安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌治疗后牙及齿槽位置的变化

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌是以磨牙远中关系、前牙深覆颌、闭锁颌为特征的一类错颌畸形。安氏Ⅱ类2分类对颞下颌关节功能、牙周组织健康的影响,以及其临床治疗的独特点,对其进行研究具有重要的临床意义。     

GMD 应用于安氏II 类错牙合非拔牙矫治的临床分析

目的:探讨安氏Ⅱ类错非拔牙矫治中GMD矫治器的疗效和适应症。方法:选择36例恒牙早期安氏Ⅱ类病例,主要表现为以乳磨牙早失形成的磨牙近移或上牙列轻中度拥挤的的非拔牙患者为研究对象,通过运用GMD推磨牙装置远移磨牙开辟后牙间隙。结果:36例患者中除1例因上切牙唇倾致患者对面形不满意而改行拔牙矫治外其余患者均取得了较好的疗效。第一磨牙平均远移5.6mm,远移到位平均4-5个月。磨牙建立中性关系。结论:GMD装置是一种快速有效的推磨牙向后的矫治器,但要掌握好适应症才能取得成功。     

GMD应用于安氏II类错[牙合]非拔牙矫治的临床分析

目的：探讨安氏11类错[牙合]非拔牙矫治中GMD矫治器的疗效和适应症。方法：选择36例恒牙早期安氏Ⅱ类病例,主要表现为以乳磨牙早失形成的磨牙近移或上牙列轻中度拥挤的的非拔牙患者为研究对象,通过运用GMD推磨牙装置远移磨牙开辟后牙间隙。结果：36倒患者中除1例因上切牙唇倾致患者对面形不满意而改行拔牙矫治外其余患者均取得了较好的疗效。第一磨牙平均远移5．6mm,远移到位平均4—5个月。磨牙建立中性关系。结论：GMD装置是一种快速有效的推磨牙向后的矫治器,但要掌握好适应症才能取得成功。     

T4K矫治器治疗替牙早期Ⅱ类错合患儿的临床疗效以及预后研究

目的:研究T4K矫治器治疗替牙早期Ⅱ类错合患儿的临床疗效以及预后。方法:选取从2015年2月到2017年3月在我院接受治疗的48例替牙早期Ⅱ类错合患儿进行研究。采用T4K矫治器治疗患儿6个月,对比患儿治疗前及治疗6个月后的模型测量值、X线头影测量数据以及上面高、下面高、下面高比例,随访3年,分析X线头颅侧位片的检测数据。结果:患儿治疗6个月后的前牙覆合值、前牙覆盖值、上牙弓拥挤度、下牙弓拥挤度均较治疗前明显更低,上牙弓宽度和下牙弓宽度较治疗前明显更高,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。治疗6个月后患儿的SNA角、ANB角以及U1-SN角和覆盖均较治疗前明显降低,SNB角、L1-MP角以及U1-L1角和下颌平面角均较治疗前明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。治疗6个月后患儿的上面高、下面高以及下面高比例均较治疗前明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。随访3年显示,ANB角和L1-MP角较治疗6个月后明显降低(P0.05),而SNB角、U1-L1角、下颌平面角、上面高、下面高、下面高比例、覆盖均较治疗6个月后明显增高(P0.05)。结论:应用T4K矫治器对替牙早期Ⅱ类错合患儿进行治疗的疗效较好,有利于其康复和预后,值得在临床上给予相应的推广。     

口腔正畸MIA技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液MMP-2表达水平的影响

目的:探讨口腔正畸微螺钉种植体支抗(Microscrew implant anchor,MIA)技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)-2表达水平的影响。方法:2016年1月1日至2019年12月31日选择在本院诊治的青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者86例,根据治疗方法把患者分为MIA组与对照组,各43例,对照组给予头帽口外弓支抗技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,MIA组给予MIA技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,检测龈沟液MMP-2表达水平变化情况。结果:MIA组正畸后6个月的总有效率为97.7%,显著高于对照组的81.4%(P<0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的SNA角、OB与OJ值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05),两组正畸前后SNB角在组内与组间对比差异都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的龈沟液MMP-2值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:口腔正畸MIA技术在青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者的应用能抑制龈沟液MMP-2的表达,有利于改善患者的头颅与牙齿的X线指标,从而促进提高治疗效果。     

基于CBCT检查的侧貌软硬组织变化评价正畸正颌联合治疗骨性Ⅲ类错𬌗畸形的有效性

摘要 目的：分析正畸正颌联合治疗骨性Ⅲ类错??畸形对患者锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）检查侧貌软硬组织变化的影响。方法：以2017年12月~2020年12月第四军医大学口腔医院（空军军医大学第三附属医院）收治的骨性Ⅲ类错??畸形患者50例为研究对象,所有患者均接受正畸正颌联合治疗,治疗后随访6个月。比较患者治疗前和随访6个月后侧貌软硬组织的角度和厚度、软硬组织标记点到垂直参考线的距离及随访6个月后上下颌中切牙牙根体积和根长减小量及减少百分比、上下颌中切牙的根颈部与根体部体积减小量及减少百分比。结果：随访6个月后,骨性Ⅲ类错??畸形患者上唇缘点垂直参考线（UL-VRL）、鼻唇角（NLA）、上中切牙点矢状面距离（DUI）、上唇缘点矢状面距离（DUL''）较治疗前升高,MLA、鼻下点前下交角（MP-SN）、L1-SN、下唇缘点垂直参考线（LL-VRL）、Pog-VRL、颏唇沟点矢状面距离（DBs）、颏前点矢状面距离（DPo）、软组织颏前点矢状面距离（DPos）、下中切牙点矢状面距离（DLI）、下唇缘点矢状面距离（DLL''）、颏前点至鼻根点一下齿槽座点连线的垂直距离（Po-NB）较治疗前降低（P<0.05）。随访6个月后,上中切牙牙根总体积、牙根顶端体积高于下中切牙（P<0.05）;根颈部上中切牙、下中切牙体积变化和体积减少百分比均低于根体部（P<0.05）。结论：正畸正颌联合治疗可改善骨性Ⅲ类错??畸形患者侧貌软硬组织,但可导致患者牙根吸收的发生。     

Angle Ⅱ~1类错畸形牙弓及基骨形态的测量分析

目的通过比较上海地区AngleⅡ1类及个别正常青少年牙、牙弓及基骨形态,为正畸临床诊断和治疗提供理论依据。方法以上海地区个别正常青少年50例(男女各25例)为对照组;以AngleⅡ~1类50例(男女各25例)为实验组。分别测量牙量,牙弓宽度及长度,基骨宽度及长度。用SPSS.13.0统计软件对测量结果进行统计分析。结果(1)牙弓形态:实验组上颌中段和后段牙弓宽度显著减小,上颌前段,下颌各段牙弓宽度与对照组无显著差异。上下颌各段牙弓长度显著增加。(2)基骨形态:实验组上颌基骨宽度显著减小,基骨长度显著增加;下颌基骨形态与对照组无显著差异。(3)牙量:实验组上下颌牙量均显著增加。结论(1)AngleⅡ~1类患者未发现尖牙区和下颌牙弓狭窄,提示临床上尽量不要轻易扩展上颌尖牙区和下颌牙弓宽度。(2)AngleⅡ~1类患者上颌牙弓和基骨均显狭长。     

Angle Ⅱ^1类错[牙合]畸形牙弓及基骨形态的测量分析

目的 通过比较上海地区Angle Ⅱ1类及个别正常[牙合]青少年牙、牙弓及基骨形态,为正畸临床诊断和治疗提供理论依据.方法 以上海地区个别正常[牙合]青少年50例（男女各25例）为对照组 以Angle Ⅱ^1类50例（男女各25例）为实验组.分别测量牙量,牙弓宽度及长度,基骨宽度及长度.用SPSS.13.0统计软件对测量结果进行统计分析.结果 （1）牙弓形态：实验组上颌中段和后段牙弓宽度显著减小,上颌前段,下颌各段牙弓宽度与对照组无显著差异.上下颌各段牙弓长度显著增加.（2）基骨形态：实验组上颌基骨宽度显著减小,基骨长度显著增加 下颌基骨形态与对照组无显著差异.（3）牙量：实验组上下颌牙量均显著增加.结论 （1）Angle Ⅱ^1类患者未发现尖牙区和下颌牙弓狭窄,提示临床上尽量不要轻易扩展上颌尖牙区和下颌牙弓宽度.（2）Angle Ⅱ^1类患者上颌牙弓和基骨均显狭长.     

侵袭性牙周炎伴错牙合畸形患者牙周-正畸联合治疗前后血清SAA、leptin的变化及与牙周指标和辅助性T细胞亚群的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨侵袭性牙周炎伴错牙合畸形患者牙周-正畸联合治疗前后血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、瘦素（leptin）的变化及与牙周指标和辅助性T细胞（Th）亚群的相关性。方法：选择2020年6月-2022年8月解放军总医院京中医疗区黄寺门诊部口腔科收治的80例侵袭性牙周炎伴错牙合畸形患者（牙周炎组）和65例于口腔门诊检查的健康志愿者（对照组）。所有患者均接受牙周-正畸联合治疗,治疗前后分别检测血清SAA、leptin水平以及外周血中Th1、Th2、Th17细胞占比,并评估牙周指标变化。Pearson相关性分析血清SAA、leptin水平与牙周指标以及外周血中Th1、Th2、Th17细胞占比的相关性。结果：牙周炎组治疗前血清SAA、leptin水平,外周血Th1、Th17细胞占比,出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、附着丧失（AL）、牙周探诊深度（PD）高于对照组（P＜0.05）,外周血Th2细胞占比低于对照组（P＜0.05）。牙周炎组治疗后血清SAA、leptin水平,外周血Th1、Th17细胞占比,PLI、SBI、AL、PD较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,外周血Th2细胞占比较治疗前增高（P＜0.05）。牙周炎组血清SAA、leptin与PLI、SBI、AL、PD,外周血Th1、Th17细胞占比呈正相关,与外周血Th2细胞占比呈负相关（P＜0.05）。结论：侵袭性牙周炎伴错牙合畸形患者血清SAA、leptin水平增高,经牙周-正畸联合治疗后下降,高水平SAA、leptin与牙周组织破坏程度以及Th亚群紊乱有关,检测血清SAA、leptin水平可评估侵袭性牙周炎牙周组织破坏程度以及细胞免疫状态。     

Morphological features of Class I,II and III malocclusions of Saudi adolescents

AimsThis cross-sectional study compared and contrasted the morphological characteristics of Class I, II and III malocclusions in an adolescent Saudi population.MethodsAdolescent Saudis with Angle’s Class I, II and III malocclusions were selected from orthodontic patients’ records. Angular and linear measurements were compared between the three groups. Cephalometric analysis was performed using the VistadentOC® software. Multifactorial ANOVA for angular and linear measurements between and within groups.ResultsOrthodontic records of 300 patients were included. There was no significant difference between and within groups in age and distribution of Angle’s classification, p > 0.05. Multifactorial ANOVA showed that there were significant interactions between gender and malocclusions in skeletal, dental and soft tissue measurements, p < 0.05. There were significant differences in the sagittal and vertical skeletal measurements between groups, p < 0.05. The dental measurements were also significantly different in most of the measurements (p < 0.05). Moreover, there were significantly different readings among the groups in the soft tissue analysis.ConclusionMorphological characteristics of adolescent Saudis show unique differences between gender and malocclusions, more so in Class III malocclusions. Class II and III malocclusions also show skeletal differences amongst the groups.     

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and MHC Class II on chondrocytes in arthritic joints from pigs experimentally infected with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Abstract This study set out to investigate the in vivo expression and distribution of the porcine homologues of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and MHC Class II as markers of chondrocyte activation during the development of chronic polyarthritis, which was experimentally induced in Landrace pigs by intra-articular injection of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae . ICAM-1 was found to be strongly expressed in vivo on chondrocytes and synovial cells in arthritic joints but was not detected in cartilage from unaffected joints. Although the majority of ICAM-1 positive chondrocytes did not co-express MHC Class II, chondrocyte-type cells expressing both molecules were detected in the transition zone as the disease progressed, particularly at 5 months post-infection. At this stage infiltration of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes into the damaged cartilage was also apparent. ICAM-1 and MHC Class II are not constitutively expressed on porcine chondrocytes but appeared to be induced as arthritis progressed. The detection of these markers in the pig helps to establish the validity of this animal model for immunopathological studies.     

CBCT Evaluation of the Upper Airway Morphological Changes in Growing Patients of Class II Division 1 Malocclusion with Mandibular Retrusion Using Twin Block Appliance: A Comparative Research

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of upper airway after Twin Block (TB) treatment in growing patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion and mandibular retrusion compared with untreated Class II patients by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods

Thirty growing patients who have completed TB treatment were recruited into TB group. The control group (n = 30) was selected from the patients with the same diagnosis and without TB treatment. CBCT scans of the pre-treatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) data of TB group and control data were collected. After three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and registration of T1 and T2 data, the morphological changes of upper airway during TB treatment were measured. The statistical differences between T1 and T2 data of TB group as well as T2 and control data were accessed by t-test.

Results

During the TB treatment, the mandible moved advanced by 3.52±2.14 mm in the horizontal direction and 3.77±2.10 mm in the vertical direction. The hyoid bone was in a more forward and inferior place. The upper airway showed a significant enlargement in nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx. In addition, the nasopharynx turned more circular, and the oropharynx became more elliptic in transverse shape. However, the transverse shape of the hypopharynx showed no significant difference. After comparison between T2 and control data, only the horizontal movement of the hyoid bone, the volumetric expansion of the oropharynx and hypopharynx, and changes of the oropharyngeal transverse shape showed significant difference.

Conclusion

Compared to the untreated Class II patients, the upper airway of growing patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion and mandibular retrusion showed a significant enlargement in the oropharynx and hypopharynx as well as a more elliptic transverse shape in the oropharynx, and the hyoid bone moved to an anterior position after TB treatment.     

对比分析不同矫治方法对青少年正畸患者唾液趋化因子、龈沟液炎症因子表达及牙周健康的影响

摘要 目的：对比分析不同矫治方法对青少年正畸患者唾液趋化因子、龈沟液炎症因子表达及牙周健康的影响。方法：选取我院2020年1月到2023年1月收治的100例正畸治疗的青少年患者,应用随机数字表法将其进行回顾性分析,其中30例患者采取Twin-Block矫治器进行治疗,将其分为Twin-Block组,30例患者采取直丝弓矫治器治疗,将其分为直丝弓组,40例患者采取无托槽隐性矫治器治疗,将其分为无托槽组。对比三组患者的矫正满意度,治疗前后唾液趋化因子、龈沟液炎症因子及牙周健康指标水平变化。结果：无托槽组咀嚼功能、美观程度、舒适性、方便程度满意度评分高于Twin-Block组和直丝弓组（P＜0.05）;矫治半年后,无托槽组CXCL13、CXCL11、CXCL10、CXCL8相关唾液趋化因子水平低于直丝弓组和Twin-Block组,Twin-Block组低于直丝弓组（P＜0.05）;三组患者矫治半年后,无托槽组IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平低于直丝弓组和Twin-Block组,Twin-Block组低于直丝弓组（P＜0.05）;矫治半年后,无托槽组CAL、PD、BI、PLI水平低于直丝弓组和Twin-Block组,Twin-Block组低于直丝弓组（P＜0.05）。结论：无托槽隐性矫治器在青少年正畸治疗患者满意度优于Twin-Block矫治器和直丝弓矫治器,但无托槽隐性矫治器治疗过程中对患者唾液趋化因子、牙龈雅正反应及牙周健康水平影响较小,临床可依照患者经济情况及对美观程度的要求综合选择。     

On the Relative Content of G,C Bases in Codons of Amino Acids Corresponding to Class I and II Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases

We have analyzed the relative G,C content from protein coding regions of 530 organisms and found that the ratio of the G,C content of the codons of the amino acids correspondingto Class II and Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases decreases in a statistically significant way from prokaryotes to animals.This can be interpreted assuming that an initial asymmetry between the G,C content of codons of Class I and II amino acids existed and has decreased in the course of evolution.     

The effect of bafilomycin A1 and protease inhibitors on the degradation and recycling of a Class 5-mutant LDLR

The low-density lipoprotein receptor （LDLR） mediates cholesterol homeostasis through endocytosis of lipoprotein particles, particularly low-density lipoproteins （LDLs）. Normally, the lipoprotein particles are released in the endosomes and the receptors recycle to the cell surface. Familial hypercholesterolemia （FH） is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the LDLR. These mutations are divided into five functional classes where Class 5 mutations encode receptors that suffer from ligand-induced degradation and recycling deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to prevent the fast ligand-induced degradation of Class 5-mutant LDLR and to restore its ability to recycle to the cell surface. E387K is a naturally occurring Class 5 mutation found in FH patients, and in the present study, we used Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with an E387K-mutant LDLR. Abrogation of endosomal acidification by adding bafdomycin A1 or addition of the irreversible serine protease inhibitors, 4-（2-aminoethyl）-benzenesulfonyl fluoride （AEBSF） and 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin （DCI）, prevented the degradation of the E387K-mutant LDLR. However, the undegraded receptor did not recycle to the cell surface in the presence of LDL. Unexpectedly, AEBSF caused aggregation of early endosome antigen-1positive endosomes and the intracellular trapped LDLR co-localized with these aggregated early endosomes.     

Extensive expression regulation and lack of heterologous enzymatic activity of the Class II trehalose metabolism proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana

Trehalose metabolism has profound effects on plant growth and metabolism, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. In Arabidopsis , 21 putative trehalose biosynthesis genes are classified in three subfamilies based on their similarity with yeast TPS1 (encoding a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, TPS) or TPS2 (encoding a trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, TPP). Although TPS1 (Class I) and TPPA and TPPB (Class III) proteins have established TPS and TPP activity, respectively, the function of the Class II proteins (AtTPS5-AtTPS11) remains elusive. A complete set of promoter- β -glucurinidase/green fluorescent protein reporters demonstrates their remarkably differential tissue-specific expression and responsiveness to carbon availability and hormones. Heterologous expression in yeast furthermore suggests that none of the encoded enzymes displays significant TPS or TPP activity, consistent with a regulatory rather than metabolic function for this remarkable class of proteins.     

The interaction of mammalian Class C Vps with nSec-1/Munc18-a and syntaxin 1A regulates pre-synaptic release

Membrane docking and fusion in neurons is a highly regulated process requiring the participation of a large number of SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) and SNARE-interacting proteins. We found that mammalian Class C Vps protein complex associated specifically with nSec-1/Munc18-a, and syntaxin 1A both in vivo and in vitro. In contrast, VAMP2 and SNAP-25, other neuronal core complex proteins, did not interact. When co-transfected with the human growth hormone (hGH) reporter gene, mammalian Class C Vps proteins enhanced Ca2+-dependent exocytosis, which was abolished by the Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine. In hippocampal primary cultures, the lentivirus-mediated overexpression of hVps18 increased asynchronous spontaneous synaptic release without changing mEPSCs. These results indicate that mammalian Class C Vps proteins are involved in the regulation of membrane docking and fusion through an interaction with neuronal specific SNARE molecules, nSec-1/Munc18-a and syntaxin 1A.