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1.
对果蝇唾腺染色体制片方法进行了改进.结果表明:改良苯酚品红染色液配好15d后使用,浓度为6%时,染色5~8min可以获得染色体横纹和背景清晰的图像;通过改变脂肪剥离的顺序即染色后再去除脂肪,压片效果明显提高。  相似文献   

2.
果蝇唾腺染色体的几种染色方法比较   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
郜刚 《生物学通报》2003,38(1):53-54
《生物学通报》编委 :您好。笔者对贵刊 2 0 0 2年第 37卷第 2期第 2 3页刊登的“用 Feuglen染色法制作果蝇唾腺染色体”一文感兴趣 ,但笔者认为文中几处不妥 ,比如 1)水浴温度波幅偏高 ;2 )染色时间不确定 ;3)试剂配方不全 ;4 )盐酸的浓度单位有误 ,mol?M?;5 )注意事项影响实验结果表述不清。特撰写下文与各位读者商榷。双翅类昆虫如黑腹果蝇 (Drosophila melanogaster)的唾腺染色体 (Salivary chromosome)比普通染色体大的多 ,处于体细胞同源染色体的配对状态 ,是由于唾腺染色体经过多次复制而并不分开形成的 ,大约有 10 0 0~4 0 0 0根…  相似文献   

3.
用改良苯酚品红染色液替代醋酸洋红染色液的研究   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
以往在动物遗传学实验“果蝇唾液腺染色体标本的制作和观察”中,采用醋酸洋红染色液对染色体染色。本文对用改良苯酚品红染色液替代醋酸洋红染色液对果蝇唾液腺染色体染色的问题进行了研究。结果表明,改良苯酚品红染色液对果蝇唾液腺染色体的染色效果与醋酸染洋红染色液的染色效果是相同的。而且用改良苯酚品红染色液还人提高工效,简易节约的优点。因此认为,在对果蝇唾液腺染色体染色中,用改良苯酚品红染色液替代酸酸洋红染色液  相似文献   

4.
果蝇唾腺巨型染色体是大约1000-4000多条同源染色线精确配对聚集而成的多线染色体,这是染色体多次复制,但细胞只生长、不分裂的结果.染色体长达0.5mm.粗细是一般体细胞染色体的100-200倍左右,其上有深浅间隔、宽窄不等的染色带,果蝇4对唾腺染色体上已确定了6000多条染色带,它们宽窄、疏密、顺序、数目恒定,有种的特异性,同种个体的是相同的,不同的种则不一样,因此果蝇多线染色体可以建立染色带及间带分布图,它们的表现和遗传学图大致平行,多数遗传学家认为这些横纹与基因有对应关系,  相似文献   

5.
用Feuglen染色法制做果蝇唾腺染色体   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
制作果蝇唾腺染色体通常以改良苯酚品红或醋酸洋红为染色剂 ,这些常规方法存在 1个共同的弊病 ;染色体被着色的同时 ,细胞质也着色较深 ,染色体与其背景形成的反差很小 ,不利于显微摄影。为此笔者改变传统方法用 Feuglen染色法对果蝇唾腺染色体进行染色制片 ,收到了良好的效果。1 方法和步骤1)将盛有 1mol盐酸的小烧杯置于 6 0℃的恒温水浴中 ,待用 ;2 )取较肥大的果蝇三龄幼虫 ,置于滴有 0 .85 %生理盐水中 ,在解剖镜下剖出唾腺 ;3)弃去杂物 ,剔除唾腺上的脂肪 ;   4 )将唾腺小心移至 1mol盐酸的恒温小烧杯中 ,2 0~ 30 s;5 )取出唾腺 …  相似文献   

6.
几年来我们在教学中进行了多方面的实验探索,在果蝇唾腺制片方法上加以改进,采用加蔗糖液保色,树脂胶封边,制备一种半永久制片标本。操作过程如下: 1.取出唾腺,在其上加2滴(37℃)蒸馏水低渗处理10~20分钟,使唾腺细胞涨大有利于染色体的分散。 2.用滤纸吸去蒸馏水,加1滴1N HCl解离8~15分钟(时间随当时的温度而定),吸去解离液,用蒸馏水轻轻冲洗2~3次,将水吸净。  相似文献   

7.
一种新的果蝇唾腺染色体制片方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
彭先步  王明忠 《遗传》1992,14(2):35-36
  相似文献   

8.
笔者在进行果蝇唾腺染色体制片实验时,发现了两项很有效用的小技术。现将它们介绍如下:  相似文献   

9.
经过多年的实践积累,从果蝇(Drosophil melanogaster)品系的选择、培养基的配制和果蝇的饲养等方面摸索出了一套改进的制备果蝇唾腺染色体的经验方法。  相似文献   

10.
果蝇唾腺染色体观察材料的制备   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
选择夜间气候为南风、多云、20~28℃的条件下,用香蕉培养基引诱、采集果蝇.室内或恒温箱中培养12 d,取野外果蝇三龄幼虫替代实验室长期饲养的果蝇幼虫,制作果蝇唾腺染色体.经剥离、解离、染色、压片,观察到比实验室饲养的果蝇染色体较大、个体更清楚的片子.  相似文献   

11.
植物小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中胼胝质染色的新方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用改良苯酚品红-苯胺蓝压片法,观察小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中胼胝质的动态变化。使用该方法简便、快速且省时,获得的照片颜色鲜艳,细胞质呈红色,染色体为深红色,胼胝质呈黄绿色荧光,对比明显,有三维效果。单用改良苯酚品红染液对新鲜材料进行压片,在蓝光激发下,细胞质与染色体呈红色荧光,染色体清晰。实验结果表明,改良苯酚品红染液可作为荧光染料代替DAPI及H33258等昂贵的核染料,从而降低实验成本。  相似文献   

12.
To observe the dynamic behavior of callose of microspore mother cells during meiosis, we developed a convenient, rapid and efficient staining method using an improved carbol fuchsin/aniline blue solution. The stained microspore mother cells during meiosis showed yellowish green callose, red cytoplasm and dark red chromosomes when excited with blue light, which produced a contrasting image with a three-dimensional effect. When stained with only improved carbol fuchsin solution, the cells had red cytoplasm and chromosomes when excited with green light. The improved carbol fuchsin solution can be used to replace other more expensive DNA-specific dyes, such as DAPI and H33258, to reduce experimental costs.  相似文献   

13.
蜜环菌多糖的生物合成与发酵条件的相关性   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
培养基的碳、氮源,PH值直接影响蜜环菌多糖的生物合成,泥炭水解液的添加量占培养基的10%~39%(V/V)时,对蜜环菌多糖的生物合成有促进作用。液体振范培养时,蜜环菌生长形成球形菌丝体,菌丝生物量3.45g/L,菌丝多糖(精糖)得率为0.284%,而静置液体培养有利于菌索形成,菌素生物量14.05g/L,菌索多糖(精糖)得率为0.515%,胞外多糖的得率分别为29.4%和8.3%  相似文献   

14.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
To confirm the position and timing of meiosis in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda, the nuclear division of vegetative cells, conchosporangial cells and conchospores was observed. An improved staining method using modified carbol fuchsin was introduced to stain the chromosomes of Porphyra. Pit‐connections between conchosporangial cells also stained well with this method. Leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, diakinesis, metaphase, anaphase and telophase were observed in the conchosporangial cells. During the germination of conchospores, no characteristics of meiosis I were found. No difference between the nuclear division of vegetative cells and that of conchospores was observed, and 2–3 days were needed for the first cell division both in vegetative cells and conchospores. Therefore, the cell division that occurs during conchospore germination is not meiosis I. Our results indicate that the prophase of meiosis I begins during the formation of conchosporangial branches, and metaphase I, anaphase I and telophase I take place during the maturation of conchosporangial branches. Then the three‐bivalent nucleate sporangia complete cell division to form two individual conchospores, each with one three‐univalent nucleus. The conchospores released from the sporangia are at meiotic interphase. Meiosis II occurs at the first nuclear division during conchospore germination, which is a possible explanation for the observation of mosaic thalli in mutant germlings of P. yezoensis. The mosaic thalli might also arise from gene conversion/post meiotic segregation events, comparable to those in Sordaria fimicola (Roberge ex Desm.) Ces. & De Not. and Neurospora crassa Shear & B.O. Dodge.  相似文献   

15.
橘小实蝇染色体研究与相关技术探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
方颖  林敏杰  王莹 《昆虫知识》2007,44(2):290-293,309
以橘小实蝇Bactroceradorsalis(Hendel)性腺和唾液腺为材料,采取改良苯酚品红染色后压片法,制备染色体标本。对橘小实蝇进行染色体组型研究和唾液腺染色体形态学的观察。结果表明:橘小实蝇成虫性腺染色体数目为2n=12条,染色体长度基本呈连续性变化,其性染色体属于XX/XY型。幼虫唾液腺染色体包含5条较长的多线染色体,与成虫常染色体相对应。实验显示苯酚品红染色后压片为制备染色体标本简单有效的方法。  相似文献   

16.
    
House flies (Musca domestica) infected with Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus (MdSGHV) were found in fly populations collected from 12 out of 18 Danish livestock farms that were surveyed in 2007 and 2008. Infection rates ranged from 0.5% to 5% and averaged 1.2%. None of the stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans), rat-tail maggot flies (Eristalis tenax) or yellow dung flies (Scathophaga stercoraria) collected from MdSGHV-positive farms displayed characteristic salivary gland hypertrophy (SGH). In laboratory transmission tests, SGH symptoms were not observed in stable flies, flesh flies (Sarcophaga bullata), black dump flies (Hydrotaea aenescens), or face flies (Musca autumnalis) that were injected with MdSGHV from Danish house flies. However, in two species (stable fly and black dump fly), virus injection resulted in suppression of ovarian development similar to that observed in infected house flies, and injection of house flies with homogenates prepared from the salivary glands or ovaries of these species resulted in MdSGHV infection of the challenged house flies. Mortality of virus-injected stable flies was the highest among the five species tested. Virulence of Danish and Florida isolates of MdSGHV was similar with three virus delivery protocols, as a liquid food bait (in sucrose, milk, or blood), sprayed onto the flies in a Potter spray tower, or by immersiion in a crude homogenate of infected house flies. The most effective delivery system was immersion in a homogenate of ten infected flies/ml of water, resulting in 56.2% and 49.6% infection of the house flies challenged with the Danish and Florida strains, respectively.  相似文献   

17.
18.
李刚  陈凡国 《遗传》2015,37(6):605-612
果蝇唾腺多线染色体是细胞遗传学的3大经典染色体之一,从1934年至今因其具有显著的特点已经作为一个优异的模型用在不同的遗传学研究中。果蝇唾腺多线染色体最大的贡献就是为研究间期染色体结构和基因的表达调控提供了一个非凡的视角;另外,果蝇唾腺多线染色体还可以用于解释一些特殊的遗传现象,例如剂量补偿效应和花斑位置效应。文章一方面就以上进展作一简要总结,另一方面尝试将这一典型案例系统地用于遗传学教学中,引导和激发学生学习遗传学的兴趣。  相似文献   

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