New nomenclatural combinations inCentaureinae (Asteraceae)

New nomenclatural combinations are proposed for species of the following genera:Acosta Adans. (37),Colymbada Hill em. Holub (44),Cyanus Mill. (2) andJacea Mill. (3), altogether 86 new combinations.     

江西东北部兔儿风属一新种(菊科)

该文描述了江西东北部菊科兔儿风属一新种——婺源兔儿风(Ainsliaea wuyuanensis Z.H.Chen,Y.L.Xu et X.F.Jin),并附有线描图和彩色照片。婺源兔儿风是密聚组(Sect.Aggregatae Beauv.)一个非常特殊的种,与本组的其他种类区别很大。从叶脉类型来看与粗齿兔儿风(A.grossedentata Franch.)比较接近,区别在于其叶片较大,菱形或菱状卵形,长11～17 cm,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,叶缘中上部具1～2对裂片状粗大锯齿,两面无毛;叶柄长2～14 cm;总苞片顶端锐尖;瘦果较长,密被污黄色糙毛。     

Cytogenetic variations in eight species of Saussurea DC. (Asteraceae,Cardueae) from Northwest Himalaya

The genus Saussurea comprises many species with highly medicinal, religious or other economical values. The chromosome number in the genus ranges from 2n = 24 to 108, based on x = 12, 13, 16, or 17, but the primary base number is still not clear. The present meiotic study cover 8 species (14 populations) of Saussurea from the Northwest Himalayas, and add new or varied cytotypes, as an attempt to solve the enigmatic cytogenetic variations in the genus. The chromosome numbers in Saussurea auriculata (n = 16) is new to the world, while S. costus (n = 17), S. jacea (n = 17) and S. roylei (n = 17) reveal the varied cytotypes at world level. Besides, S. taraxicifolia (n = 16) is a first ever report for Indian populations. The meiotic studies on different populations reveal a substantial amount of meiotic abnormalities in the form of chromosome stickiness, un-oriented bivalents, cytomixis, laggards, etc. leading to the meiocytes with less (aneuploidy) or more (polyploidy) chromosome numbers. These abnormalities may produce unreduced pollen grains and adversely affect pollen viability. The high number of these meiotic abnormalities may be responsible for the chromosome number variation in the genus.     

Achene morphology of Saussurea species (Asteraceae,Cardueae) in Korea and its systematic implications

Achene size and shape, surface sculpturing, and pericarp and testa wall structure of 23 Korean Saussurea spp. were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy to evaluate the infrageneric relationships and assess their systematic significance. Achene size categories and thickness of the testa epidermis were distinguished using biometric measurements. Four basic types of surface pattern were observed: (1) lineate; (2) striate; (3) reticulate; and (4) colliculate. Saussurea rorinsanensis was found to have some unique achene characteristics, such as a fusiform achene, uniform pappus, presence of epidermal hairs and tangentially elongated, narrow testa epidermal cells. The characteristic achene features for species were found to be achene size and shape, hilum position, surface sculpture, pappus composition, morphology of the pericarp wall and thickness of the testa epidermis. Based on 16 morphological and achene characters, a cladistic analysis resolved three well‐supported clades, with S. eriophylla as the first‐branching taxon. Saussurea pulchella and S. japonica, both belonging to Saussurea subgenus Theodorea, were distant from each other in the 50% majority rule consensus tree and the character distribution cladogram. This cladistic analysis of achene morphology and anatomy should be regarded as giving us a tentative picture of the phylogenetics of Saussurea, and this study may serve as a reference for future hypotheses and studies on the characterization and classification of Saussurea spp. in Korea.     

A taxonomic and nomenclatural note on Hieracium caesium (Asteraceae)

The only specimen suitable for typification of Hieracium caesium was discovered in UPS and is here designated as the lectotype. This name appears to have been misapplied and superfluous when originally published at specific rank, but is legitimate according to Art. 52.3. Correct names proposed for three species of the group Caesia (H. caesium = H. basifolium, H. laeticolor and H. plumbeum) are given with infraspecific variants and some more important synonyms. The names H. caesium subsp. laeticolor, H. imitans, H. caesium var. nemorum, H. plumbeum are also lectotypified. Two new combinations H. caesium var. basifolium and H. caesium var. imitans are proposed.     

New species of Mexican Asteraceae

Four new species of Asteraceae from Mexico are described:Iostephane papposa,Verbesina costata,Verbesina sousae, andSabazia trifida. Illustrations of the new species are provided.     

Microsatellite markers for Saussurea gnaphalodes (Asteraceae), a native Himalayan mountain species

? Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed in Saussurea gnaphalodes to investigate its genetic variation and population structure. ? Methods and Results: Using the combined biotin capture method, 46 microsatellite primer sets were isolated and characterized across 48 S. gnaphalodes individuals from three Tibetan populations. Seventeen of these markers showed polymorphism, and the number of alleles ranged from two to 17. The observed and expected heterozygosities per population ranged from 0 to 0.938 and from 0 to 0.905, respectively. ? Conclusions: These markers provide a useful tool to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of S. gnaphalodes, and to facilitate further studies on conservation and utilization.     

New species and other nomenclatural changes for ferns from Bolivia

We describe 11 new pteridophyte species belonging to various families from Bolivia: Dennstaedtiaceae:Hypolepis, scandens, Hypolepis minima; Pteridaceae:Cheilanthes glutinosa, Eriosorus angustus, E. ascendens, E. madidiensis; Tectariaceae:Tectaria jimenezii; and Woodsiaceae:Athyrium latinervatum. Diplazium bipinnatum, D. bolivianum, D. yuyoense. The following new combinations are proposed:Anemia australis, Diplazium andicola, D. andinum, andD. petiolulatum.Polystichum maximum is proposed as a new name forPolystichum giganteum.     

New species, nomenclatural changes and lectotypifications in Neotropical Lepidagathis Willd. (Acanthaceae)

Summary  Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of the Neotropical genus Lophostachys showed that it is congeneric with Lepidagathis. The following new combinations of species previously described under Lophostachys are proposed: Lepidagathis chiapensis (Acosta) Kameyama, L. cyanea (Leonard) Kameyama, L. guatemalensis (Donn. Sm.) Kameyama, L. laxifolia (Nees) Kameyama, L. montana (Nees) Kameyama, L. nemoralis (Mart. ex Nees) Kameyama, L. soconuscana (T. F. Daniel) Kameyama, and L. uxpanapensis (Acosta) Kameyama. Five new species are described: Lepidagathis callistachys, L. cuneiformis, L. meridionalis, L. paraensis and L. wasshausenii. Three lectotypes are also designated. A key to the Neotropical secundiflorous species is provided.     

A new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae) from Tibet and its systematic position based on ITS sequence analysis

A new species of Saussurea , S. erecta S. W. Liu, J. T. Pan & J. Q. Liu sp. nov. , is described from Tibet. It resembles S. kingii but may be distinguished by having distinct stems and glabrous achenes. Saussurea kingii was placed in sect. Pseudoeriocoryne of subgen. Eriocoryne ; this section was circumscribed by acaulescence and an inflorescence with congested capitula surrounded by a rosette of leaves. The discovery of S. erecta with distinct stems, cauline leaves and corymbose capitula blurred the delimitation of sect. Pseudoeriocoryne and suggested that the section may be polyphyletic. Both the close relationship and the significant difference between S. erecta and S. kingii were confirmed by analyses of nrDNA ITS sequences. The resulting phylogenies based on ITS data further suggest that Saussurea sect. Pseudoeriocoryne , as traditionally defined, does not constitute a monophyletic group. The rapid radiation and speciation of Saussurea in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, as inferred from ITS phylogeny, are discussed.  © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2005, 147 , 349–356.     

封面植物简介——羽裂雪兔子

羽裂雪兔子(Saussurea leucoma Diels)隶属菊科风毛菊属,为我国特有的多年生草本植物。植株高7～15cm。茎单生直立,被稠密的叶。茎中下部叶有柄,线状披针形,长3～5cm,宽0.5～2.5cm,羽状深裂,叶背灰白色,被蛛网状绒毛至绵毛;最上部叶无柄,线形,常反折,叶两面密被黄白色绵毛。头状花序多数,在膨     

New species of llerasia (Asteraceae: Astereae) from Peru

Two new species from Peru,Llerasia pascoensis Sagást. & Dillon andLl. sanmartinensis Sagást. & Dillon are described and illustrated, and their relationships discussed. A key to the Peruvian species ofLlerasia is presented. Also, a notable range extension into northern Peru is reported forLl. lindenii Triana, a species previously known only from Colombia and Ecuador.     

New taxa and nomenclatural changes in arceuthobium (viscaceae)

The following new taxa are recognized inArceuthobium: subgeneraArceuthobium andVaginata; sectionsVaginata, Campylopoda, andMinuta; seriesCampylopoda,Rubra, andStricta; speciesA. apachecum,A. californicum,A. guatemalense,A. hondurense, andA. pini; new formae spécialesA. abietinum f. sp.concoloris,A. abietinum f. sp.magnificae. New combinations:A. abietinum (Engelm.) Hawksworth & Wiens, andA. microcarpum (Engelm.) Hawksworth & Wiens.     

New variety and nomenclatural changes in neotropical Gaultheria (ericaceae)

Gaultheria sclerophylla var.hirsuta Luteyn from Ecuador is described, illustrated, and discussed, and the following new combinations are validated:Gaultheria buxifolia var.elassantha (A. C. Smith) Luteyn,G. buxifolia var.secunda (E. J. Remy) Luteyn,G. lanigera var. rufolanata (Sleumer) Luteyn,G. strigosa var.revoluta (A. C. Smith) Luteyn,G. eriophylla var.mucronata (E. J. Remy) Luteyn,G. alnifolia var.grata (A. C. Smith) Luteyn,G. serrata (Vell. Conc.) Sleumer ex Kinoshita-Gouvêa.     

封面植物简介——羽裂雪兔子

羽裂雪兔子(Saussurea leucoma Diels)隶属菊科风毛菊属,为我国特有的多年生草本植物。植株高7～15cm。茎单生直立,被稠密的叶。茎中下部叶有柄,线状披针形,长3～5cm,宽0.5～2.5cm,羽状深裂,叶背灰白色,被蛛网状绒毛至绵毛;最上部叶无柄,线形,常反折,叶两面密被黄白色绵毛。头状花序多数,在膨大的茎顶密集成半球形,直径约4～6cm;总苞片3～4层。小花管状,蓝紫色。瘦果黑色,倒圆锥形;冠毛黑     

New species and combinations in Kleinia (Asteraceae) from the Horn of Africa

The new species Kleinia tuberculata , from open deciduous bushland on gypsum hills and gypseous limestone in northern and north-eastern Somalia, K. curvata , from evergreen bushland on limestone in northern Somalia, K. sabulosa , from deciduous bushland on sand in central Somalia, K. ogadensis , from deciduous bushland in eastern Ethiopia, K. gracilis , from dwarf bushland on limestone in north-eastern Somalia, and K. tortuosa , from alkaline plains in northern Somalia, are described, and for some of them illustrations are provided. The new combinations K. nogalensis and K. lunulata are made, and the recently described K. isabellae from eastern Ethiopia is placed in synonymy of K. lunulata.     

青藏高原东缘常见种长毛风毛菊(Saussurea hieracioides)的繁殖分配

对分布在青藏高原东缘高寒草甸常见种长毛风毛菊的6个海拔梯度(3200～3850m)18个居群的繁殖分配进行了研究,结果表明:长毛风毛菊随海拔的升高个体和营养器官减小,繁殖的投入增加;随着海拔的升高,长毛风毛菊的个体管状小花数目和种子数目减少,管状小花重量和百粒重增大;个体管状小花的数目及重量和个体种子的数目及重量间存在权衡关系;长毛风毛菊的个体大小和繁殖分配存在负相关关系。在资源受限的环境下,长毛风毛菊以减少管状小花数目和种子的数目来增加管状小花重量和百粒重,是保证有性繁殖成功的策略之一。     

A classification of the New World species of Aster (Asteraceae)

In order effectively to list and comment on the results of cytological investigations inAster in a companion paper, a scheme of infrageneric classification is presented which utilizes the basic chromosome number as a pivotal diagnostic character. Reasons are stated as to why, with the exception ofUnamia Greene which is transferred toSolidago, and the commonly recognized generaLeucelene Greene,Machaeranthera Nees andXylorhiza Nutt., none of the segregate genera previously proposed or recorded in the literature is upheld. Instead, these taxa are being given subgeneric or sectional rank. Two additional subgenera are established to accommodate the species groups traditionally placed in “Aster proper,” which are characterized by having basic chromosome numbers ofx = 5 andx = 8, respectively. Altogether ten subgenera of the genusAster, five of them subdivided further into a total of 24 sections, are recognized as having representative species in the New World. All basionyms and type species are listed, and a number of new combinations and status changes are validated in accordance with the International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature. Where known (from literature and personal research), chromosome numbers are recorded for the species.     

New taxa and nomenclatural combinations in Malesian Bauhinia (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae)

The following new taxa have been described Bauhinia foraminifera var. falcata var. nov., B. kockiana var. angustifolia var. nov., B. kockiana var. bakoensis var. nov., B. kockiana var. beccarii var. nov., B. kockiana var. brevipedicellata var. nov., B. kockiana var. calcicola var. nov., B. merrilliana var. borneensis var. nov., B. pachyphylla var. wenzelii var. nov., B. semibifida var. acuminata var. nov., B. semibifida var. bruneiana var. nov., B. semibifida var. longebracfeata var. nov., B. stipularis var. brachystylus var. nov., B. wrayi var. blumeana var. nov., and B. wrayi var. borneensis var. nov.
The following new combinations have been made: Bauhinia ahemiana var. subglabra comb. nov., B. ampla var. schlechteri stat. nov., B. bidentata var. breviflora stat. nov., B. bidentata var. fraseri comb. nov., B. bidentata var. gracilipes stat. nov., B. bidentata var. monticola stat. nov., B. fabrilis comb. & stat. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. amoena comb. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. leptopus comb. nov., B. finlaysoniana var. montana comb. nov., B. integrifolia ssp. integrifolia var. nymphaeifolia comb. nov., B. kockiana var. scarlatina stat. nov., B. kockiana var. sericeinervia comb. nov., B. kockiana var. velutina comb. nov., B. lingua var. antipolana stat. nov., B. lingua var. riedelii stat. nov., B. semibifida var. perkinsae stat. nov., B. semibifda var. stenostachya comb, nov., B. wrayi var. cancellata comb. & stat. nov., B. wrayi var. cardiophylla comb, nov., and B. wrayi var. rubella comb. nov.