基因工程抗体中噬菌体抗体库技术的应用

通过基因工程可以大规模地制备能与人相容的单克隆抗体或片段。其中,噬菌体抗体抗库技术可以模拟体内抗体产生和成熟过程,不经细胞杂交,甚至不经免疫制备针对任何抗原的单克隆抗体。就基因工程抗体及噬菌抗体库技术的发展与应用作一概述 。     

基因工程抗体中噬茵体抗体库技术的应用

通过基因工程可以大规模地制备能与人相容的单克隆抗体或片段.其中,噬茵体抗体库技术可以模拟体内抗体产生和成熟过程,不经细胞杂交,甚至不经免疫制备针对任何抗原的单克隆抗体.就基因工程抗体及噬茵体抗体库技术的发展与应用作一概述.     

人源抗严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)病毒基因工程抗体的初步研究

严重急性呼吸道综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome,SARS)或称传染性非典型肺炎,已严重威胁人民健康和生命安全。快速研制一种可用于紧急预防SARS病毒感染的基因工程抗体预防制剂迫在眉睫。为此,运用噬菌体表面呈现技术,从多个SARS病人恢复期血中获得淋巴细胞,通过基因工程手段,构建了人源抗SARS病毒基因工程抗体文库,并筛选获得37株特异抗SARS病毒基因工程Fab抗体,其中ll株人源抗体结合基因工程重组的SARS病毒核(N)蛋白,其中的1株在Western blot分析中与SARS病毒结合,识别SARS病毒N蛋白线性位点。对所获抗体的功能鉴定及基因分析正在进行中。人源抗SARS病毒基因工程抗体的获得,将对SARS疾病的特异性预防,治疗和诊断提供新的途径。     

基因工程抗体

通过基因工程可以大规模地制备能与人相容的单克隆抗体或其片段,用于诊断、治疗以及抗体结构与功能的研究。基因工程抗体的制备过程是通过PCR技术获得抗体或其片段的基因,再与适当的载体重组后引入不同的宿主系统,如哺乳动物细胞、昆虫细胞、大肠杆菌和植物中进行表达、装配。较详细地介绍了基因工程抗体的背景、现状和进展。     

基因工程抗体研究进展

基因工程抗体技术的发展十分迅速,其应用也极其广泛,本文将介绍核糖体展示、噬菌体表面展示等基因工程抗体技术及应用进展。     

基因工程抗体：单克隆抗体技术发展的新时代

基因工程抗体：单克隆抗体技术发展的新时代俞晓峰,黄策（军事医学科学院微生物与流行病研究所,北京１０００７１）关键词基因工程抗体,单克隆抗体Ｋｏｈｌｅｒ和Ｍｉｌｓｔｅｉｎ于１９７５年创立的用杂交瘤技术制备单克隆抗体（ＭＡｂ）的新方法标志着细胞工程抗体时...     

抗体库的构建与特异性抗体的筛选

噬菌体抗体库技术和出现标志着抗体技术从多克隆抗体,单克隆抗休进入基因工程抗体的时代,这一技术具有省时,省力,筛选容量大,可直接接得到抗体,便于构建筑各种基因工程抗体及在原核系统中进行表达的特点。     

重组嵌合抗人CD22四价基因工程抗体在昆虫杆状病毒中的表达

重组嵌合抗人CD22四价基因工程抗体是由一条短肽链将两个鼠源抗CD22mAb的scFv连接起来,再与人IgG1的CH3片段连接所获得重组基因工程抗体(cRFB4-CH3),是目前开发治疗B细胞系淋巴瘤的人源化基因工程抗体。为探讨该重组基因工程抗体高效表达技术,本研究利用DNA重组技术将含有人IgG1的CH3段的抗人CD22四价基因工程抗体基因克隆到含信号肽的重组杆状病毒载体pAcSG2中,构建重组质粒pAcSG2-cRFB4-CH3并转染到Sf9细胞中,构建携带有重组嵌合抗人CD22四价基因工程抗体基因的重组杆状病毒AcNPV-cRFB4-CH3。通过对该重组毒进行PCR和IFA鉴定,证实获得了可以稳定表达抗人CD22四价基因工程抗体的重组杆状病毒。以蚀斑试验进一步纯化病毒,经过3次病毒蚀斑克隆,获得毒价达到4.5×107pfu/mL重组病毒,为治疗白血病药物的开发和应用打下了基础。     

噬菌体抗体库技术研究进展

抗体研究可分多克隆抗体、单克隆抗体和基因工程抗体三个阶段。特别是噬菌体抗体库 (ｐｈａｇｅａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙｌｉｂｒａｒｙ)技术[1 ]可达到不经免疫制备人源性小型化基因工程抗体。这一技术将抗体基因的克隆与表达融为一体 ,是一种新的基因操作技术 ;同时将识别抗原与再扩增能力结合在一起 ,是一种高效的表达和筛选抗体的新一代技术。1　噬菌体抗体库技术的基本原理[2 ,3 ]噬菌体抗体库技术是将抗体ＶＨ和ＶＬ基因与噬菌体的外壳蛋白Ⅲ (ｃｐⅢ )或Ⅷ (ｃｐⅧ )基因随机重组 ,继而感染大肠杆菌 ,经增殖并在噬菌体表面以抗体片段Ｆａｂ…     

嵌合抗体研究进展

抗体在疾病诊断,治疗和预防中发挥着重要作用,近几年来将基因工程应用到抗体生产的基因工程抗体技术发展迅速,本就基因工程抗体中的重要组成部分－嵌合抗体的研究进展加以综述。     

幽门螺杆菌致病岛CagL重组抗原的可溶性表达及其多克隆抗体的制备和分析*

目的:利用原核表达和蛋白质纯化技术获得高纯度的幽门螺杆菌致病岛CagL重组抗原(rCagL),利用其制备anti-CagL多克隆抗体,并分析抗体的特异性。方法:通过生物信息学软件分析rCagL的抗原结构;利用PCR长片段DNA合成技术合成不含有信号肽序列的幽门螺杆菌致病岛CagL基因,将其插入表达质粒pCzn1中,构建重组质粒pCzn1-rCagL。然后,将pCzn1-rCagL转入大肠杆菌Arctic Express中,经IPTG诱导表达后,通过Ni-IDA镍离子亲和层析纯化重组抗原rCagL,利用Western blot鉴定rCagL与His标签抗体和Anti-H. pylori抗体的免疫反应性;最后,通过rCagL辅以弗氏佐剂免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备anti-CagL多克隆抗血清,通过ELISA方法分析抗血清的特异性。结果:生物信息学软件表明重组抗原rCagL具有较好的抗原性质;重组质粒pCzn1-rCagL经双酶切和基因测序等技术鉴定,证实rCagL核苷酸序列与理论序列完全一致;基因工程菌株pCzn1-rCagL/Arctic Express在低温11℃条件经IPTG诱导表达。 SDS-PAGE实验结果证实:rCagL可实现相对高效地可溶性蛋白表达,可溶性蛋白约占包涵体的62.07%。经Ni-IDA亲和层析柱纯化,可获得高纯度rCagL,纯度约为96.6%。Western blot结果证实:重组抗原rCagL可特异性与His标签抗体和Anti-H. pylori抗体结合。ELISA结果证实:经rCagL免疫小鼠制备的多克隆抗体anti-CagL可特异性识别rCagL和H. pylori裂解物,具有较高的抗体特异性。结论:重组抗原rCagL在低温条件下可实现可溶性表达,经纯化可获得高纯度抗原蛋白;rCagL具有较好的抗原性,制备的多克隆抗体具有较好的免疫特异性,为发展H. pylori相关诊断试剂奠定了实验基础。     

Generation of recombinant antibodies and means for increasing their affinity

Highly specific interaction with foreign molecules is a unique feature of antibodies. Since 1975, when Keller and Milstein proposed the method of hybridoma technology and prepared mouse monoclonal antibodies, many antibodies specific to various antigens have been obtained. Recent development of methods for preparation of recombinant DNA libraries and in silico bioinformatics approaches for protein structure analysis makes possible antibody preparation using gene engineering approaches. The development of gene engineering methods allowed creating recombinant antibodies and improving characteristics of existing antibodies; this significantly extends the applicability of antibodies. By modifying biochemical and immunochemical properties of antibodies by changing their amino acid sequences it is possible to create antibodies with properties optimal for certain tasks. For example, application of recombinant technologies resulted in antibody preparation of high affinity significantly exceeding the initial affinity of natural antibodies. In this review we summarize information about the structure, modes of preparation, and application of recombinant antibodies and their fragments and also consider the main approaches used to increase antibody affinity.     

日本脑炎病毒E基因与流感病毒HA基因的串联表达及应用

根据GenBank公布的日本脑炎病毒(Japanese Encephalitis Virus, JEV) SA14 14 2株的核酸序列和人流感病毒的血凝素基因(ha)序列, 设计一对特异性引物, 用 PCR方法扩增编码 JEV囊膜蛋白主要抗原域基因, 其中含ha基因主要核苷酸序列。将PCR产物定向克隆入原核表达载体 pET 32a( ), 构建原核表达载体 pET EHA。阳性质粒转化BL21(DE3)宿主菌, 经 IPTG诱导获得表达, 重组蛋白以包涵体的形式存在。Western blot分析表明表达产物具有良好的免疫学活性。利用纯化的表达产物与流感病毒血凝素单抗及乳胶建立了诊断日本脑炎病毒抗体水平的乳胶凝集试验。结果表明乳胶凝集方法具有简便快速、敏感性高、特异性强、价格低廉、可现场检测等优点, 是一种适合基层兽医单位用于日本脑炎病毒抗体水平检测的新方法。     

C型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术,从C型产气荚膜梭菌染色体基因组中扩增了1．2kb的α毒素基因,将纯化的PCR产物与载体pGEM-T连接,转化至受体菌JM109中,经NcoI／EcoRI和BamHI／EcoRI酶切鉴定及核苷酸序列测定证实,重组质粒pXCPAl中含有α毒素全基因。随后用NcoI／EcoRI酶切质粒pXCPAl,回收α毒素基因片段,插入到事先经同样酶切处理的载体pET-28c中相应酶切位点,构建了表达质粒pETXAl,经NcoI／EcoRI和BamHI／EcoRI酶切鉴定及核苷酸序列测定证实,表达质粒含有α毒素基因且基因序列和阅读框架正确。重组菌株BL21(DE3)(pETXAl)表达产物经ELISA检测和SDS-PAGE分析,重组菌株表达的α毒素蛋白能够被α毒素单抗识别,其表达量占菌体总蛋白相对含量的16．28％。     

C型产气荚膜梭菌β2毒素基因的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术,从C型产气荚膜梭菌染色体基因组中扩增了0．72kb的β2毒素基因,将纯化的PER产物与载体pGEM—T连接,转化至受体菌JM109中,经NcoI／Bam HI和Bam HI／Eco RI酶切鉴定及核苷酸序列测定证实,重组质粒pXCPB2中含有陡毒素基因。随后用Nco I／Bam HI酶切质粒pXCPB2,回收β2毒素基因片段,插入到事先经同样酶切处理的载体pET-28c中相应酶切位点,构建了表达质粒pETXB2,经Nco I／Bam HI和Nco I／Hind Ⅲ／Bam HI酶切鉴定及核苷酸序列测定证实,表达质粒含有陡毒素基因且基因序列和阅读框架正确。重组菌株BL21（DE3）（pETXB2）表达产物经ELISA检测和SDS—PAGE分析,重组菌株表达的β2毒素蛋白能够被如毒素抗体识别,其表达量占菌体总蛋白相对含量的13．26％。     

Hybridization-based antibody cDNA recovery for the production of recombinant antibodies identified by repertoire sequencing

High-throughput sequencing of the antibody repertoire is enabling a thorough analysis of B cell diversity and clonal selection, which may improve the novel antibody discovery process. Theoretically, an adequate bioinformatic analysis could allow identification of candidate antigen-specific antibodies, requiring their recombinant production for experimental validation of their specificity. Gene synthesis is commonly used for the generation of recombinant antibodies identified in silico. Novel strategies that bypass gene synthesis could offer more accessible antibody identification and validation alternatives. We developed a hybridization-based recovery strategy that targets the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRH3) for the enrichment of cDNA of candidate antigen-specific antibody sequences. Ten clonal groups of interest were identified through bioinformatic analysis of the heavy chain antibody repertoire of mice immunized with hen egg white lysozyme (HEL). cDNA from eight of the targeted clonal groups was recovered efficiently, leading to the generation of recombinant antibodies. One representative heavy chain sequence from each clonal group recovered was paired with previously reported anti-HEL light chains to generate full antibodies, later tested for HEL-binding capacity. The recovery process proposed represents a simple and scalable molecular strategy that could enhance antibody identification and specificity assessment, enabling a more cost-efficient generation of recombinant antibodies.     

Hybridization-based antibody cDNA recovery for the production of recombinant antibodies identified by repertoire sequencing

High-throughput sequencing of the antibody repertoire is enabling a thorough analysis of B cell diversity and clonal selection, which may improve the novel antibody discovery process. Theoretically, an adequate bioinformatic analysis could allow identification of candidate antigen-specific antibodies, requiring their recombinant production for experimental validation of their specificity. Gene synthesis is commonly used for the generation of recombinant antibodies identified in silico. Novel strategies that bypass gene synthesis could offer more accessible antibody identification and validation alternatives. We developed a hybridization-based recovery strategy that targets the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRH3) for the enrichment of cDNA of candidate antigen-specific antibody sequences. Ten clonal groups of interest were identified through bioinformatic analysis of the heavy chain antibody repertoire of mice immunized with hen egg white lysozyme (HEL). cDNA from eight of the targeted clonal groups was recovered efficiently, leading to the generation of recombinant antibodies. One representative heavy chain sequence from each clonal group recovered was paired with previously reported anti-HEL light chains to generate full antibodies, later tested for HEL-binding capacity. The recovery process proposed represents a simple and scalable molecular strategy that could enhance antibody identification and specificity assessment, enabling a more cost-efficient generation of recombinant antibodies.     

Yeast cytochrome b2 gene: isolation with antibody probes

An efficient technique was used to clone the gene for yeast cytochrome b2, (a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein) using the expression vector, lambda gt11 (lac 5 nin 5 c1857 S100). This enables the insertion of yeast DNA into the beta-galactosidase structural gene (lacZ) and promotes synthesis of hybrid proteins. Screening of antigen producing clones in the lambda gt11 recombinant genomic library was achieved using antiserum against cytochrome b2 according to Young and Davis (1983) Two recombinants containing part of the gene coding for cytochrome b2 were isolated and characterized as follows: by their expression in Escherichia coli cells, examined by immuno-blotting with antibodies to pure cytochrome b2. by DNA sequence analysis. One recombinant carries a 3 Kb yeast DNA insert which contains the whole nucleotide sequence encoding cytochrome b2 and a few amino acids of the amino terminal presequence.     

The major outer membrane protein of Haemophilus ducreyi consists of two OmpA homologs.

The major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Haemophilus ducreyi is an OmpA homolog that migrates on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels as three species with apparent molecular weights ranging from 37,000 to 43,000. Monoclonal antibodies directed against this macromolecule were used to identify recombinant clones containing fragments of the gene encoding this protein. Nucleotide sequence analysis of these fragments confirmed that the MOMP encoded by the intact gene (momp) was a member of the OmpA family of outer membrane proteins. Construction of an isogenic H. ducreyi mutant unable to express the MOMP led to the discovery of a second outer membrane protein which migrated at the same rate on SDS-PAGE gels as the MOMP. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of this second protein revealed that its N terminus was nearly identical to that of the MOMP and also had homology with members of the OmpA family. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the region downstream from the momp gene revealed the presence of a partial open reading frame encoding a predicted OmpA-like protein. A modification of anchored PCR technology was used to obtain the nucleotide sequence of this downstream gene which was shown to encode a second OmpA homolog (OmpA2). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of OmpA2 was identical to that of the OmpA-like protein detected in the momp mutant. The H. ducreyi MOMP and OmpA2 proteins, which comigrated on SDS-PAGE gels and which were encoded by the tandem arranged momp and ompA2 genes, were 72% identical.     

炭疽芽孢杆菌保护性抗原在大肠杆菌中的表达及纯化

按照炭疽芽孢杆菌保护性抗原（PA）基因成熟肽编码序列设计引物,从炭疽杆菌pOX1质粒中扩增出PA基因片段,将该片段定向插入到原核表达载体pET-28a中,获得了pET-PA原核表达重组质粒,限制性酶切分析和DNA序列测定均证实该克隆插入片段为PA基因的成熟呔编码序列。将该重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,经IPTG诱导,重组蛋白在大肠杆菌表达系统中获得了高效表达;Western印迹分析表明表达产物具有良好的免疫学活性。