齿孔酸对高尿酸血症黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的影响

采用紫外分光光度法检测齿孔酸在体外对黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用,并进行动力学研究探讨其作用机制;采用酵母联合氧嗪酸钾诱导高尿酸血症小鼠模型,观察齿孔酸对高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平、血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性及血糖血脂的影响。研究发现,齿孔酸体在外能抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平、血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,同时明显降低空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,提高口服糖耐受量。结果表明,齿孔酸是黄嘌呤氧化酶竞争性抑制剂,还能缓解高尿酸血症小鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,对高尿酸血症及痛风的防治具有潜在意义。     

齿孔酸对高尿酸血症黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的影响

采用紫外分光光度法检测齿孔酸在体外对黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用,并进行动力学研究探讨其作用机制;采用酵母联合氧嗪酸钾诱导高尿酸血症小鼠模型,观察齿孔酸对高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平、血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性及血糖血脂的影响。研究发现,齿孔酸体在外能抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平、血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,同时明显降低空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,提高口服糖耐受量。结果表明,齿孔酸是黄嘌呤氧化酶竞争性抑制剂,还能缓解高尿酸血症小鼠糖脂代谢紊乱,对高尿酸血症及痛风的防治具有潜在意义。     

毒黄素对黄嘌呤氧化酶作用的影响

利用从椰毒假单胞菌(Pseudomona cocovenenans)中所分离提取的毒黄素(toxoflavin)对黄嘌呤氧化酶(EC.1、2 3、2)作用的动力学试验表明,毒黄素是此酶的非必需激活剂,而且对以次黄嘌呤为底物的反应的激活作用明显高于以黄嘌呤为底物的反应。此激活作用属于部分混合型。这一结果为探寻毒黄素对人体的致毒机理提供了一条重要线索。     

三种中药提取物对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制作用

分别用水、60%乙醇和95%乙醇为提取溶剂,对泽泻、青风藤和白芷进行提取,通过测定黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)-黄嘌呤反应体系终产物尿酸的吸光度,得出各提取物对XOD的抑制率,并判断其抑制机制。实验结果显示,在一定浓度范围内,泽泻和青风藤两种醇提物对XOD的抑制率较高,泽泻60%乙醇提取物抑制率最高达86%,青风藤95%乙醇提取物抑制率最高为71.2%,白芷水提取物对XOD抑制率较高,最高为72.7%。结果表明,三种中药的提取物均具有较强的体外抑制XOD活性的作用。     

激动素与黄嘌呤氧化酶对水稻和豌豆叶片脂氧合酶活性的影响(简报)

加入亚油酸和X-XO,促进豌豆叶片组织的氧吸收。AP则抑制氧的吸收、水稻叶片插入含XO的缓冲液和叶片浸泡X后,叶绿素含量降低和LOX活性增高。激动素抑制外源X-XO作用,以致LOX活性降低。     

芒果苷代谢产物的合成及黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性研究北大核心CSCD

以2,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸和2,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸为原料合成芒果苷的两个主要代谢产物1,3,6,7-四羟基氧杂蒽酮（2）和1,3,7-三羟基氧杂蒽酮（3）,同时获得四个合成中间体（4～7）,利用^1H NMR和^13C NMR鉴定结构。活性研究表明代谢产物2能浓度依赖性地抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,其IC50为10.89 μM;代谢产物3及中间体5、7也有抑制作用,但弱于2,而中间体4、6和芒果苷则没有明显的抑制作用;灌胃给予小鼠等分子剂量的芒果苷及2后,均明显降低氧嗪酸钾诱导的高尿酸血症小鼠的血尿酸水平,两者效价相似,提示芒果苷的降尿酸作用与其代谢产物抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性的作用有关。     

从ICR小鼠脂肪组织对resistin基因的扩增

目的 PCR扩增ICR小鼠脂肪组织的resistin基因,为进一步在ICR小鼠中开展resistin的相关研究提供必要的基础.方法 在脂肪组织中抽提总RNA,用RT-PCR进行resistin基因的体外扩增,经电泳检测和测序后用DNAMAN软件进行碱基序列分析.结果 抽提的总RNA完整性较好,RT-PCR产物电泳检测获...     

热应激对小鼠器官指数、小肠损伤及胃HSP70 mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨热应激对小鼠器官指数、小肠形态、胃黏膜HSP70 mRNA表达量及糖代谢相关激素的影响。方法采用单因子实验设计,将年龄和体重相近的18只KM小鼠随机分为对照组和热应激组,分别测定心、肝、脾、肺、肾重量,小鼠胃黏膜HSP70 mRNA表达量、血浆中胰岛素和胰高血糖素浓度以及十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度,并对肝脏、十二指肠和空肠进行病理组织学检查。结果与结论热应激对小鼠器官指数无影响,可显著提高小鼠胃黏膜HSP70 mRNA表达量,降低血浆中胰岛素的含量,并造成小鼠肝脏、十二指肠和空肠严重损伤。     

心理应激对心肌缺血大鼠心律的影响

本实验用声音与电击相结合建立大鼠心理应激模型。单独施加心理应激过程中未发现大鼠心律失常。然而,在用垂体后叶素造成心肌急性缺血基础上,心理应激却可使47只动物中的26例(55.3％)产生心律失常。心得安具有保护心脏的作用。     

Molybdenum Cofactor-Containing Oxidoreductase Family in Plants

Recent investigations on plant molybdenum-containing enzymes that include xanthine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.204) and xanthine oxidase (EC 1.1.3.22), nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.1.1-3), aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1), and sulfite oxidase (EC 1.8.3.1) are reviewed. The enzymes belong to closely related protein family and share common structural features. Special attention is being paid to the recently solved crystal structures their implications for the substrate binding and catalytic mechanism. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase: a simple procedure for the simultaneous purification from rat liver

Aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) are cytosolic enzymes that have been involved in some pathological conditions and play an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics. The increasing interest in these enzymes demands for a simple and rapid procedure for their purification. This paper describes for the first time a method that allows simultaneous purification of both enzymes from the same batch of rat livers. It involves few steps, is reproducible and offers high enzyme yields with high specific activities. The rat liver homogenate was fractionated by heat denaturation and by ammonium sulphate precipitation to give a crude extract containing both enzymes. This extract was chromatographed on an Hydroxyapatite column that completely separated AO from XO. Further purification of XO by anion exchange chromatography on a Q-Sepharose Fast Flow column resulted in a highly purified (1200-fold) preparation, with a specific activity of 3.64 U/mg and with a 20% yield. AO was purified about 1000-fold at a yield of 15%, with a specific activity of 3.48 U/mg, by affinity chromatography on Benzamidine-Sepharose 6B. The purified enzymes gave single bands of approximately 300 kDa on a polyacrylamide gel gradient electrophoresis and displayed the characteristic absorption spectra of highly purified enzymes.     

京尼平对小鼠棕色和白色脂肪组织UCP1表达的影响

目的:棕色脂肪组织活化和白色脂肪组织棕化是改善减肥的良好策略。本研究利用冷刺激作为阳性对照,观察京尼平对小鼠脂肪组织活化与棕化的作用。方法:8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠30只,随机分为正常对照组、京尼平组、冷刺激组, 每组10只。京尼平组小鼠腹腔注射给予京尼平处理(15 mg/(kg·d),连续9 d),对照组用生理盐水处理,冷刺激组小鼠在室温(22℃±2℃)下处理4 d后,置于4℃环境中进行冷刺激处理5 d(24 h/d)。检测各组小鼠每天摄食量、体重和体温变化,取肩胛下区、腹股沟区及附睾周围部分脂肪组织观察形态学的变化,测定棕色脂肪组织、皮下白色脂肪组织以及内脏白色脂肪组织解偶联蛋白1(UCP1)的表达。结果:与正常对照组相比,京尼平组小鼠白色脂肪湿重下降16%,冷刺激组下降28%,均有明显差异(P＜0.05);京尼平组和冷刺激组白色脂肪组织颜色变深,HE染色显示脂肪细胞内的脂滴变小,数量增加;京尼平组小鼠的皮下、内脏白色脂肪组织和棕色3种脂肪组织中的UCP1表达量均明显增加(P＜0.05)。结论:京尼平通过上调UCP1的表达促进棕色脂肪组织活化和白色脂肪组织棕化,此效应是京尼平降脂减轻体重的作用机制之一。     

Cytokinin interaction with free radical metabolism and senescence: Effects on endogenous lipoxygenase and purine oxidation

A typical system comprising xanthine-xanthine oxidase, which produces superoxide free radicals, significantly increased endogenous levels of the senescence-associated lipoxygenase enzyme while cytokinin reversed this effect. It is suggested that in its interaction with free radicals cytokinin may have a dual effect: a) it may inhibit purine oxidation by the formation of a 2,8 dihydroxy purine which lowers the substrate affinity of xanthine oxidase; b) it may act as a direct free radical scavenger by virtue of H abstraction from the α-carbon atom in the amine bond.     

Formation of Antibodies to Native DNA in Rats after Administration of Native DNA Treated with the Xanthine-Xanthine Oxidase System

The injection of native (double-stranded) deoxyribonucleic acid treated with the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant into rats over a prolonged period of time induces the formation of antibodies to double-Stranded DNA. The titer of antibodies was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera from treated animals. Control experiments using untreated native DNA or phosphate buffered saline likewise emulsified with Freund's Adjuvant showed only insignificant increases in titers of the antibody.