaire. Excessive concentrations of Mg, Ca, V,
Co, Cu, As, and Cd were observed in the investigated group. The distribution patterns of trace elements are shown. The plots
of Cu concentration relations to selected elements, i. e., As, Co, and Zn, showed a plateau at about 300 ppm of Cu. 相似文献
12.
A. O. Çavdar M. Bahçeci N. Akar F. N. Dinçer J. Erten 《Biological trace element research》1991,30(1):81-85
Hair zinc concentration was measured in samples taken from 57 mothers who delivered infants with neural tube defects (NTD) (mainly anencephaly). Control groups consisted of 30 healthy mothers with normal offspring and 37 nonpregnant women from middle-income backgrounds. Zinc concentration was also measured in the hair of eight infants with NTD (four being anencephalic). The mean maternal hair zinc concentration in the NTD group (128.2 +/- 38.9 micrograms/g) was lower than that of the control women (p less than 0.001), whereas the mean hair zinc level of malformed babies (250.4 +/- 85.2 micrograms/g) was significantly higher than that of normal infants (193.4 +/- 39.2 micrograms/g) (p less than 0.05). Maternal nutritional zinc deficiency was thought to be one of the factors responsible for NTD in Turkey. 相似文献
13.
Study of trace elements in blood of cancer patients by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis
Durosinmi M. A. Ojo J. O. Oluwole A. F. Akanle O. A. Spyrou N. M. 《Biological trace element research》1994,(1):351-355
Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis was employed to determine the concentrations of six elements in the plasma and
erythrocytes of 18 cancer subjects (15 males and 3 females) with neoplastic disorders and in 70 controls (35 males and 35
females). It was found that the concentrations of Br, K, and Zn were significantly elevated in the erythrocytes of the cancer
subjects compared to the controls, whereas the concentration of Fe was significantly depressed, but with no difference observed
in the concentration of Ca. In the plasma, the concentrations of Br, Cu, Ca, and K were significantly elevated, whereas the
concentrations of Fe and Zn were found to be significantly depressed compared to the controls. 相似文献
14.
Yan G. Zorbas Youri F. Federenko Konstantin A. Naexu 《Biological trace element research》1994,41(3):253-267
The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect of daily intake of fluid and salt supplementation (FSS) on
increased urinary losses of microelements that developed during hypokinesia (decreased number of walking steps/d). The studies
were performed on 30 endurance-trained male volunteers aged 23–26 yr, with an averaged maximum oxygen uptake of 65 mL/kg/min
during 364 d of hypokinesia (HK). All volunteers were divided into three equal groups: Ten volunteers were placed continuously
under an average of 10,000 running steps/d (14.2 km/d) (control subjects), ten volunteers subjected continuously to HK without
the use of FSS (hypokinetic subjects), and ten volunteers were continuously submitted to HK and consumed daily FSS (hyperhydrated
subjects). For the simulation of the hypokinetic effect the hypokinetic and hyperhydrated volunteers were kept under an average
of 3,000 walking steps/d (2.7 km/d) for 364 d. Prior to their exposure to HK the volunteers were on an average of 10,000 running
steps/d (14.2 km/d). During the prehypokinetic period of 60 d and during the hypokinetic period of 364 d were determined renal
excretion of microelements responses of endurance-trained volunteers. In the hyperhydrated volunteers urinary excretion of
iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel, lead, tin, chromium, aluminum, molybdenum, and vanadium decreased, whereas
in the hypokinetic volunteers it increased significantly. It was concluded that chronic hyperhydration may be used to attenuate
urinary excretion of microelements in endurance-trained volunteers during prolonged restriction of muscular activity. 相似文献
15.
Andrási E. Nádasdi J. Molnar Zs. Bezur L. Ernyei L. 《Biological trace element research》1990,(1):691-698
A study was undertaken to determine the average values for elements in normal human brain (11 individuals, age group 65–75).
Twelve brain parts were selected from both hemispheres. Determinations were carried out by NAA and ICP-AES. The main elements
(Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, P, S) and trace elements (Al, B, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were investigated. Quality control was ensured
by using NBS Bovine Liver SRM. The results obtained with independent methods were compared, and the data show a good correlation.
On the basis of these investigations, the regional distribution of elements can be given. 相似文献
16.
The accumulation of Cd in the kidneys is enhanced markedly if chelating agents that contain SH-groups like 2,3 dimercaptopropanol
(BAL) are injected immediately after the metal. This is not a transient effect but persists for more than 3 d. It is less
pronounced at higher chelate doses or when the pH of urine is increased. Our experiments indicate that chelating agents, which
form unstable complexes at acid pH and are able to pass through the cell membrane, will cause metal accumulation in the kidneys. 相似文献
17.
Cheng Y. D. Zhuang G. S. Tan M. G. Zhi M. Zhou W. 《Biological trace element research》1990,(1):737-741
The correlations of essential element Se between human hair and kidney-cortex, liver, and lung from the same subjects were
investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, using the reaction76Se (n, γ)77mSe, for 24 Chinese autopsies. The concentration of Se is higher in kidney-cortex (2.04–5.36 mg/kg) than in liver (0.73–2.29),
lung (0.50–1.85), and hair (0.37–1.43). It is important to know that there are significant relationships of Se concentration
between hair and the other three internal organs. The correlation coefficient by linear regression analysis are 0.639, 0.570,
and 0.635 for liver, lung, and kidney-cortex, respectively; and theP values are all less than 0.01 for the three tissues. 相似文献
18.
Jacek Najda Jan Gminski Marian Drożdż Andrzej Flak 《Biological trace element research》1991,31(3):235-247
The influence of silicon treatment on the levels of lipid parameters of blood serum and aortic wall was studied in rats. The concentrations of total cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-phospholipids were measured in sera of rats receiving per os a soluble, inorganic silicon compound--sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3.9H2O)--dissolved in the drinking water. In the aortic tissue levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were estimated. An increase in HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipid concentrations, with a simultaneous decrease of LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels, was observed in the sera of the tested group. The levels of total cholesterol and phospholipids in the sera, as well as the concentrations of lipids in the aortic walls, showed no significant differences. The results obtained could provide evidence for the existence of an additional mechanism of silicon antiatheromatous action, concerning the modification of activity of enzymatic systems involved in lipids metabolism. 相似文献
19.
Vandecasteele Carlo Vanhoe Hans Dams Richard Versieck Jacques 《Biological trace element research》1990,(1):553-560
The determination of trace and ultratrace elements in human serum by ICP-MS is described. The accuracy of the method is tested
using a “second generation” human serum reference material. Elements determined include Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, and
Cs. The method is compared to nuclear analytical methods (NAA, PIXE). Perspectives for the future are also discussed. 相似文献
20.
Mary Ellen Druyan Dean Bass Richard Puchyr Karen Urek David Quig Emmett Harmon William Marquardt 《Biological trace element research》1998,62(3):183-197
Expected values, reference ranges, or reference limits are necessary to enable clinicians to apply analytical chemical data
in the delivery of health care. Determination of references ranges is not straightforward in terms of either selecting a reference
population or performing statistical analysis. In light of logistical, scientific, and economic obstacles, it is understandable
that clinical laboratories often combine approaches in developing health associated reference values. A laboratory may choose
to:
Effects of external contamination and anecdotal information from clinicians may be considered.
The clinical utility of hair analysis is well accepted for some elements. For others, it remains in the realm of clinical
investigation. This article elucidates an approach for establishment of reference ranges for elements in human scalp hair.
Observed levels of analytes from hair specimens from both our laboratory’s total patient population and from a physician-defined
healthy American population have been evaluated. Examination of levels of elements often associated with toxicity serves to
exemplify the process of determining reference ranges in hair. In addition the approach serves as a model for setting reference
ranges for analytes in a variety of matrices. 相似文献
1. | Validate either reference ranges of other laboratories or published data from clinical research or both, through comparison of patients test data. |
2. | Base the laboratory’s reference values on statistical analysis of results from specimens assayed by the clinical reference laboratory itself. |
3. | Adopt standards or recommendations of regulatory agencies and governmental bodies. |
4. | Initiate population studies to validate transferred reference ranges or to determine them anew. |