北京市2型糖尿病患者抑郁状况的横断面调查及其危险因素分析

目的:探讨北京市2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者抑郁症发病情况及其危险因素,为T2DM合并抑郁症的防治提供依据。方法:采取横断面调查的方法对2016年1月-2016年12月中国人民解放军总医院健康管理研究院体检中患T2DM的3000例患者随机抽取1200例进行调查,所有患者进行Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)测评,根据SDS结果分为T2DM合并抑郁症组和T2DM非抑郁症组。应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归法分析T2DM合并抑郁症的危险因素。结果:北京市T2DM患者抑郁症患病率为21.93%,不同性别T2DM患者抑郁症患病率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。单因素分析显示,北京市T2DM患者抑郁症发病与糖尿病病程、运动情况、胰岛素治疗、并发症情况、糖化血红蛋白有关(P0.05),与饮食控制、血糖监测情况、收缩压、舒张压、胆固醇、甘油三酯无关(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示糖尿病病程≥10年、胰岛素治疗、并发症≥3个、糖化血红蛋白≥8.0%是北京市T2DM患者抑郁症发病的危险因素(P0.05),经常运动是北京市T2DM患者抑郁症发病的保护性因素(P0.05)。结论:北京市T2DM患者抑郁症患病率为21.93%,糖尿病病程≥10年、胰岛素治疗、并发症≥3个、糖化血红蛋白≥8.0%是北京市T2DM患者抑郁症发病的危险因素,经常运动是北京市T2DM患者抑郁症发病的保护性因素。     

2型糖尿病患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变的关系及其影响因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变的关系,分析影响T2DM心律失常和下肢血管病变的因素。方法:选择2019年7月到2020年6月我院收治的82例T2DM患者,根据是否合并心律失常分为心律失常组28例和无心律失常组54例,根据是否合并下肢血管病变分为下肢血管病变组31例和无下肢血管病变组51例。所有患者均通过72 h监测血糖获得日内平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、日间血糖平均绝对差(MODD)、全天血糖标准差(SDBG)、全天血糖波动次数(NGE)。比较组间差异,分析影响T2DM患者心律失常和下肢血管病变的因素。结果:心律失常组MAGE、MODD、SDBG、NGE、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、T2DM病程、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、丙二醛(MDA)高于无心律失常组(P<0.05)。下肢血管病变组T2DM病程、Hcy、MDA、HOMA-IR、MAGE、MODD、SDBG、NGE均高于无下肢血管病变组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示MDA、HOMA-IR、MAGE、MODD是T2DM患者心律失常的危险因素(P<0.001),MAGE、MODD、SDBG是T2DM患者下肢血管病变的危险因素(P<0.001)。结论:T2DM患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变均有关,血糖波动增加是T2DM心律失常和下肢血管病变的危险因素。     

2型糖尿病患者血清MCP-1与下肢大血管病变的相关性

目的:讨论2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1;MCP-1)与下肢大血管病变的相关性。方法:(1)2型糖尿病患者61例,根据是否合并下肢大血管病变,分成无下肢大血管病变组(30例)、合并下肢大血管病变组(31例)与正常对照组(20例)对比,用双抗体夹心ELISA法测出血清MCP-1,比较组间血清MCP-1水平的异常。(2)测出各组甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、纤维蛋白原等水平,分析各指标和2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性。结果:(1)2型糖尿病组血清MCP-1水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),合并下肢大血管病变组血清MCP-1水平明显高于无下肢大血管病变组和正常对照组(P<0.05),(2)以T2DM组为整体,有无下肢大血管病变为因变量Y(有=1,无=0),用MCP-1等其它危险因素为自变量,Logstic回归分析,病程、收缩压和MCP-1入回归方程。结论:MCP-1可能是T2DM下肢大血管病变的一个重要的独立危险因素。     

2型糖尿病患者血清RANTES与下肢大血管病变的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清RANTES与下肢大血管病变的相关性.方法:(1)T2DM 61例,根据是否合并下肢大血管病变,分为非下肢大血管病变组(30例)和下肢大血管病变组(31例),与正常对照组20例比较,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定血清RANTES,比较三组间血清RANTES水平的差异.(2)测定各组TG、TC、LDL、Hd1-ch、、FPG、HbA1c、FIB等水平,分析其与2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性.结果:(1)2型糖尿病组血清RANTES水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),下肢大血管病变组血清RANTES水平明显高于非下肢大血管病变组和正常对照组(P<0.05),(2)以T2DM组为整体,有无下肢大血管病变为因变量Y(有=1,无=0),以RANTES等其它危险因素为自变量,进行Logstic回归分析,SBP、病程和RANTES入回归方程.结论:RANTES可能是T2DM下肢大血管病变的一个重要的独立危险因素.     

社区2型糖尿病患者血糖自我管理水平调查及并发糖尿病周围神经病变的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：调查社区2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血糖自我管理水平及分析T2DM并发糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的影响因素。方法：于2016年6月~2017年6月期间采用整群随机抽样法随机抽取苏州市6个社区符合纳排标准的539例T2DM患者进行问卷调查,了解社区T2DM患者血糖自我管理水平情况,对患者进行体格检查并检测血生化指标,统计社区T2DM患者的DPN发生情况,采用多因素logistic回归分析T2DM患者并发DPN的影响因素。结果：本次研究共发放调查问卷539份,实际回收531份,其中T2DM并发DPN者86例,根据是否并发DPN将所有入选患者分为DPN组（n=86）和无DPN组（n=445）。社区T2DM患者的糖尿病自我管理行为量表（SDSCA）平均得分率为（49.38±5.23）%,DPN组和无DPN组在病程、体质量指数（BMI）、腰围、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、低 密 度 脂 蛋 白（LDL-C）、血 尿 素 氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Cr）、合并外周动脉疾病（PAD）、合并糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）中比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示：病程≥7年、HbAlc≥8 mmol/L、合并PAD、合并DR、BMI≥25 kg/m²是社区 T2DM患者并发DPN的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：苏州市6个社区的T2DM患者血糖自我管理水平较低,且T2DM并发DPN的概率较高,病程≥7年、HbAlc≥8 mmol/L、合并PAD、合并DR、BMI≥25 kg/m²均是社区 T2DM患者并发DPN的危险因素,临床可对上述危险因素采取积极有效的措施,以有效降低T2DM并发DPN的发生率。     

2型糖尿病发生大血管并发症的危险因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者发生大血管并发症的危险因素.方法:选取哈尔滨医科医科大学附属第四医院内分泌科2012年1月至2012年12月住院的2型糖尿病患者共计200例,根据相关辅助检查结果将其分为2型糖尿病无大血管并发症(DMl)组和2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症(DM2)组,比较2组患者血清胆红素水平及相关指标的差异.应用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析法对2型糖尿病大血管并发症危险因素建立方程.结果:2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症组患者血清胆红素水平低于2型糖尿病无大血管并发症组(P＜0.01),以糖尿病合并大血管并发症为因变量,年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆红素、总胆固醇、直接胆红素、间接胆红素水平为自变量,进行Logistic逐步回归分析,结果显示病程、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、年龄和总胆固醇是2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症的独立危险因素,血清胆红素水平是其保护性因素.结论:病程、年龄、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总胆固醇水平是2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症的独立危险因素,而血清胆红素水平是其保护性因素.     

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝患者的临床特征及与慢性并发症的关系研究

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)患者的临床特征,并分析其与糖尿病慢性并发症的关系。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月期间来我院就诊的T2DM患者245例作为研究对象,根据肝胆超声和生化检查结果,将单纯T2DM患者105例作为对照组,将T2DM合并NAFLD患者140例作为观察组,对比两组的一般情况和生化指标,并采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析T2DM合并NAFLD与大血管慢性病的关系。结果:与对照组比较,观察组病程较短,HDL-C水平较低,BMI、SBP、TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、HbA1c、FINS、INS-120、HOMA-IR、FPG、2 h PG、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽水平较高(P0.05)。观察组大血管发病率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,T2DM合并NAFLD患者合并大血管慢性病的影响因素依次是:BMI、HOMA-IR、SBP、LDL-C、HbA1c、TG。结论:合并NAFLD的T2DM患者糖尿病大血管慢性病发病率显著增加,合并NAFLD的影响因素依次为BMI、HOMA-IR、SBP、LDL-C、HbA1c、TG。     

2型糖尿病患者血清LDL，CysC与动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的:分析2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、胱抑素C(CysC)与动脉粥样硬化(AS)的相关性。方法:选取2型糖尿病患者300名,根据颈动脉内膜中膜厚度分为非动脉粥样硬化斑块组(n=109)和动脉粥样硬化斑块组(n=191),并对动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:(1)Pearson相关分析显示,LDL、CysC水平与IMT值呈正相关(P0.05)。(2)单因素分析示,非AS组和AS组两组间LDL(t=8.876,P0.05)、CysC(t=7.985,P0.05)、HbA1c(t=9.912,P0.05)、Hs-CRP(t=12.461,P0.05)、年龄(t=7.114,P0.05)、UA((t=8.618,P0.05)间差异有统计学意义;(3)多因素Logistic回归分析示,LDL、CysC、HbA1c、年龄是T2DM并AS的独立危险因素(P0.05);结论:LDL与CysC水平是T2DM并AS的独立危险因素。     

糖尿病合并肺结核患者诱导耐药性危险因素的回归分析

目的:研究2型糖尿病(Type 2 Diabetes,T2DM)合并肺结核(Tuberculosis,TB)患者诱导耐药性危险因素的回归分析。方法:从2012年3月到2013年3月,于我院共计有124例患者被确诊为肺结核,将其作为研究对象。根据患者是否合并有2型糖尿病,将其分成观察组(49例)及对照组(75例)。对全部患者进行耐药性实验,分别经单因素分析及Logistic回归性分析寻找诱导耐药性的危险因素。结果:观察组在治疗过程中断、有吸烟习惯、依从性差、病程≥1年、HbAlc值≥6.5%等方面所占比例显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。由多因素分析可知,治疗过程中断、有吸烟习惯、依从性差、病程≥1年、HbAlc值≥6.5%等均为糖尿病合并肺结核患者的危险因素。结论:T2DM合并TB患者诱导耐药性的危险因素较多,临床应重点关注,并采取相应措施,从而为临床治疗提供更为有利的条件。     

微量白蛋白尿与2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征的相关性

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者微量白蛋白尿与代谢综合征(MS)的相关性。方法:282例T2DM患者根据是否合并MS分为MS组(163例)和非MS组(119例),测定24h尿白蛋白(UAlb)及相关生化指标,比较两组UAlb水平及糖尿病肾病(DN)患病率,采用多元Logistic回归方法分析T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿的危险因素。结果:MS组的UAlb及DN患病率明显高于非MS组,且随着MS组分增加,UAlb水平显著升高。多元Logistic回归分析表明甘油三酯、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压为影响UAlb的独立危险因素。结论:T2DM患者微量白蛋白尿与MS密切相关,需采取综合干预措施避免或延缓DN的发生发展。     

Differential Effects of Drug Interventions and Dietary Lifestyle in Developing Type 2 Diabetes and Complications: A Systems Biology Analysis in LDLr?/? Mice

Excess caloric intake leads to metabolic overload and is associated with development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Current disease management concentrates on risk factors of the disease such as blood glucose, however with limited success. We hypothesize that normalizing blood glucose levels by itself is insufficient to reduce the development of T2DM and complications, and that removal of the metabolic overload with dietary interventions may be more efficacious. We explored the efficacy and systems effects of pharmaceutical interventions versus dietary lifestyle intervention (DLI) in developing T2DM and complications. To mimic the situation in humans, high fat diet (HFD)-fed LDLr−/− mice with already established disease phenotype were treated with ten different drugs mixed into HFD or subjected to DLI (switch to low-fat chow), for 7 weeks. Interventions were compared to untreated reference mice kept on HFD or chow only. Although most of the drugs improved HFD-induced hyperglycemia, drugs only partially affected other risk factors and also had limited effect on disease progression towards microalbuminuria, hepatosteatosis and atherosclerosis. By contrast, DLI normalized T2DM risk factors, fully reversed hepatosteatosis and microalbuminuria, and tended to attenuate atherogenesis. The comprehensive beneficial effect of DLI was reflected by normalized metabolite profiles in plasma and liver. Analysis of disease pathways in liver confirmed reversion of the metabolic distortions with DLI. This study demonstrates that the pathogenesis of T2DM towards complications is reversible with DLI and highlights the differential effects of current pharmacotherapies and their limitation to resolve the disease.     

2型糖尿病患者肝损伤标志物与下肢动脉病变的相关性分析

目的：探讨2型糖尿病患者肝损伤标志物水平与其下肢动脉病变的相关性,为2型糖尿病并发症的防治提供参考依据。方法：选取我院收治的2型糖尿病患者946例,根据下肢动脉内膜中层厚度分为以下3组,即无动脉硬化组（276例）、单纯性动脉硬化组（598例）和动脉硬化伴管腔狭窄或闭塞组（72例）。分析和比较三组之间肝损伤标志物谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）水平的差异,及其与2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉硬化程度的相关性。结果：随着动脉硬化程度的加重,2型糖尿病患者的ALT水平逐渐升高,三组之间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。动脉硬化伴管腔狭窄或闭塞组AST水平显著高于非动脉硬化组和单纯性下肢动脉硬化组,而动脉硬化组和非动脉硬化组之间AsT水平比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）。三组之间γ-谷氨酰转肽酶水平比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。Spearman等级相关分析显示ALT与糖尿病下肢动脉硬化的相关系数为0．30484。结论：2型糖尿病患者ALT水平与其下肢动脉硬化程度显著相关。     

2 型糖尿病患者肝损伤标志物与下肢动脉病变的相关性分析

目的：探讨2 型糖尿病患者肝损伤标志物水平与其下肢动脉病变的相关性,为2 型糖尿病并发症的防治提供参考依据。方 法：选取我院收治的2 型糖尿病患者946 例,根据下肢动脉内膜中层厚度分为以下3 组,即无动脉硬化组(276 例)、单纯性动脉硬 化组(598 例)和动脉硬化伴管腔狭窄或闭塞组(72 例)。分析和比较三组之间肝损伤标志物谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平的差异,及其与2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉硬化程度的相关性。结果：随着动脉硬化程度的加重,2 型糖尿病患者的ALT 水平逐渐升高,三组之间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。动脉硬化伴管腔狭窄或闭塞组AST 水平显著高于非动脉硬化组和单纯性下肢动脉硬化组,而动脉硬化组和非动脉硬化组之间AST 水平比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。三组之间γ-谷氨酰转肽酶水平比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。Spearman 等级相关分析显示ALT 与糖尿病下肢动脉硬化的相关系数为0.30484。结论：2型糖尿病患者ALT 水平与其下肢动脉硬化程度显著相关。     

Assessment of serum tenascin-C and growth differentiation factor-15 among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome

BackgroundHigh prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a higher prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Inflammation is one of the important contributors to the pathogenesis and complications of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) and Tenascin-C (TNC) play an important role in the initiation of atherosclerotic plaque as well as its rupture. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between serum GDF-15, TNC, and the risk of ACS among T2DM patients.MethodsAnthropometric parameters, routine biochemical investigations like liver and renal function tests, lipid profile, and Creatine Kinase-Total (CK-T), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured in 42 T2DM patients with ACS and 42 T2DM patients. Serum GDF-15 and TNC were measured by Human Sandwich-ELISA kits.ResultsSerum GDF-15 and TNC levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with ACS as compared to T2DM patients. Serum GDF-15 was significantly correlated with waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, pulse, serum CK-T, and CK-MB. Serum TNC was significantly correlated with the pulse, serum CK-T, CK-MB, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and blood urea nitro GEN. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that waist circumference was independently positively associated with serum GDF-15.ConclusionsT2DM patients with higher serum GDF-15 and TNC levels were at higher risk of acute coronary syndrome independent of other cardiovascular risk factors.     

2型糖尿病与骨质疏松多因素影响的研究进展

摘要：随着人们生活水平的不断提高以及国人寿命的不断延长,2型糖尿病（T2DM）＆骨质疏松（OP）的发病率在全世界范围呈现增高趋势。T2DM并发OP受着性别、年龄、病程、高血糖、糖基化终末产物过多、胰岛素、慢性并发症、肥胖、瘦素、饮食、运动及降糖药物的多种因素影响。骨质疏松症作为糖尿病慢性并发症之一,已严重影响患者的生活质量,T2DM患者在控制血糖同时,应预防其相关因素,定期进行骨密度测定是极为重要的,临床医生应给予高度重视,进行早期预防和治疗。     

Macroangiopathy in adults and children with diabetes: from molecular mechanisms to vascular damage (part 1).

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasing problem in childhood; however type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains by far the most common type of diabetes in this age group. In this review we will focus on T1DM, because this will have the greatest implication for patients diagnosed in childhood. During the atherosclerotic process, several molecular, receptorial and cellular factors provide a continous mechanism of vascular damage. In diabetic children this state seems to be enhanced and facilitated so that accelerated atherosclerosis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in respect to the non diabetic population. Hyperglycemia PER SE and associated with diabetes is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis. At present a substantial part of children with diabetes do not reach satisfactory glycemic control. Other risk factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis may be inherited or develop in the course of the disease: hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, disturbance of platelet function, coagulation and fibrinolysis. The development and progression of atherosclerosis should be blocked at an early age, if possible. Primary prevention to all risk factors for cardiovascular disease is important and intervention is indicated if necessary. At the moment the best therapeutic strategy is to maintain metabolic control at a physiologic level and perform screening and early intervention for vascular complications.     

Alterations in circulating angiogenic and anti‐angiogenic factors in type 2 diabetic patients with neuropathy

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common diabetic chronic complications. There is an increased attention directed towards the role of angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti‐angiogenic factors including soluble endoglin (sEng) as contributors to diabetic microvascular complications including neuropathy. The purposes of this study were to determine the role of these angiogenesis regulators in the prognosis of DPN. The study group included 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 20 clinically healthy individuals. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I included 20 T2DM patients without peripheral neuropathy, and Group II consisted of 40 T2DM patients with DPN. In all groups, plasma VEGF, sEng and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), nitric oxide and ET‐1 mRNA were estimated. Plasma levels of VEGF, sEng, ET‐1 and nitric oxide were significantly elevated in diabetic patients (Groups I and II) compared with healthy control subjects, with a higher increase in their levels in patients with DPN compared with diabetic patients without peripheral neuropathy. Measurement of plasma levels of angiogenesis‐related biomarkers in high‐risk diabetic patients might identify who later develop DPN, thus providing opportunities for early detection and targets for novel treatments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Socio-economic position and type 2 diabetes risk factors: patterns in UK children of South Asian, black African-Caribbean and white European origin

Background

Socio-economic position (SEP) and ethnicity influence type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in adults. However, the influence of SEP on emerging T2DM risks in different ethnic groups and the contribution of SEP to ethnic differences in T2DM risk in young people have been little studied. We examined the relationships between SEP and T2DM risk factors in UK children of South Asian, black African-Caribbean and white European origin, using the official UK National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC) and assessed the extent to which NS-SEC explained ethnic differences in T2DM risk factors.

Methods and Findings

Cross-sectional school-based study of 4,804 UK children aged 9–10 years, including anthropometry and fasting blood analytes (response rates 70%, 68% and 58% for schools, individuals and blood measurements). Assessment of SEP was based on parental occupation defined using NS-SEC and ethnicity on parental self-report. Associations between NS-SEC and adiposity, insulin resistance (IR) and triglyceride differed between ethnic groups. In white Europeans, lower NS-SEC status was related to higher ponderal index (PI), fat mass index, IR and triglyceride (increases per NS-SEC decrement [95%CI] were 1.71% [0.75, 2.68], 4.32% [1.24, 7.48], 5.69% [2.01, 9.51] and 3.17% [0.96, 5.42], respectively). In black African-Caribbeans, lower NS-SEC was associated with lower PI (−1.12%; [−2.01, −0.21]), IR and triglyceride, while in South Asians there were no consistent associations between NS-SEC and T2DM risk factors. Adjustment for NS-SEC did not appear to explain ethnic differences in T2DM risk factors, which were particularly marked in high NS-SEC groups.

Conclusions

SEP is associated with T2DM risk factors in children but patterns of association differ by ethnic groups. Consequently, ethnic differences (which tend to be largest in affluent socio-economic groups) are not explained by NS-SEC. This suggests that strategies aimed at reducing social inequalities in T2DM risk are unlikely to reduce emerging ethnic differences in T2DM risk.