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乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的异质性恶性肿瘤,分为多种亚型,不同亚型的临床治疗方式和效果不同。多项研究表明长非编码RNA(lncRNA)在乳腺癌的进展中起着关键作用,其中由lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA相互作用形成的ceRNA网络是RNA分子间的一种新调节机制。LncRNA通过该网络广泛参与乳腺癌的增殖、迁移、凋亡等多种生物学过程,可作为诊断和治疗的分子靶点。该文重点阐述了lncRNA介导的ceRNA调控机制,系统总结了lncRNA相关ceRNA网络在调控不同乳腺癌亚型的增殖、迁移和耐药性中的研究进展,旨在为乳腺癌的精准治疗和lncRNA研究提供新见解。 相似文献
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以往,人们对细胞和机体的生长发育及疾病发病机制的研究往往集中于蛋白质及其编码基因。近年来在通过对蛋白编码基因表观遗传水平、转录水平以及转录后水平的研究,越来越多的证据显示长非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,LncRNA)在生长、发育以及疾病的发生发展中起重要的作用。人体基因组中约98%的基因转录组为非编码RNA,其中绝大部分为LncRNA,只有不足2%的编码基因最终经过转录翻译为蛋白质。最新的研究表明,人体中存在数万条LncRNA。目前,只有极少数LncRNA在细胞代谢及疾病发生中的作用被初步揭示,绝大部分的LncRNA的功能完全未知。进一步深入研究LncRNA的生物学功能,有可能为阐明许多重大疾病的发病过程及机制带来重大的突破,并提供独特的干预靶点。本综述简要讨论LncRNA与一些重大临床疾病关系的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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随着基因测序技术与核酸定量分析技术的发展,近年的大量研究表明,长链非编码RNA (long non-coding RNA,LncRNA) 通过多种途径调控基因表达,具有调节细胞功能的重要作用。LncRNA的异常表达与肿瘤发生发展之间的联系被广泛关注。其中,关于LncRNA与3种最常见的性激素依赖性肿瘤乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和前列腺癌的研究,揭示其在肿瘤细胞或组织中扮演着类似于原癌基因或抑癌基因的双重角色。并通过多种调控机制,参与癌细胞的侵袭、增殖、转移等过程。因性激素受体分布的特异性,使得与之相关的多种LncRNA的表达也具有较高的特异性。本文总结LncRNA与乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和前列腺癌的相关研究进展,包括涉及到的LncRNA种类、表达差异、作用机制及作为生物标志物或治疗靶点的可行性评价。 相似文献
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2型糖尿病是一种严重威胁人类健康的慢性非传染性代谢疾病,而胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能衰竭被认为是其主要致病原因。在以往对糖尿病及其并发症发病机制的研究中,往往关注传统的蛋白编码基因(mRNA)。长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,LncRNA)是一类长度大于200bp,不编码蛋白的RNA分子。近年来,越来越多的研究发现LncRNA在表观遗传、转录及转录后水平等多个层面上参与调控基因表达及代谢过程。本综述旨在讨论LncRNA在糖脂代谢调控、糖尿病及糖尿病并发症发生中作用的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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70%的人类基因组能够被转录,而其中仅有1%~2%的转录本能够编码蛋白,余下98%均为非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA).在ncRNA中,长度大于200核苷酸称为长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA),占全部ncRNA的80%~90%.LncRNA除了数量庞大以外,还具有表达量较低、物种间保守性较差及细胞表达特异性等特点,使LncRNA结构及作用机制等研究充满挑战.目前关于LncRNA的研究主要集中于功能方面.LncRNA能够广泛参与生物体的各种生理及病理过程,如表观遗传学调控、癌症、神经系统功能等.LncRNA作用机制众多,能够以分子诱饵、分子向导、分子支架及信号通路的调节剂等多种角色参与调节机体各种生物学过程.解析LncRNA的分子结构、深入研究其在生物体生理及病理过程中所发挥的作用,并揭示其作用机制,不仅能够加深对生物体生理及病理过程的认识,同时也能给某些疾病的诊断、防治提供新的思路及解决途径.本文综述了近年来有关LncRNA结构、功能及作用机制相关研究进展,以期为后续LncRNA相关研究提供参考. 相似文献
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Nik Daliana Nik Farid Norlaili Abdul Aziz Nabilla Al-Sadat Mariam Jamaludin Maznah Dahlui 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Breast cancer is the most common cause of deaths and the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of breast cancer screening, specifically on clinical breast examination, and the predictors of its uptake among women in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was carried out in five selected districts whereby women aged between 20 to 64 years old, from a total of 1000 households were interviewed. A total of 1192 women responded to the survey of which 53.3% reported had ever done clinical breast examination. Significant associations with clinical breast examination were noted for income and distance from the hospital. These factors should be considered in developing interventions aimed at promoting clinical breast examination. In particular, healthcare providers should be proactive in raising awareness about clinical breast examination among women in Malaysia. 相似文献
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Monika Jankowska 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2013,18(4):193-200
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women worldwide. The number of breast cancer survivors has been growing because of earlier detection and improved treatment. Young women under 50 years of age account for relatively small percentage of all newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. However, their medical and psychosocial context of the disease is unique. Breast cancer is diagnosed at the most productive time in life. Concerns about childbearing, partner rejection, sexual function, body image, sexual attractiveness and career are common. For all these reasons experience of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment among young women requires special attention. Researches indicate that oncological treatment may negatively affect female sexual functioning. Chemotherapy is one of the greatest risk factors of sexual dysfunctions, especially when it results in medication-induced menopause. The duration and severity of sexual problems depend on a wide variety of factors: medical, psychological and interpersonal. These side effects may last for many years after the end of treatment. It is known that breast cancer affects both patients and their partners. The first sexual experience after surgery may be a turning point in sexual adaptation in couples. Communication is crucial in this process. More knowledge about sexual difficulties and sexual adaptation process of young breast cancer survivors (YBCSs) and their partners is needed. Knowing protective and risk factors is necessary to identify couples at risk for sexual dysfunctions in order to professionally support them in the best way and at the right time. 相似文献
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C L Tang M H Brown R Levine M Sloan N Chong E Holowaty 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》1999,103(6):1687-1690
Reduction mammaplasty is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons in Canada. In a recent study of 27,500 women in the province of Ontario who underwent breast reduction surgery, 105 women were identified who developed breast cancer after reduction mammaplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare women who had breast cancer and had a previous breast reduction with women who had breast cancer but did not have a breast reduction. Specifically, we wanted to document patient demographics, cancer type, surgical and nonsurgical treatment, and eventual outcome. A comparison group of non-breast reduction women was taken from the cohort of breast cancer patients in the province of Ontario, and the two groups were matched for age, year of diagnosis, and place of diagnosis. It was found that (1) the average age at diagnosis of breast cancer is significantly younger for women who have had previous breast reduction surgery than for those who have not; (2) the median interval between breast reduction and cancer is 5 years; (3) the type, location, and side of breast cancers are similar in the two groups of women; (4) breast reduction does not significantly increase or decrease survival rate from breast cancer; and (5) women who have had breast reduction receive the same treatment for their breast cancer as women who have not had reduction mammaplasty. 相似文献
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《Cryobiology》2020
Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among reproductive aged women, and its treatment can compromise future fertility. Options for fertility preservation include oocyte or embryo cryopreservation after ovarian stimulation (OS), which are the most established choices and are applicable for adult women with cancer. Ovarian tissue freezing may also be appropriate, as it offers potentially the least delay. The recognisation of the role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in some women has led to the involvement of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), recently renamed preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorder (PGT-M), whereby embryos are created by IVF and cell(s) are removed and genetically analyzed for specific disease-related mutations. PGT-M offers a valid option for women wishing to avoid transmission of the predisposition for hereditary breast cancer to their offspring. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the factors that influence fertility preservation in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, and to illustrate the option of PGT-M to enable conception of an unaffected child. 相似文献
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Breast cancer continues to be a major challenge for public health, since it is the most common cancer of women in the Western world, and its prevalence is still increasing. In order to achieve better results in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer it is crucial to identify the mechanisms behind its initiation, i.e. the changes and deviations that have occurred in the mammary gland growth. It has long been known that a woman's reproductive history is the strongest breast cancer risk factor if genetic background and age are excluded. The reproductive hormones, and the timing of events leading to changes in these hormones, and consequently, in the mammary gland, are the most important players. However, it has become obvious that dietary components may also contribute to breast cancer risk through their effects on the mammary gland. The past few years have added important information to our knowledge of the mechanisms behind breast cancer initiation at the level of target cells (mammary stem cells) and gene expression (genetic 'fingerprint' associated with persistent pregnancy-induced protection against breast cancer), as well as of the effects of certain dietary factors (steroid action modulators). These results and their links to breast cancer initiation and progression will be discussed. 相似文献
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Introduction
Breast cancer is the most common female cancer and the second most common cause of female cancer-related deaths in the United States. World-wide, more than one million women will be diagnosed with breast cancer annually. In 2007, more than 175,000 women were diagnosed with breast cancer in the United States. However, deaths due to breast cancer have decreased in the recent years in part because of improved screening techniques, surgical interventions, understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, and utilization of traditional chemotherapies in a more efficacious manner. One of the more exciting areas of improvement in the treatment of breast cancer is the entrance of novel therapies now available to oncologists. In the field of cancer therapeutics, the area of targeted and biologic therapies has been progressing at a rapid rate, particularly in the treatment of breast cancer. Since the advent of imatinib for the successful treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia in the 2001, clinicians have been searching for comparable therapies that could be as efficacious and as tolerable. In order for targeted therapies to be effective, the agent must be able to inhibit critical regulatory pathways which promote tumor cell growth and proliferation. The targets must be identifiable, quantifiable and capable of being interrupted. In the field of breast cancer, two advances in targeted therapy have led to great strides in the understanding and treatment of breast cancer, namely hormonal therapy for estrogen positive receptor breast cancer and antibodies directed towards the inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2. These advances have revolutionized the understanding and the treatment strategies for breast cancer. Building upon these successes, a host of novel agents are currently being investigated and used in clinical trials that will hopefully prove to be as fruitful. This review will focus on novel therapies in the field of breast cancer with a focus on metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and updates from the recent annual ASCO meeting and contains a summary of the results. 相似文献19.
乳腺癌是除非上皮来源肿瘤中女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,在美国平均每3名女性中就有一名患乳腺癌,是女性肿瘤致死中的第二大原因,给政府经济造成了很大的损失。目前,乳腺癌主要是以手术治疗为主,而化疗,放疗等也作为相当重要的辅助治疗应用于临床。这种手术加化疗的治疗方法一直可以取得很好的疗效,甚至于可以保住乳房。近年来,乳腺癌的化疗已逐步成为其治疗的首选方式,包括术后辅助化疗和术前的新辅助化疗。但由于化疗药物的滥用和肿瘤本身的异质性或是其他原因,越来越多的肿瘤耐药性报道给乳腺癌的化疗带来了很大的挑战。而这种肿瘤耐药性的分子机制尚不是很清楚。本文将从乳腺癌的概述,乳腺癌化疗的现状及乳腺癌化疗的前景来综述这一灾难性疾病。 相似文献
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Liping Yang Baoer Liu Haodong Chen Rui Gao Kanghua Huang Qiuyi Guo Feng Li Weicai Chen Jinsong He 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(10):5420-5427
Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. Breast cancer research is currently based mainly on animal models and traditional cell culture. However, the inherent species gap between humans and animals, as well as differences in organization between organs and cells, limits research advances. The breast cancer organoid can reproduce many of the key features of human breast cancer, thereby providing a new platform for investigating the mechanisms underlying the development, progression, metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer. The application of organoid technology can also promote drug discovery and the design of individualized treatment strategies. Here, we discuss the latest advances in the use of organoid technology for breast cancer research. 相似文献