FIRST RECORD OF THE SNAKE CATFISH CLARIAS THEODORAE (WEBER, 1897) (CLARIIDAE: PISCES) FROM THE TRANSVAAL,SOUTH AFRICA

SUMMARY

Two new distributional records of the snake catfish Clarias theodorae (Clariidae: Pisces) from Transvaal tributaries of the Limpopo River are documented. This is also the first record of the snake catfish from the Transvaal. The habitat preference of this species is briefly discussed and brief comment is made on probable migration routes.     

GOBIID FISHES OF THE GENUS GLOSSOGOBIUS IN THE LIMPOPO SYSTEM: A FIRST RECORD AND A RANGE EXTENSION OF G. CALLIDUS (SMITH, 1937)

Summary

Recently, a specimen of Glossogobius callidus was collected in the Marico Oog, a major source of the Limpopo River in the western Transvaal. This locality is some 1500 km from the river mouth. Earlier taxonomic confusion of Glossogobius giuris and G. callidus has resulted in the omission of G. callidus from identification keys published before 1979. As a result, that species has not been recorded from the Limpopo system. A previously published record of G. giuris from that system, at a locality about 950 km from the sea, is now shown to be based on a misidentification of G. callidus specimens.     

FIRST RECORD OF GRACILARIA VERMICULOPHYLLA (GRACILARIALES,RHODOPHYTA) IN THE PO DELTA LAGOONS,MEDITERRANEAN SEA (ITALY)1

Molecular outcomes led us to report the first occurrence of the invasive alien species Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenf. in the Mediterranean Sea. This species was recorded for the first time in the Po Delta lagoons in May and October 2008, probably introduced by the importation of the Manila clam Tapes philippinarum. At present, G. vermiculophylla is spread only near some clam‐farming areas, but its diffusion is expected to increase with the colonization of other lagoons where aquaculture is spread, as already observed for other alien species such as Agardhiella subulata and Solieria filiformis. The present study supplies further information on the morphology of this species, the ecological characteristics of the colonized areas, and the most probable introduction vector, confirming that the species spreading occurs in eutrophic and turbid coastal systems.     

中国管蓟马亚科一新纪录属记述(缨翅目,管蓟马科)

记述中国新纪录属,曲管蓟马属Sinuothrips Collins,2000,以及1新纪录种,剑曲管蓟马S.hasta Collins.更新了曲管蓟马属的属征,提供了新纪录种的形态描述、特征图以及COI序列.研究标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所国家动物博物馆和澳大利亚国家昆虫收藏.     

NEW DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR CLARIAS THEODORAE WEBER 1897, BARBUS EUTAENIA BOULENGER 1904, BARBUS POLYLEPIS BOULENGER 1907 AND OPSARIDIUM ZAMBEZENSE (PETERS 1852) FROM THE WATERBERG,TRANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA.

Summary

New distribution records for four fish species in the Waterberg mountains of the Transvaal were established during surveys since 1987–92. Clarias theodorae was previously reported from one locality each in the Waterberg and Soutpansberg. The current survey disclosed its presence at an additional 11 localities. In the Transvaal Opsaridium zambezense was previously only known from the eastern parts of the Province. The current survey revealed its presence at one locality in the Waterberg. Clarias theodorae and Opsaridium zambezense are regarded as threatened in South Africa. Barbus eutaenia (two populations in the Waterberg) and B. polylepis (one population in the Waterberg) have relatively wide distributions in the Transvaal but their presence in the Waterberg represent comparatively unique, isolated populations. All four species were only found in relatively small numbers. Droughts during the nineteen eighties, and a concurrent increase in farm weir construction and water abstraction, jeopardise the survival of these small fish populations. Extreme drought conditions during 1991/92 have exacerbated adverse conditions for fish survival even further due to a general cessation of stream flow.     

ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF KNERIA AURICULATA (PELLEGRIN, 1905) (PISCES: KNERIIDAE) FROM THE EASTERN TRANSVAAL SOUTH AFRICA

SUMMARY

Seven natural populations of Kneria auriculata occur in tributaries of the Crocodile River (Incomati System) on the eastern Transvaal escarpment. The routes it probably used to colonize these streams are discussed and used to explain its current restricted distribution with reference to its ecological requirements. Fish up to a fork length of 2,0 cm feed on invertebrates while larger fish utilize ‘Aufwuchs’, especially diatoms. This dietary difference results in an increase in the food spectrum and possibly also serves to limit competition between smaller and larger lengths groups. Relative gut lengths increase with an increase in fork length and this is correlated with a change in diet from invertebrates to diatoms. Observations on captive fishes indicated that adult fish are able to survive on a diet of Daphnia spp. The habitat of K. auriculata is considered to be unstable due to the occurrence of unpredictable summer floods in escarpment streams. As a result the species has a prolonged breeding season (October to April) while the presence of two size classes of ova indicate that it is a multiple spawner. This breeding strategy minimizes mortality in escarpment streams. The colonization by this fish of previously unsuitable and unavailable habitat indicates that it is a generalist. Its feeding habits and reproductive strategy indicate, however, that it has developed a certain degree of specialization in order to survive in a relatively unpredictable habitat. The conservation prospects of the seven natural and one translocated population varies from uncertain to good. Medium and long term conservation measures are needed to ensure the survival of this fish in the Transvaal.     

DIATOM INDICATOR GROUPS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY IN THE JUKSKEI-CROCODILE RIVER SYSTEM (TRANSVAAL,REPUBLIC OF South Africa

SUMMARY

Based on a detailed study of Cholnoky's (1968) work in the ecology of diatoms, species with similar ecological requirements are arranged in groups. The use of these diatom groups as reliable indicators of the water quality in the Jukskei-Crocodile river system (Transvaal) is examined. The predictions of the water quality based on the diatom groups are compared with the chemical and a gal growth potential data. The results indicate that the diatom groups employed can serve as reliable indicators of water quality. In the present study they further suggest that the Modderfontein and Jukskei rivers arc considerably more eutrophied than the Hennops and Crocodile rivers.     

浙江钱塘江冰后期有孔虫化石记录及其古环境意义

本研究对浙江萧山SE2钻孔近50m沉积物岩心进行了详细的有孔虫定量统计分析,并结合测年资料重建了冰后期以来钱塘江沉积河谷的环境演化过程。有孔虫群落特征反映的古环境变化与沉积相分析结果一致。有孔虫资料显示:大约1万年以来该地区受到海水的影响、以胶结质壳Textularia-Reophax组合为特征,并在中全新世海水深度到达最大、以近岸浅水组合Ammonia beccarii-Elphidium magellanicum为代表,而晚全新世以来在全球海平面下降的影响下、该地区海水变浅的同时,却由于狭窄的特殊河口地形,水动力相对较强,显示强潮型河口地区特有的近岸分子Ammonia beccarii,Elphidium advenum和相对较深水分子Ammonia compressiuscula共存的底栖有孔虫群落特征。     

狗鱼(Esox,Teleostei)化石在中国的首次发现

记述了山东龙口黄县洼里煤矿早始新世黄县组二段油页岩中的鱼化石。该鱼身体狭长,背鳍位置靠后;额骨侧面有长形的、狗鱼所特有的副筛骨;额骨甚长;顶骨相对来说甚短;口裂较长;齿骨、前上颌骨及颚部许多骨片均生有扁而尖的牙齿,但上颌骨口缘光滑;外翼骨甚粗壮;鳃盖骨略呈长方形;前鳃盖骨较直,中部略收缩,上、下枝夹角大(约为１３０°);匙骨纵枝短而水平枝长大。困此属于狗鱼科中惟一的狗鱼属是毫无疑问的。根据其头长与体长之比、额骨及顶骨的形状和比例以及背鳍条数目与狗鱼属其他种的不同,我们将它订为一个新种——龙口狗鱼。黄县的化石是狗鱼渐新世以前在北美以外地区的首次发现,也是狗鱼化石在亚洲的首次发现。黄县位于北纬３７°７′,远较现生狗鱼在亚洲分布的地区(４３°和４６°以北)靠南。而始新世全球气候偏暖,巨南北温差较小,始新世狗鱼或较现生种类更适应较温暖的气候。早始新世狗鱼在中国的发现为当时跨太平洋鱼类区系的存在提供了进一步的证据。     

中国长痣小蜂科一新纪录属(膜翅目,长痣小蜂科)

记述了中国长痣小蜂科Tanaostigmatidae 1新纪录属,食瘿蜂小蜂属Cynipencyrtus Ishii,1新纪录种,黄色食瘿蜂小蜂C.flava Ishii.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

中国南海蛇鳗科一新纪录属及一新纪录种(鱼纲,鳗鲡目)

报道了中国南海蛇鳗科1新纪录属Echelus Rafinesque,1810和1新纪录种Echelus uropterus(Temminck et Schlegel,1846).该属的特征为:尾鳍、胸鳍存在;背鳍起点在胸鳍后端之前;头部无额骨孔、眶后孔和上颞骨孔;鳃孔中等大;鳃膜骨条连于舌骨或上舌骨尖前.该种的特征:尾尖柔软;颌齿和犁骨齿颗粒状,带形;后鼻孔在上唇边缘外侧.     

中国大翼甲螨科一新纪录属(蜱螨亚纲,甲螨亚目,大翼甲螨科)(英文)

记述了采自中国湖北的大翼甲螨科1新纪录属和1新纪录种:半大翼甲螨属Dimidiogalumna Engelbrecht,1972和东氏半大翼甲螨Dimidiogalumna azumai Aoki,1996,并制作了该属所有种的区别特征对照表。研究标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

FIRST RECORD OF THE GENUS DIMIDIOGALUMNA ENGELBRECHT (ACARI,ORIBATIDA, GALUMNIDAE) FROM CHINA

记述了采自中国湖北的大翼甲螨科1新纪录属和1新纪录种:半大翼甲螨属Dimidiogalumna Engelbrecht,1972和东氏半大翼甲螨Dimidiogalumna azumai Aoki,1996,并制作了该属所有种的区别特征对照表.研究标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所.     

中卷甲螨科中国一新纪录属——杜卷甲螨属(甲螨亚目,中卷甲螨科)(英文)

记述中卷甲螨科中国1新纪录属:杜卷甲螨属Dudichoplophora Mahunka,1982,及中国1新纪录种:网杜卷甲螨Dudichoplophora reticulata Mahunka,1982.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

FIRST RECORD OF THE CIRRIPEDE GENUS STRAMENTUM (THORACICA, SCALPELLIFORMES) FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF JAPAN

Abstract:  The scalpelliform genus Stramentum is described from upper Turonian–Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in the Mikasa area, Hokkaido (Japan), documenting the first record of the genus from the north-west Pacific Realm. The single articulated skeleton, which is horizontally embedded in a dark grey laminated mudstone, is specifically indeterminate because capitular plates are missing. However, peduncular morphology resembles that of S. ( S .) pulchellum (Sowerby Jr), which has been described from the Cenomanian–Turonian of Europe. The present record from Japan demonstrates that this cirripede genus had a wider geographic distribution than previously assumed during the youngest phase of its radiation.     

蜻科中国一新纪录属种记述(蜻蜒目,蜻科)

记述蜻科Libellulidae木蜻属Hylaeothemis Ris,1909和克莱木蜻农业大学昆虫标本馆.Hylaeothemis dementia Ris,1909在中国的首次发现.研究标本保存在中国     

FIRST REPORT OF GYMNODINIUM PULCHELLUM (DINOPHYCEAE) IN NORTH AMERICA AND ASSOCIATED FISH KILLS IN THE INDIAN RIVER, FLORIDA

Fish and invertebrate kills were reported from September to October 1996 in the Indian River, Florida, coincident with blooms of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium pulchellum Larsen 1994. This is the first report of a bloom of this species in the Americas. Fish and invertebrate species affected were common snook ( Centropomus undecimalis ), striped mullet ( Mugil cephalus ), hardhead catfish ( Arius felis ), red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ), sheepshead ( Archosargus probatocephalus ), black drum ( Pogonias cromis ), blue crab ( Callinectes sapidus ), and shrimp ( Penaeus spp.). However, Gymnodinium pulchellum has previously caused fish kills in Japan and Australia. Examination of archived phytoplankton samples from a fish kill reported in the same area of the Indian River in August 1990 confirmed the presence of high concentrations of G. pulchellum. Fish kills associated with Alexandrium monilatum and potentially Pfiesteria -like species in the Indian River also are discussed. Scanning electron microscopy provided additional morphological detail on this distinct but little-known dinoflagellate.     

蟋蟀化石在我国的首次发现(直翅目:蛉蟋科)(英文)

本文描述针蟋化石1新属1新种：Liaonemobiustanaegen.etsp.nov.。这是蟋蟀化石在我国的首次发现。本文描述的所有标本均来自辽宁西部晚侏罗世义县组地层中,现保存在中国地质博物馆。