鼻咽癌细胞双光子显微图像处理

鼻咽细胞的双光子显微图像中含有着丰富信息,借助计算机和图像处理算法可进行分析处理。图象分割是双光子显微图象处理中的一项重要技术,至今为止尚未形成一个最佳通用方法,也没有定义出双光子显微图象分割的统一标准。本文首先采用噪声干扰法进行去噪,采用低帽的变换等的数学形态学来增强鼻咽癌细胞图像,使细胞更加容易分辨,接着对几种经典边缘检测算法进行讨论比较,紧接着根据鼻咽双光子显微图像的实际特征,采取腐蚀算法求出鼻咽癌细胞边缘。然后进行区域生长定位细胞,并采用一些改进的判别分析算法和区域面积算法对鼻咽癌细胞进行阈值分割,获得较好结果。     

基于图像处理的树叶面积测量系统

以数字图像处理技术为基础,对数码相机拍摄的含有参照硬板和树叶的照片进行图像分析处理,提出了获取树叶的实际面积测量系统的一种独特实现方案。采用此方案开发出相应的应用软件,应用于树叶面积的测量计算,获得十分满意的结果。     

血液疾患与细胞粘附分子

血液疾患与细胞粘附分子阎有功,马丽瑛（广州军区武汉总医院检验科,武汉）（卫生部武汉卫生检疫局,武汉４３００６０）关键词细胞粘附分子,造血,血液疾患多细胞生物存在精细的细胞间网状结构,它与细胞相互接触、传递细胞内信息有关,这些结构称为细胞粘附分子（ＣＡ...     

基于多小波的胃癌病理细胞图像边缘检测与分析

对胃癌细胞图像的多尺度小波变换边缘检测进行了研究,为医生运用现代信息理论的方法进行相关疾病诊断提供了一种新的思路和途径。提出了多尺度小波边缘检测的新方法,归纳了改善小波边缘检测效果的一些策略。实验结果表明,对于具有复杂纹理的医学病理细胞图像,采用传统的边缘检测方法会产生伪边缘和方向性误差,它影响了图像边缘检测的可信度;而运用小波变换的时频尺度特性和对奇异变化的优良检测性能,可得到无噪声污染的图像实际边缘。     

豚鹿血液细胞和血液化学指标测定

应用Sysmex F-820血球计数仪和Olympus AU400全自动生化分析仪,对成都动物园圈养的16只豚鹿的46个血液样本进行血液细胞及血液化学43项指标检测,并对成体、亚成体及幼体进行统计分析,建立了一个参考指标.这对豚鹿的疾病诊断和繁育研究具有重要的意义.     

重庆地区圈养白唇鹿血液细胞和血液化学指标测定

白唇鹿(Cervus albirostris),别名白鼻鹿,属偶蹄目,鹿科,为我国特有珍稀濒临动物。野生群仅分布于我国海拔3500~5000 m青藏高原,被誉为高原神鹿。近年来由于人类的乱捕滥杀和环境的破坏趋于濒临灭绝,列为我国Ⅰ级保护动物[1,2]。白唇鹿具有重要的科学研究和较高的移地保护与展出观赏价值。重庆动物园引入一批白唇鹿进行移地保护并展出观赏,但由于白唇鹿是典型的高寒动物,在低海拔、高温、高湿的重庆地区饲养,生活环境和栖息场所均有一定改变,其生理功能将发生一定的变化。为此我们对入园近1年的白唇鹿进行了血液学分析,以期为白唇鹿的人工…     

DC-CIK细胞的生物学活性及体外抗血液肿瘤研究

目的:研究细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)与树突状细胞(DC)共培养后的体外增殖能力、免疫表型变化、分泌细胞因子水平以及对K562、K562/ADM细胞毒作用的影响.方法:正常人外周血单个核细胞诱导DC和CIK细胞,将DC与CIK共培养,以CIK细胞单独培养为对照.用台盼蓝活细胞计数计算细胞扩增倍数,MTT法测定杀伤活性,流式细胞术分析免疫表型,ELISA双抗体夹心法检测分泌干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-12(IL-12)的水平.结果:DC-CIK细胞增殖能力明显高于CIK细胞(P＜0.05);DC、CIK细胞共培养后,CD3+ CD8+、CD3+ CD56+双阳性细胞比率较同条件下CIK细胞组显著增多(P＜0.05);共培养3d,DC-CIK细胞上清液中IL-12、INF-7的分泌量均比CIK细胞单独培养的分泌量高(P＜0.01,P＜ 0.05);在2.5∶1-20∶1的效靶比范围内,DC-CIK共培养物对K562和K562/ADM的杀伤活性均高于单纯CIK细胞组,且差异显著(P＜0.05),且杀伤率与效靶比呈正相关.结论:DC-CIK细胞的增殖能力、分泌细胞因子水平、对K562和K562/ADM的杀伤活性均高于CIK细胞,为DC-CIK细胞免疫治疗提供了实验和理论依据.     

中华鳖血液细胞的分层鉴定与转录组比较分析

本研究以中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)为研究对象,利用Percoll分离法,成功从Percoll分离液不同密度层(浓度大于60％、20％～40％和50％～60％)中分别获得血液红细胞、淋巴细胞和血栓细胞.本研究对中华鳖血液细胞类型进行了更精确的鉴别和描述,并展示这3种类型细胞的转录组中重要标记基因的表达.转录组结果显示,淋巴细胞与红细胞间、血栓细胞与红细胞间以及血栓细胞与淋巴细胞间,分别筛选出1701、1 570和1 280个差异表达基因.GO富集分析显示,红细胞上调基因具有溶菌酶活性和转移酶活性,参与活性氧代谢过程的调控;淋巴细胞上调差异基因与细胞因子活性有关,参与免疫反应调节细胞表面受体信号过程和对病毒的响应;血栓细胞差异基因主要参与髓样白细胞活化、粒细胞激活和防御反应.KEGG富集分析显示,淋巴细胞与红细胞的差异基因富集到NF-κB信号、EB病毒感染、T细胞受体信号等通路;血栓细胞与红细胞的差异基因富集到血小板激活和造血细胞谱系等;淋巴细胞和血栓细胞的差异基因富集于IL-17信号通路、病毒蛋白与细胞因子及细胞因子受体的相互作用等过程.同时,血液分层转录组的聚类分析结果为中华鳖血液红细胞、淋巴细胞和血栓细胞提供了潜在标记基因.     

基于分段伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法预测蛋白质亚细胞定位

蛋白质的亚细胞定位与蛋白质的功能密切相关,其定位预测有助于人们了解蛋白质功能.文章提出一种分段伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法,采用支持向量机算法对Chou构建的两个蛋白质亚细胞定位数据集(C2129,CS2423)进行了分类研究,并采用总分类精度Q3、内容平衡精度指数Q9等参数评估预测分类系统性能.预测结果表明,基于分段伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法的预测性能,优于基于完整蛋白质序列的伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法.例如,基于分段矩描述子伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法,数据集C2129的Q3和Q9分别为84.7%和60.8%,比基于完整蛋白质序列的矩描述子伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法分别提高1.8和2.2个百分点,且Q3比现有Xiao等人的方法提高了9.1个百分点.基于分段伪氨基酸组成成分特征提取方法构成的特征向量不仅包含残基之间的位置信息,而且还包含蛋白质子序列之问的耦合信息,另外蛋白质分段子序列可能和蛋白质的功能域有一定的联系,从而使这一方法能够有效地预测蛋白质亚细胞定位.     

孔雀传染性喉气管炎的血液细胞分析

本文对13只传染性喉气管炎(ILT)发病孔雀和9只正常健康孔雀做了血液细胞分析和比较,结果表明ILT孔雀的WBC总数、LYM的百分数高于正常健康孔雀,而RBC总数、HGB、MCH、PLT和MID、GRA的百分数均低于后者,特别是PLT呈极显著差异,为科学认识和临床诊断该病提供了重要依据。     

Feature extraction and signal processing for nylon DNA microarrays

Background  

High-density DNA microarrays require automatic feature extraction methodologies and softwares. These can be a potential source of non-reproducibility of gene expression measurements. Variation in feature location or in signal integration methodology may be a significant contribution to the observed variance in gene expression levels.     

New technologies for automated cell counting based on optical image analysis `The Cellscreen'

A prototype of a newly developed apparatus for measuring cell growth characteristics of suspension cells in micro titre plates over a period of time was examined. Fully automated non-invasive cell counts in small volume cultivation vessels, e.g. 96 well plates, were performed with the Cellscreen system by Innovatis AG, Germany. The system automatically generates microscopic images of suspension cells which had sedimented on the base of the well plate. The total cell number and cell geometry was analysed without staining or sampling using the Cedex image recognition technology. Thus, time course studies of cell growth with the identical culture became possible. Basic parameters like the measurement range, the minimum number of images which were required for statistically reliable results, as well as the influence of the measurement itself and the effect of evaporation in 96 well plates on cell proliferation were determined. A comparison with standard methods including the influence of the cultured volume per well (25 l to 200 l) on cell growth was performed. Furthermore, the toxic substances ammonia, lactate and butyrate were used to show that the Cellscreen system is able to detect even the slightest changes in the specific growth rate.     

Morphological characterisation of yeast colony growth on solid media using image processing

To rapidly determine the effect of environmental factors on yeast growth, a cell counting and colony sizing image analysis method was developed to characterise colony growth on solid media. A digitised microscopic image of the yeast was analysed using the Watershed algorithm for cell number determination and a morphological edge detection for colony size determination. The influence of temperature and physiological stress on yeast growth was then investigated over 12.5 h and data extracted by the image analysis method. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998     

基于邻接矩阵分解的肿瘤亚型特征提取方法

基于肿瘤基因表达谱的肿瘤分类是生物信息学的一个重要研究内容。传统的肿瘤信息特征提取方法大多基于信息基因选择方法,但是在筛选基因时,不可避免的会造成分类信息的流失。提出了一种基于邻接矩阵分解的肿瘤亚型特征提取方法,首先对肿瘤基因表达谱数据构造高斯权邻接矩阵,接着对邻接矩阵进行奇异值分解,最后将分解得到的正交矩阵特征行向量作为分类特征输入支持向量机进行分类识别。采用留一法对白血病两个亚型的基因表达谱数据集进行实验,实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于逐步提取偏最小二乘主成分的特征选择方法

特征选择技术被广泛应用于生物信息学中。通过重复利用偏最小二乘（partial least square,PLS）方法提取主成分,通过逐次选择在主成分中权重较大的基因,将PLS应用于特征选择中。将这种方法用于对肿瘤基因表达谱数据的特征基因选择中,并用提取的特征基因分类,用8个特征基因进行分类时,能达到92.5%的正确率。     

Automatic quantitation of cell colonies on petri dishes by computerized image analysis

Clonogenic assay is one of the most sensitive assays, widely used to evaluate the effects of antineoplastic agentsin vitro. A computer program was developed on an IBAS 2.0 Image Analysis System for automated quantiation of cell colonies and clone area on Petri dishes. The sensitivity of the clonogenic assay can be greatly increased by evaluating the mean area of the clones. The program gives an objective, accurate and fast evaluation of large samples. It is simple to use and offers a high degree of flexibility. Special algorithms and techniques have been implemented for good quantitation of both connected and well-separated colonies and to reduce the background noise and the general error rate. The principles and solutions presented are applicable to any other image analysis system.Abbreviations FBS fetal bovine serum - ATCC American Type Culture Collection - DDATHF 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolic acid - PBS phosphate buffered saline     

Proposal of a marine protected area surveillance system against illegal vessels using image sensing and image processing

Conservation of marine fauna is a great concern in the present days for a number of reasons. Implementation of marine protected area is considered to be a common practice for the conservation of marine fauna at a specific area. However, in many cases, the present management system of the marine protected areas fails to protect marine fauna. This paper proposes a marine protected area surveillance system that uses airborne image sensing and digital image processing to monitor the marine protected area against illegal vessels efficiently. The system architecture, including the system structure, execution planning, and algorithm, has been described for the proposed surveillance system. It is apparent from this study that the currently proposed marine protected area surveillance system is better than the previously proposed ones.     

Development of image processing program for yeast cell morphology

Every living organism has its own species-specific morphology. Despite the relatively simple ellipsoidal shape of budding yeast cells, the global regulation of yeast morphology remains unclear. In the past, each mutated gene from many mutants with abnormal morphology had to be classified manually. To investigate the morphological characteristics of yeast in detail, we developed a novel image-processing program that extracts quantitative data from microscope images automatically. This program extracts data on cells that are often used by yeast morphology researchers, such as cell size, roundness, bud neck position angle, and bud growth direction, and fits an ellipse to the cell outline. We evaluated the ability of the program to extract quantitative parameters. The results suggest that our image-processing program can play a central objective role in yeast morphology studies.     

Influence of staining on fast automated cell segmentation, feature extraction and cell image analysis

FAZYTAN, a system for fast automated cell segmentation, cell image analysis and extraction of nuclear features, was used to analyze cervical cell images variously stained by the conventional Papanicolaou stain, the new Papanicolaou stain and hematoxylin and thionin only; the last two dyes are used as the nuclear stains in the two versions of the Papanicolaou stain. Other dyes were also tried in cell classification experiments. All cell images in the variously stained samples could be described by the same nuclear features as had been adapted for the discrimination of conventional-Papanicolaou-stained cells. Variances were lower for thionin-stained cells as compared with hematoxylin-stained cells. By application of spectrophotometry, it was confirmed that the spectra of the cytoplasmic counterstains are superimposed on those of the nuclear stains. It appears that a variety of dyes are suitable as cytologic stains for cell classification by the FAZYTAN system, provided that they achieve sufficiently strong nuclear-cytoplasmic contrast by precisely delineating the chromatin texture.     

Live cell image analysis of cell-cell interactions reveals the specific targeting of vascular smooth muscle cells by fetal trophoblasts

In early pregnancy, fetal trophoblasts selectively invade and remodel maternal spiral arteries. A healthy pregnancy is dependent on this adaptation to allow sufficient maternal blood to reach the placenta and the developing fetus. However, little is known of the role played by trophoblasts in this adaptation process. In this study, the interactions between trophoblast cells (TC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were examined using novel live cell image analysis methods which allow quantitative assessment of the behaviour of these two cell types in co-culture. TC and VSMC were simultaneously tracked in co-culture and, for each cell type, directionality, speed and the cell-cell interaction were assessed. The overall migratory behaviour of TC was markedly different in the presence of VSMC with co-cultured TC migrating further with directional movement while mono-cultured TC moved more randomly. Furthermore, TC were shown to specifically target VSMC, suggesting that invading TC may initiate targeted vascular remodelling. Analysis of movement behaviour and cell-cell attraction will be useful in other co-culture systems in addition to answering important questions in the reproductive field.